String数据布局之验证码实战
验证码实现我们接纳Kaptcha 框架，它是谷歌开源的一个可高度设置的实用验证码生成工具。我们这次实现的验证码思路是：用户访问注册页面时，我们先将图形验证码在服务端生成，并存到redis中，再将该图形验证码返回给用户界面，用户输入图形验证码的值之后，点击"发送验证码"的同时，也会将电话号码以及图形验证码也一同带到服务端，服务端把吸收到的图形验证码跟redis中图形验证码是否同等。
首先我们要添加kaptcha依靠包：
<dependency>
<groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
<artifactId>kaptcha-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
</dependency> 验证码的设置类：
@Configuration
public class CaptchaConfig {
/**
* 验证码配置
* Kaptcha配置类名
*
* @return
*/
@Bean
@Qualifier("captchaProducer")
public DefaultKaptcha kaptcha() {
DefaultKaptcha kaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
Properties properties = new Properties();
//验证码个数
properties.setProperty(Constants.KAPTCHA_TEXTPRODUCER_CHAR_LENGTH, "4");
//字体间隔
properties.setProperty(Constants.KAPTCHA_TEXTPRODUCER_CHAR_SPACE,"8");
//干扰线颜色
//干扰实现类
properties.setProperty(Constants.KAPTCHA_NOISE_IMPL, "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.NoNoise");
//图片样式
properties.setProperty(Constants.KAPTCHA_OBSCURIFICATOR_IMPL, "com.google.code.kaptcha.impl.WaterRipple");
//文字来源
properties.setProperty(Constants.KAPTCHA_TEXTPRODUCER_CHAR_STRING, "0123456789");
Config config = new Config(properties);
kaptcha.setConfig(config);
return kaptcha;
}
} 设置CommonUtil工具类：
public class CommonUtil {
/**
* 获取ip
* @param request
* @return
*/
public static String getIpAddr(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ipAddress = null;
try {
ipAddress = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
ipAddress = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
ipAddress = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ipAddress == null || ipAddress.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ipAddress)) {
ipAddress = request.getRemoteAddr();
if (ipAddress.equals("127.0.0.1")) {
// 根据网卡取本机配置的IP
InetAddress inet = null;
try {
inet = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
} catch (UnknownHostException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
ipAddress = inet.getHostAddress();
}
}
// 对于通过多个代理的情况，第一个IP为客户端真实IP,多个IP按照','分割
if (ipAddress != null && ipAddress.length() > 15) {
// "***.***.***.***".length()
// = 15
if (ipAddress.indexOf(",") > 0) {
ipAddress = ipAddress.substring(0, ipAddress.indexOf(","));
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
ipAddress="";
}
return ipAddress;
}
public static String MD5(String data){
try {
java.security.MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
byte[] array = md.digest(data.getBytes("UTF-8"));
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
for (byte item : array) {
sb.append(Integer.toHexString((item & 0xFF) | 0x100).substring(1, 3));
}
return sb.toString().toUpperCase();
} catch (Exception exception) {
}
return null;
}
}
还有设置JsonData响应工具类，方便我们检察结果：
public class JsonData {
/**
* 状态码 0 表示成功
*/
private Integer code;
/**
* 数据
*/
private Object data;
/**
* 描述
*/
private String msg;
public JsonData(int code,Object data,String msg){
this.code = code;
this.data = data;
this.msg = msg;
}
/**
* 成功，不传入数据
* @return
*/
public static JsonData buildSuccess() {
return new JsonData(0, null, null);
}
/**
*成功，传入数据
* @param data
* @return
*/
public static JsonData buildSuccess(Object data) {
return new JsonData(0, data, null);
}
/**
* 失败，传入描述信息
* @param msg
* @return
*/
public static JsonData buildError(String msg) {
return new JsonData(-1, null, msg);
}
public Integer getCode() {
return code;
}
public void setCode(Integer code) {
this.code = code;
}
public Object getData() {
return data;
}
public void setData(Object data) {
this.data = data;
}
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
public void setMsg(String msg) {
this.msg = msg;
}
}
接下来我们就可以进行接口的开发：
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/v1/captcha")
public class CaptchaController {
@Autowired
private StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;
@Autowired
private Producer captchaProducer;
/**
* 获取图形验证码
* @param request
* @param response
*/
@GetMapping("get_captcha")
public void getCaptcha(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
String captchaText = captchaProducer.createText();
String key = getCaptchaKey(request);
stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key,captchaText,10, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
BufferedImage bufferedImage = captchaProducer.createImage(captchaText);
ServletOutputStream servletOutputStream = null;
try {
servletOutputStream = response.getOutputStream();
ImageIO.write(bufferedImage,"jpg",servletOutputStream);
servletOutputStream.flush();
servletOutputStream.close();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* 发送验证码
* @param to
* @param captcha
* @param request
* @return
*/
@GetMapping("send_code")
public JsonData sendCode(@RequestParam(value = "to",required = true)String to,
@RequestParam(value = "captcha",required = true)String captcha,
HttpServletRequest request){
String key = getCaptchaKey(request);
String cacheCaptcha= stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);
if(captcha!=null && cacheCaptcha!=null && cacheCaptcha.equalsIgnoreCase(captcha)){
stringRedisTemplate.delete(key);
//TODO 发送验证码
return JsonData.buildSuccess();
}else {
return JsonData.buildError("验证码错误");
}
}
/**
* 获取缓存的key
* @param request
* @return
*/
private String getCaptchaKey(HttpServletRequest request){
String ip = CommonUtil.getIpAddr(request);
String userAgent = request.getHeader("User-Agent");
String key = "user-service:captcha:"+CommonUtil.MD5(ip+userAgent);
return key;
}
}
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