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标题: FastAPI测试战略：参数解析单元测试 [打印本页]
作者: 西河刘卡车医    时间: 7 天前
标题: FastAPI测试战略：参数解析单元测试


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第一章：核心测试方法论

1.1 三层测试体系架构
  1. # 第一层：模型级测试
  2. def test_user_model_validation():
  3.     with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
  4.         User(age=-5)
  7. # 第二层：依赖项测试
  8. def test_auth_dependency():
  9.     assert auth_dependency(valid_token).status == "active"
  12. # 第三层：端点集成测试
  13. def test_user_endpoint():
  14.     response = client.get("/users/1")
  15.     assert response.json()["id"] == 1
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1.2 参数化测试模式
  1. import pytest
  4. @pytest.mark.parametrize("input,expected", [
  5.     ("admin", 200),
  6.     ("guest", 403),
  7.     ("invalid", 401)
  8. ])
  9. def test_role_based_access(input, expected):
  10.     response = client.get(
  11.         "/admin",
  12.         headers={"X-Role": input}
  13.     )
  14.     assert response.status_code == expected
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第二章：请求模仿技术

2.1 多协议请求构造
  1. from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
  4. def test_multi_part_form():
  5.     response = TestClient(app).post(
  6.         "/upload",
  7.         files={"file": ("test.txt", b"content")},
  8.         data={"name": "test"}
  9.     )
  10.     assert response.status_code == 201
  13. def test_graphql_query():
  14.     response = client.post(
  15.         "/graphql",
  16.         json={"query": "query { user(id:1) { name } }"}
  17.     )
  18.     assert "errors" not in response.json()
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2.2 动态Header注入
  1. class AuthTestClient(TestClient):
  2.     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
  3.         super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
  4.         self.token = generate_test_token()
  6.     def get(self, url, **kwargs):
  7.         headers = kwargs.setdefault("headers", {})
  8.         headers.setdefault("Authorization", f"Bearer {self.token}")
  9.         return super().get(url, **kwargs)
  12. test_client = AuthTestClient(app)
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第三章：Pydantic深度测试

3.1 自界说验证器测试
  1. def test_custom_validator():
  2.     with pytest.raises(ValidationError) as excinfo:
  3.         Product(stock=-10)
  5.     assert "库存不能为负" in str(excinfo.value)
  8. def test_regex_validation():
  9.     valid = {"email": "test@example.com"}
  10.     invalid = {"email": "invalid-email"}
  12.     assert EmailRequest(**valid)
  13.     with pytest.raises(ValidationError):
  14.         EmailRequest(**invalid)
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3.2 模型继承测试
  1. class BaseUserTest:
  2.     @pytest.fixture
  3.     def model_class(self):
  4.         return BaseUser
  7. class TestAdminUser(BaseUserTest):
  8.     @pytest.fixture
  9.     def model_class(self):
  10.         return AdminUser
  12.     def test_admin_privilege(self, model_class):
  13.         user = model_class(role="super_admin")
  14.         assert user.has_privilege("all")
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第四章：测试覆盖率优化

4.1 边界条件覆盖战略

[code]# 使用hypothesis天生测试数据from hypothesis import given, strategies as st@given(st.integers(min_value=0, max_value=150))def test_age_validation(age):    assert 0



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