【Python】PyWebIO 初体验：用 Python 写网页
媒介前两天正在逛 Github，偶然看到一个很故意思的项目：PyWebIo。
这是一个 Python 第三方库，可以只用 Python 语言写出一个网页，而且支持 Flask，Django，Tornado 等 web 框架。
甚至，它可以支持数据可视化图表的绘制，还提供了一行函数渲染 Markdown 文本。
那么话不多说，正片开始——
仓库地址：https://github.com/pywebio/PyWebIO
1 利用方法
1.1 安装 Pywebio
打开 CMD，在里面输入以下代码：
pip install pywebio
如果速度太慢，建议利用国内镜像：
pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple pywebio
1.2 输出内容
[*]put_text() 输出文字
[*]put_table() 输出表格
[*]put_markdown() 输出 markdown 内容
[*]put_file() 输出文件下载链接
[*]put_image() 输出图片
[*]put_button() 输出按钮
请看示例步伐：
from pywebio.output import *
def main():
# 文本输出
put_text("Hello world!")
# 表格输出
put_table([
['商品', '价格'],
['苹果', '5.5'],
['香蕉', '7'],
])
# Markdown输出
put_markdown('~~删除线~~')
# 文件输出
put_file('hello_word.txt', b'hello word!')
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/0f0b994d76fc0d1a346175ca1e9ae504.png
1.3 输入内容
[*]input() 和 python 一样的函数欸
from pywebio.input import *
def main():
name = input("请输入你的名字：")
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/4119b8038ee5d4079ff2835ed8d48371.gif
2 示例步伐
这些都是官方给出的实例，代码都不到 100 行！
官方项目地址：https://pywebio-demos.pywebio.online/
2.1 BMI 盘算器
from pywebio.input import input, FLOAT
from pywebio.output import put_text
def bmi():
height = input("Your Height(cm)：", type=FLOAT)
weight = input("Your Weight(kg)：", type=FLOAT)
BMI = weight / (height / 100) ** 2
top_status = [(14.9, 'Severely underweight'), (18.4, 'Underweight'),
(22.9, 'Normal'), (27.5, 'Overweight'),
(40.0, 'Moderately obese'), (float('inf'), 'Severely obese')]
for top, status in top_status:
if BMI <= top:
put_text('Your BMI: %.1f, category: %s' % (BMI, status))
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
bmi()
https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/c4e029ef5e65576a9ea80647a1b0e2f3.gif
2.2 Markdown 编辑器
from pywebio import start_server
from pywebio.output import *
from pywebio.pin import *
from pywebio.session import set_env, download
def main():
"""Markdown Previewer"""
set_env(output_animation=False)
put_markdown("""# Markdown Live Preview
The online markdown editor with live preview. The source code of this application is (https://github.com/wang0618/PyWebIO/blob/dev/demos/markdown_previewer.py).
## Write your Markdown
""")
put_textarea('md_text', rows=18, code={'mode': 'markdown'})
put_buttons(['Download content'], lambda _: download('saved.md', pin.md_text.encode('utf8')), small=True)
put_markdown('## Preview')
while True:
change_detail = pin_wait_change('md_text')
with use_scope('md', clear=True):
put_markdown(change_detail['value'], sanitize=False)
if __name__ == '__main__':
start_server(main, port=8080, debug=True)
https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/ee34d02ab40a1bea1afbc2b10b185b7a.gif
2.3 聊天室
import asyncio
from pywebio import start_server
from pywebio.input import *
from pywebio.output import *
from pywebio.session import defer_call, info as session_info, run_async
MAX_MESSAGES_CNT = 10 ** 4
chat_msgs = []# The chat message history. The item is (name, message content)
online_users = set()
def t(eng, chinese):
"""return English or Chinese text according to the user's browser language"""
return chinese if 'zh' in session_info.user_language else eng
async def refresh_msg(my_name):
"""send new message to current session"""
global chat_msgs
last_idx = len(chat_msgs)
while True:
await asyncio.sleep(0.5)
for m in chat_msgs:
if m != my_name:# only refresh message that not sent by current user
put_markdown('`%s`: %s' % m, sanitize=True, scope='msg-box')
# remove expired message
if len(chat_msgs) > MAX_MESSAGES_CNT:
chat_msgs = chat_msgs
last_idx = len(chat_msgs)
async def main():
"""PyWebIO chat room
You can chat with everyone currently online.
"""
global chat_msgs
put_markdown(t("## PyWebIO chat room\nWelcome to the chat room, you can chat with all the people currently online. You can open this page in multiple tabs of your browser to simulate a multi-user environment. This application uses less than 90 lines of code, the source code is (https://github.com/wang0618/PyWebIO/blob/dev/demos/chat_room.py)", "## PyWebIO聊天室\n欢迎来到聊天室，你可以和当前所有在线的人聊天。你可以在浏览器的多个标签页中打开本页面来测试聊天效果。本应用使用不到90行代码实现，源代码[链接](https://github.com/wang0618/PyWebIO/blob/dev/demos/chat_room.py)"))
put_scrollable(put_scope('msg-box'), height=300, keep_bottom=True)
nickname = await input(t("Your nickname", "请输入你的昵称"), required=True, validate=lambda n: t('This name is already been used', '昵称已被使用') if n in online_users or n == '
页:
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