WPF绘制深圳地铁路线图
经常坐地铁,却不知道地铁多少条线路?哪个站下车?今天就带领大家熟悉并绘制深圳地铁路线图。WPF在绘制矢量图方面有非常强大的优势,利用WPF可以绘制出各种矢量图形,如线,圆,多边形,矩形,及组合图形。今天以绘制深圳地铁路线图为例,简述WPF在图形绘制方面的一些知识,仅供学习分享使用,如有不足之处,还请指正。
WPF图形概述
与传统的.NET开发使用GDI+进行绘图不同,WPF拥有自己的一套图形API,绘图为矢量图。绘图可以在任何一种布局控件中完成,wpf会根据容器计算相应坐标。最常用的是Canvas和Grid。基本图形包括以下几个,都是Shaper类的派生类。
[*]Line,直线段,可以设置Stroke
[*]Rectangle,有Stroke也有Fill
[*]Ellipse,椭圆,同上
[*]Polygon,多边形。由多条直线线段围成的闭合区域,同上。
[*]Polyline,折线,不闭合,由多条首尾相接的直线段组成
[*]Path,路径,闭合。可以由若干直线、圆弧、贝塞尔曲线(由线段与节点组成,节点是可拖动的支点,线段像可伸缩的皮筋)组成。很强大。
地铁官网效果
首先打开深圳地铁官网【https://www.szmc.net/map/】,可查看深圳地铁的路线图,如下所示:
https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1068941/202305/1068941-20230531234258591-1653596676.png
获取地铁路线数据
通过对地铁官网的网络接口接收数据分析,可以获取地铁数据的原始JSON文件,将原始JSON文件保存到本地,在程序中进行引用,如下所示:
https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1068941/202305/1068941-20230531234629046-1147924549.png
构建地铁数据模型
在得到shentie.json文件后,通过分析,构建模型类,如下所示:
1 namespace DemoSubway.Models
2 {
3 /// <summary>
4 /// 深圳地铁模型
5 /// </summary>
6 public class ShenTie
7 {
8
9 public string? Name { get; set; }
10
11
12 public string? Index { get; set; }
13
14
15 public SubwayLine[]? SubwayLines { get; set; }
16
17
18 public string? Obj { get;set; }
19 }
20
21 public class SubwayLine
22 {
23
24 public St[]? Sites { get; set; }
25
26
27 public string? LineNumber { get; set; }
28
29
30 public string? Su { get; set; }
31
32
33 public string? KName { get; set; }
34
35
36 public string[]? Circles { get;set; }
37
38
39 public string? Lo { get; set; }
40
41
42 public string[]? LinePosition { get; set; }
43
44
45 public string? Ls { get; set; }
46
47
48 public string? Color { get; set; }
49
50
51 public string? La { get; set; }
52
53
54 public string? X { get; set; }
55
56
57 public string? Li { get; set; }
58 }
59
60 public class St
61 {
62
63 public string? Rs { get; set; }
64
65
66 public string? Udpx { get; set; }
67
68
69 public string? Su { get; set; }
70
71
72 public string? Udsu { get; set;}
73
74
75 public string? Name { get; set;}
76
77
78 public string? En { get; set; }
79
80
81 public string? Sid { get; set; }
82
83
84 public string? Position { get; set; }
85
86
87 public string? R { get; set; }
88
89
90 public string? Udsi { get; set; }
91
92
93 public string? T { get; set;}
94
95
96 public string? Si { get; set; }
97
98
99 public string? Sl { get; set;}
100
101
102 public string? Udli { get; set; }
103
104
105 public string? Poiid { get; set; }
106
107
108 public string? Lg { get; set; }
109
110
111 public string? Sp { get; set; }
112 }
113 }
解析数据源
通过反序列化,将shentie.json文件内容,加载到内存并实例化为ShenTie对象,在此需要用到第三方库【Newtonsoft.Json】,如下所示:
https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1068941/202305/1068941-20230531235209999-361497948.png
绘制地铁路线图
地铁路线图在WPF主页面显示,用Grid作为容器【subwayBox】,如下所示:
1 <Window x:Class="DemoSubway.MainWindow"
2 xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
3 xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
4 xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
5 xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
6 xmlns:local="clr-namespace:DemoSubway"
7 mc:Ignorable="d"
8 Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" Loaded="Window_Loaded">
9
10 <Grid>
11 <Grid.RowDefinitions>
12 <RowDefinition Height="Auto"></RowDefinition>
13 <RowDefinition Height="*"></RowDefinition>
14 </Grid.RowDefinitions>
15 <StackPanel Grid.Row="0" Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center">
16 <TextBlock x:Name="tbTitle" FontSize="30" HorizontalAlignment="Center"></TextBlock>
17 </StackPanel>
18 <Viewbox Stretch="Fill" Grid.Row="1">
19 <Grid x:Name="subwayBox">
20
21 </Grid>
22 </Viewbox>
23 </Grid>
24 </Window>ShenTie对象创建成功后,就可以获取路线数据,然后创建地铁路线元素,如下所示:
1 private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
2 {
3 string jsonFile = "shentie.json";
4 JsonHelper jsonHelper = new JsonHelper();
5 var shentie = jsonHelper.Deserialize<ShenTie>(jsonFile);
6 this.tbTitle.Text = shentie.Name;
7 List<string> lstSites = new List<string>();
8 for(int i = 0; i < shentie.SubwayLines?.Length; i++)
9 {
10 var subwayLine= shentie.SubwayLines;
11 if(subwayLine != null)
12 {
13 //地铁线路
14 var color = ColorTranslator.FromHtml($"#{subwayLine.Color}");//线路颜色
15 var circles = subwayLine.Circles;//线路节点
16 Path line = new Path();
17 PathFigureCollection lineFigures = new PathFigureCollection();
18 PathFigure lineFigure = new PathFigure();
19 lineFigure.IsClosed= false;
20 var start = circles?.Split(" ");//线路起始位置
21 lineFigure.StartPoint = new System.Windows.Point(int.Parse(start), int.Parse(start));
22
23 for (int j= 0;j< circles?.Length;j++)
24 {
25 var circle= circles.Split(" ");
26 LineSegment lineSegment = new LineSegment(new System.Windows.Point(int.Parse(circle), int.Parse(circle)),true);
27 lineFigure.Segments.Add(lineSegment);
28 }
29 lineFigures.Add(lineFigure);
30 line.Data = new PathGeometry(lineFigures, FillRule.Nonzero, null);
31 line.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(color.A, color.R, color.G, color.B));
32 line.StrokeThickness = 4;
33 this.subwayBox.Children.Add(line);
34 //地铁站点
35 for (int j = 0; j < subwayLine.Sites?.Length; j++)
36 {
37 var site = subwayLine.Sites;
38 if (site != null)
39 {
40
41 //站点标识,圆圈
42 Path siteCirclePath = new Path();
43 var sitePosition = site?.Position?.Split(" ");
44 EllipseGeometry ellipse = new EllipseGeometry();
45 ellipse.Center = new System.Windows.Point(int.Parse(sitePosition), int.Parse(sitePosition));
46 ellipse.RadiusX = 4;
47 ellipse.RadiusY=4;
48 siteCirclePath.Data=ellipse;
49 siteCirclePath.Fill = Brushes.White;
50 siteCirclePath.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(color.A, color.R, color.G, color.B));
51 siteCirclePath.Cursor= Cursors.Hand;
52 siteCirclePath.Focusable = true;
53 siteCirclePath.Tag = site?.Name;
54 siteCirclePath.MouseDown += SiteCirclePath_MouseDown;
55 this.subwayBox.Children.Add(siteCirclePath);
56 //站点名字
57 if (lstSites.Contains(site?.Name))
58 {
59 continue;//对于交汇站点,只绘制一次
60 }
61 //站点名称
62 Path siteTextPath = new Path();
63 FormattedText siteContent = new FormattedText(site?.Name,CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,FlowDirection.LeftToRight,new Typeface("Arial"),14,Brushes.Black, 1.25);
64 var x = int.Parse(sitePosition);
65 var y = int.Parse(sitePosition);
66 if (j + 1 < subwayLine.Sites?.Length)
67 {
68 //站点位置适当偏移
69 var next = subwayLine.Sites?.Position?.Split(" ");
70 var nextx = int.Parse(next);
71 var nexty = int.Parse(next);
72 if (x == nextx)
73 {
74 x = x + 6;
75 }
76 else if (y == nexty)
77 {
78 y = y + 6;
79 }
80 else
81 {
82 x = x + 1;
83 y = y + 1;
84 }
85 }
86 Geometry geometry = siteContent.BuildGeometry(new System.Windows.Point(x, y));
87 siteTextPath.Data = geometry;
88 siteTextPath.Stroke = Brushes.Black;
89 siteTextPath.Focusable = true;
90 siteTextPath.Cursor = Cursors.Hand;
91 siteTextPath.MouseDown += SiteTextPath_MouseDown;
92 siteTextPath.Tag = site?.Name;
93 this.subwayBox.Children.Add(siteTextPath);
94 lstSites.Add(site?.Name);
95 }
96 }
97
98 var kName = subwayLine.KName;//线路名称
99 var linePosition= subwayLine.LinePosition?.Split(" ");
100 if(kName != null)
101 {
102 Path lineNamePath = new Path();
103 FormattedText lineNameText = new FormattedText(kName, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture,FlowDirection.LeftToRight,new Typeface("Arial"),16,Brushes.Black,1.25);
104 var lineX = int.Parse(linePosition);
105 var lineY = int.Parse(linePosition);
106 if (subwayLine.LineNumber == "1")
107 {
108 lineX = lineX - 10;
109 lineY = lineY + 20;
110 }
111 Geometry geometry = lineNameText.BuildGeometry(new System.Windows.Point(lineX, lineY));
112 lineNamePath.Data=geometry;
113 lineNamePath.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(System.Windows.Media.Color.FromArgb(color.A, color.R, color.G, color.B));
114 this.subwayBox.Children.Add(lineNamePath);
115 }
116 }
117 }
118 }
效果展示
本示例效果图如下所示:
https://img2023.cnblogs.com/blog/1068941/202305/1068941-20230531235824828-1562507048.png
在获取的JSON文件中,有些属性名都是简写,所以在编写示例代码过程中,对有些属性的理解并不准确,需要不断测试优化,绘制出的地铁路线图可能与实际存在稍微的差异,如站点名称,路线名称等内容的位置。
以上就是本篇文章的全部内容,旨在学习分享,传播知识。
免责声明:如果侵犯了您的权益,请联系站长,我们会及时删除侵权内容,谢谢合作!
页:
[1]