Socket编程 (毗连,发送消息) (Tcp、Udp) - Part1
Socket编程 (毗连,发送消息) (Tcp、Udp)本篇文章主要实现Socket在Tcp\Udp协议下相互通讯的方式。(服务器端与客户端的通讯)
1.基于Tcp协议的Socket通讯雷同于B/S架构,面向毗连,但差别的是服务器端可以向客户端主动推送消息。
利用Tcp协议通讯必要具备以下几个条件:
(1).创建一个套接字(Socket)
(2).绑定服务器端IP地址及端口号–服务器端
(3).利用Listen()方法开启监听–服务器端
(4).利用Accept()方法尝试与客户端创建一个毗连–服务器端
(5).利用Connect()方法与服务器创建毗连–客户端
(5).利用Send()方法向创建毗连的主机发送消息
(6).利用Recive()方法接受来自创建毗连的主机的消息(可靠毗连)
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/47a6f560ec6b458cbb579ee9e2a1ef27.png
2.基于Udp协议是无毗连模式通讯,占用资源少,相应速度快,延时低。至于可靠性,可通过应用层的控制来满足。(不可靠毗连)
(1).创建一个套接字(Socket)
(2).绑定服务器端IP地址及端口号–服务器端
(3).通过SendTo()方法向指定主机发送消息(需提供主机IP地址及端口)
(4).通过ReciveFrom()方法吸收指定主机发送的消息(需提供主机IP地址及端口)
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/e3077e7d742e44daafbf77d50a7b19cb.png
1、服务端
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
#region 命名空间
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Threading;
#endregion
namespace SocketServerConsole
{
class Program
{
#region 控制台主函数
/// <summary>
/// 控制台主函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="args"></param>
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//主机IP
IPEndPoint serverIP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.105"), 8686);
Console.WriteLine("请选择连接方式:");
Console.WriteLine("A.Tcp");
Console.WriteLine("B.Udp");
ConsoleKey key;
while (true)
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
if (key == ConsoleKey.A) TcpServer(serverIP);
else if (key == ConsoleKey.B) UdpServer(serverIP);
else
{
Console.WriteLine("输入有误,请重新输入:");
continue;
}
break;
}
}
#endregion
#region Tcp连接方式
/// <summary>
/// Tcp连接方式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serverIP"></param>
public static void TcpServer(IPEndPoint serverIP)
{
Console.WriteLine("客户端Tcp连接模式");
Socket tcpServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
tcpServer.Bind(serverIP);
tcpServer.Listen(100);
Console.WriteLine("开启监听...");
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
try
{
TcpRecive(tcpServer.Accept());
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
}
}).Start();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入\"Q\"键退出。");
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
tcpServer.Close();
}
public static void TcpRecive(Socket tcpClient)
{
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
byte[] data = new byte;
try
{
int length = tcpClient.Receive(data);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("收到消息:{0}", Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
string sendMsg = "收到消息!";
tcpClient.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMsg));
}
}).Start();
}
#endregion
#region Udp连接方式
/// <summary>
/// Udp连接方式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serverIP"></param>
public static void UdpServer(IPEndPoint serverIP)
{
Console.WriteLine("客户端Udp模式");
Socket udpServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
udpServer.Bind(serverIP);
IPEndPoint ipep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)ipep;
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
byte[] data = new byte;
try
{
int length = udpServer.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);//接受来自服务器的数据
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
string sendMsg = "收到消息!";
udpServer.SendTo(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMsg), SocketFlags.None, Remote);
}
}).Start();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入\"Q\"键退出。");
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
udpServer.Close();
}
#endregion
}
}
2、客户端
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
#region 命名空间
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.Threading;
#endregion
namespace SocketClientConsole
{
class Program
{
#region 控制台主函数
/// <summary>
/// 控制台主函数
/// </summary>
/// <param name="args"></param>
static void Main(string[] args)
{
//主机IP
IPEndPoint serverIP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.77"), 8686);
Console.WriteLine("请选择连接方式:");
Console.WriteLine("A.Tcp");
Console.WriteLine("B.Udp");
ConsoleKey key;
while (true)
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
if (key == ConsoleKey.A) TcpServer(serverIP);
else if (key == ConsoleKey.B) UdpClient(serverIP);
else
{
Console.WriteLine("输入有误,请重新输入:");
continue;
}
break;
}
}
#endregion
#region Tcp连接方式
/// <summary>
/// Tcp连接方式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serverIP"></param>
public static void TcpServer(IPEndPoint serverIP)
{
Console.WriteLine("客户端Tcp连接模式");
Socket tcpClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
try
{
tcpClient.Connect(serverIP);
}
catch (SocketException e)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("连接出错:{0}", e.Message));
Console.WriteLine("点击任何键退出!");
Console.ReadKey();
return;
}
Console.WriteLine("客户端:client-->server");
string message = "我上线了...";
tcpClient.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message));
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("发送消息:{0}", message));
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
byte[] data = new byte;
try
{
int length = tcpClient.Receive(data);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
}
}).Start();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入\"Q\"键退出。");
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
tcpClient.Close();
}
#endregion
#region Udp连接方式
/// <summary>
/// Udp连接方式
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serverIP"></param>
public static void UdpClient(IPEndPoint serverIP)
{
Console.WriteLine("客户端Udp模式");
Socket udpClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
string message = "我上线了...";
udpClient.SendTo(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message), SocketFlags.None, serverIP);
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("发送消息:{0}", message));
IPEndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)sender;
new Thread(() =>
{
while (true)
{
byte[] data = new byte;
try
{
int length = udpClient.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);//接受来自服务器的数据
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
break;
}
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
}
}).Start();
Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入\"Q\"键退出。");
ConsoleKey key;
do
{
key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
} while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
udpClient.Close();
}
#endregion
}
}
Tcp协议下通讯结果如下图:
客户端:
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/577a585a5c004247ae0c807da6ec6dc9.png
服务器端:
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/2973aba6818b4a2cbe7591899c73bedc.png
基于Udp协议下通讯结果如下图:
客户端:https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/7c59f18e81e14181ab70970e4e125988.png
服务器端:
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/78d37b601b6d4d4d83cc66729d205cc9.png
总结
Tcp协议相对通讯来说相对可靠,信息不易丢失,Tcp协议发送消息,发送失败时会重复发送消息等原因。所以对于要求通讯安全较高的程序来说,选择Tcp协议的通讯相对符合。Upd协议通讯个人是比力推荐的,占用资源小,低延时,相应速度快。至于可靠性是可以通过一些应用层加以封装控制得到相应的满足。
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