物联网RemoteView(kotlin) - Powered by Discuz! Archiver

熊熊出没 发表于 2024-10-10 00:09:44

RemoteView(kotlin)

使用场景：关照栏&桌面部件

自界说关照栏

[*]关照权限申请
manifest设置
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />
权限动态申请
package com.example.kotlinlearn.Common;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.widget.Toast;

import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity;
import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResult;
import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultCallback;
import androidx.activity.result.ActivityResultLauncher;
import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class PermissionUtils {
private static PermissionUtils permissionUtils;
private String[] permissions = {
         Manifest.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS
};

private List<String> permissionList = new ArrayList<>();

private ActivityResultLauncher<String[]> permissionLauncher;

public static synchronized PermissionUtils getInstance() {
   if (permissionUtils == null) {
         permissionUtils = new PermissionUtils();
   }
   return permissionUtils;
}

private PermissionUtils() {
}

public void checkPermission(ComponentActivity activity) {
   permissionList.clear(); // Clear previous permission requests

   // Initialize the launcher if not already initialized
   if (permissionLauncher == null) {
         initLaunchers(activity);
   }

   for (String permission : permissions) {
         if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(activity, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
            permissionList.add(permission);
         }
   }
   permissionLauncher.launch(permissionList.toArray(new String));

}

private void initLaunchers(ComponentActivity activity) {
   // Initialize the launcher for requesting permissions
   permissionLauncher = activity.registerForActivityResult(
            new ActivityResultContracts.RequestMultiplePermissions(),
            new ActivityResultCallback<Map<String, Boolean>>() {
               @Override
               public void onActivityResult(Map<String, Boolean> result) {
               }
            }
   );
}
}

[*]实现关照
package com.example.kotlinlearn.RemoteView

import android.app.NotificationChannel
import android.app.NotificationManager
import android.app.PendingIntent
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.graphics.Color
import android.os.Build
import android.widget.RemoteViews
import androidx.core.app.NotificationCompat
import com.example.kotlinlearn.R

object NotificationUtil {
private const val CHANNEL_ID = "my_channel_id"
private const val CHANNEL_NAME = "My Channel"

fun showCustomNotification(context: Context) {
   // 创建通知渠道（仅适用于 Android O 及以上版本）
   if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
         val channel = NotificationChannel(
            CHANNEL_ID, CHANNEL_NAME,
            NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_DEFAULT
         ).apply {
            enableLights(true)
            lightColor = Color.RED
            enableVibration(true)
         }
         val notificationManager = context.getSystemService(NotificationManager::class.java)
         notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel)
   }

   // 创建 RemoteView
   val remoteViews = RemoteViews(context.packageName, R.layout.notification_layout).apply {
         setTextViewText(R.id.notification_title, "自定义通知标题")
         setTextViewText(R.id.notification_content, "这是自定义通知内容")
   }

   // 设置点击通知的行为
   val intent = Intent(context, RemoteViewActivity::class.java)
   val pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
         context,
         0,
         intent,
         PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT or PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE
   )

   val notification = NotificationCompat.Builder(context, CHANNEL_ID)
         .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher_foreground)
         .setCustomContentView(remoteViews)
         .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
         .build()

   val manager = context.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE) as NotificationManager
   manager.notify(1, notification)
}
}

[*]activity中申请权限后直接调用就行
package com.example.kotlinlearn.RemoteView

import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Button
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import com.example.kotlinlearn.Common.PermissionUtils
import com.example.kotlinlearn.R

class RemoteViewActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
   PermissionUtils.getInstance().checkPermission(this)
   setContentView(R.layout.activity_remote_view)
   var button = findViewById<Button>(R.id.button)
   button.setOnClickListener {
         NotificationUtil.showCustomNotification(this);
   }
}
}

效果
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/5e14d828377d481fb166e3ea9470485b.png
自界说桌面小组件

[*]界说组件的布局样式widget_layout.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
android:padding="16dp">

<TextView
   android:id="@+id/widget_text"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:text="Hello Widget"
   android:textSize="18sp" />

<Button
   android:id="@+id/widget_button"
   android:layout_width="wrap_content"
   android:layout_height="wrap_content"
   android:text="Update" />
</LinearLayout>

[*]MyWidgetProvider,必要继续自AppWidgetProvider
package com.example.kotlinlearn.RemoteView

import android.app.PendingIntent
import android.appwidget.AppWidgetManager
import android.appwidget.AppWidgetProvider
import android.content.ComponentName
import android.content.Context
import android.content.Intent
import android.widget.RemoteViews
import com.example.kotlinlearn.R
import java.util.Random

class MyWidgetProvider : AppWidgetProvider() {
override fun onUpdate(
   context: Context,
   appWidgetManager: AppWidgetManager,
   appWidgetIds: IntArray
) {
   for (appWidgetId in appWidgetIds) {
         val views = RemoteViews(context.packageName, R.layout.widget_layout)
         val intent = Intent(context, MyWidgetProvider::class.java)
         intent.setAction(BUTTON_CLICKED)
         val pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(
            context,
            0,
            intent,
            PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT or PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE
         )
         views.setOnClickPendingIntent(R.id.widget_button, pendingIntent)
         appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(appWidgetId, views)
   }
}

override fun onReceive(context: Context, intent: Intent) {
   super.onReceive(context, intent)
   if (BUTTON_CLICKED == intent.action) {
         val appWidgetManager = AppWidgetManager.getInstance(context)
         val views = RemoteViews(context.packageName, R.layout.widget_layout)
         views.setTextViewText(R.id.widget_text, "Updated!" + Random().nextInt())
         val componentName = ComponentName(context, MyWidgetProvider::class.java)
         appWidgetManager.updateAppWidget(componentName, views)
   }
}

companion object {
   private const val BUTTON_CLICKED = "com.example.BUTTON_CLICKED"
}
}

[*]在res/xml下创建组件的属性文件my_widget_info.xml，包罗大小等值
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<appwidget-provider xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:minWidth="125dp"
android:minHeight="50dp"
android:updatePeriodMillis="86400000"
android:initialLayout="@layout/widget_layout" />

[*]在manifest中设置receiver，与activity同级
   <receiver android:name=".RemoteView.MyWidgetProvider" android:exported="true">
         <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="android.appwidget.action.APPWIDGET_UPDATE" />
         </intent-filter>

         <meta-data
            android:name="android.appwidget.provider"
            android:resource="@xml/my_widget_info" />
   </receiver>
效果
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/dbb40443bf004c479328c4683aa8aaf4.png
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/d2a6f56daea8488a8ff3e34f225147f5.png
点击后text会显示随机的数字。
原理

[*]可以很简单的看到，RemoteViews实现了Parcelable，所以是可序列化的，可以在进程之间传递。
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/e9ebbbccfafc4b26a96ed1c933f0fe68.png
[*]在官网可以看到，RemoteViews只支持基础的view，不支持自界说view，支持的布局以及组件如下所示
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/b64d60406b144755858eab1a401d4088.png
[*]从上面的代码示例中可以知道，在更改组件属性时使用的是setTextViewText，而不是findById。
https://i-blog.csdnimg.cn/direct/8e3c8c8ee3764e6998d5ed5484d4a886.png
从以上的调用链可以知道，view的设置被封装在反射对象，存在mActions中，是在接收者进行真正的设置。
可以在Action的子类中找到getMethod(view, this.methodName, param, false /* async */).invoke(view, value);，接收者正是通过反射的方式调用action中封装的view设置方法。

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RemoteView(kotlin)