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标题: 整理spring-web里支持的文件以及对应的Content-Type [打印本页]

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作者: 拉不拉稀肚拉稀    时间: 2023-6-17 18:57
标题: 整理spring-web里支持的文件以及对应的Content-Type
前言

最近在弄文件上传、下载、在线预览时经常需要设置请求标头或者响应标头的Content-Type 属性。所以研究了一下spring支持哪些Content-Type，通过研究MediaTypeFactory.getMediaType的源码，可以得知spring是将支持的Content-Type 维护在/org/springframework/http/mime.types文件中。

1. private static MultiValueMap<String, MediaType> parseMimeTypes() {
2.         InputStream is = MediaTypeFactory.class.getResourceAsStream("/org/springframework/http/mime.types");
4.         try {
5.             BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII));
6.             Throwable var2 = null;
8.             try {
9.                 MultiValueMap<String, MediaType> result = new LinkedMultiValueMap();
11.                 label111:
12.                 while(true) {
13.                     String line;
14.                     if ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
15.                         if (line.isEmpty() || line.charAt(0) == '#') {
16.                             continue;
17.                         }
19.                         String[] tokens = StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(line, " \t\n\r\f");
20.                         MediaType mediaType = MediaType.parseMediaType(tokens[0]);
21.                         int i = 1;
23.                         while(true) {
24.                             if (i >= tokens.length) {
25.                                 continue label111;
26.                             }
28.                             String fileExtension = tokens[i].toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
29.                             result.add(fileExtension, mediaType);
30.                             ++i;
31.                         }
32.                     }
34.                     LinkedMultiValueMap var5 = result;
35.                     return var5;
36.                 }
37.             } catch (Throwable var17) {
38.                 var2 = var17;
39.                 throw var17;
40.             } finally {
41.                 if (reader != null) {
42.                     if (var2 != null) {
43.                         try {
44.                             reader.close();
45.                         } catch (Throwable var16) {
46.                             var2.addSuppressed(var16);
47.                         }
48.                     } else {
49.                         reader.close();
50.                     }
51.                 }
53.             }
54.         } catch (IOException var19) {
55.             throw new IllegalStateException("Could not load '/org/springframework/http/mime.types'", var19);
56.         }
57.     }

复制代码

通过上面查找文件的路径找到了org.springframework:spring-web包下http目录中的mime.types文件

结果打开后居然发现 有多达1838个Content-Type，不过许多都是被注释掉的。过滤掉被注释的最终能被获取出来的一共是982个，本着好记性不如烂笔头的精神，我把这982个Content-Type已经它对应的文件后缀，整理了一下，形成了下面的表格，也方便以后查阅。
mime.types文件：

​spring-web将mime.types文件加载到这个map里

spring-web里支持的文件以及对应的Content-Type

文件类型MIME Typeezapplication/andrew-insetawapplication/applixwareatomapplication/atom+xmlatomcatapplication/atomcat+xmlatomsvcapplication/atomsvc+xmlccxmlapplication/ccxml+xmlcdmiaapplication/cdmi-capabilitycdmicapplication/cdmi-containercdmidapplication/cdmi-domaincdmioapplication/cdmi-objectcdmiqapplication/cdmi-queuecuapplication/cu-seemedavmountapplication/davmount+xmldbkapplication/docbook+xmldsscapplication/dssc+derxdsscapplication/dssc+xmlecmaapplication/ecmascriptemmaapplication/emma+xmlepubapplication/epub+zipexiapplication/exipfrapplication/font-tdpfrwoffapplication/font-woffgmlapplication/gml+xmlgpxapplication/gpx+xmlgxfapplication/gxfstkapplication/hyperstudioinkapplication/inkml+xmlinkmlapplication/inkml+xmlipfixapplication/ipfixjarapplication/java-archiveserapplication/java-serialized-objectclassapplication/java-vmjsapplication/javascriptjsonapplication/jsonjsonmlapplication/jsonml+jsonlostxmlapplication/lost+xmlhqxapplication/mac-binhex40cptapplication/mac-compactpromadsapplication/mads+xmlmrcapplication/marcmrcxapplication/marcxml+xmlmaapplication/mathematicanbapplication/mathematicambapplication/mathematicamathmlapplication/mathml+xmlmboxapplication/mboxmscmlapplication/mediaservercontrol+xmlmetalinkapplication/metalink+xmlmeta4application/metalink4+xmlmetsapplication/mets+xmlmodsapplication/mods+xmlm21application/mp21mp21application/mp21mp4sapplication/mp4docapplication/msworddotapplication/mswordmxfapplication/mxfbinapplication/octet-streamdmsapplication/octet-streamlrfapplication/octet-streammarapplication/octet-streamsoapplication/octet-streamdistapplication/octet-streamdistzapplication/octet-streampkgapplication/octet-streambpkapplication/octet-streamdumpapplication/octet-streamelcapplication/octet-streamdeployapplication/octet-streamodaapplication/odaopfapplication/oebps-package+xmlogxapplication/oggomdocapplication/omdoc+xmlonetocapplication/onenoteonetoc2application/onenoteonetmpapplication/onenoteonepkgapplication/onenoteoxpsapplication/oxpsxerapplication/patch-ops-error+xmlpdfapplication/pdfpgpapplication/pgp-encryptedascapplication/pgp-signaturesigapplication/pgp-signatureprfapplication/pics-rulesp10application/pkcs10p7mapplication/pkcs7-mimep7capplication/pkcs7-mimep7sapplication/pkcs7-signaturep8application/pkcs8acapplication/pkix-attr-certcerapplication/pkix-certcrlapplication/pkix-crlpkipathapplication/pkix-pkipathpkiapplication/pkixcmpplsapplication/pls+xmlaiapplication/postscriptepsapplication/postscriptpsapplication/postscriptcwwapplication/prs.cwwpskcxmlapplication/pskc+xmlrdfapplication/rdf+xmlrifapplication/reginfo+xmlrncapplication/relax-ng-compact-syntaxrlapplication/resource-lists+xmlrldapplication/resource-lists-diff+xmlrsapplication/rls-services+xmlgbrapplication/rpki-ghostbustersmftapplication/rpki-manifestroaapplication/rpki-roarsdapplication/rsd+xmlrssapplication/rss+xmlrtfapplication/rtfsbmlapplication/sbml+xmlscqapplication/scvp-cv-requestscsapplication/scvp-cv-responsespqapplication/scvp-vp-requestsppapplication/scvp-vp-responsesdpapplication/sdpsetpayapplication/set-payment-initiationsetregapplication/set-registration-initiationshfapplication/shf+xmlsmiapplication/smil+xmlsmilapplication/smil+xmlrqapplication/sparql-querysrxapplication/sparql-results+xmlgramapplication/srgsgrxmlapplication/srgs+xmlsruapplication/sru+xmlssdlapplication/ssdl+xmlssmlapplication/ssml+xmlteiapplication/tei+xmlteicorpusapplication/tei+xmltfiapplication/thraud+xmltsdapplication/timestamped-dataplbapplication/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-largepsbapplication/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-smallpvbapplication/vnd.3gpp.pic-bw-vartcapapplication/vnd.3gpp2.tcappwnapplication/vnd.3m.post-it-notesasoapplication/vnd.accpac.simply.asoimpapplication/vnd.accpac.simply.impacuapplication/vnd.acucobolatcapplication/vnd.acucorpacutcapplication/vnd.acucorpairapplication/vnd.adobe.air-application-installer-package+zipfcdtapplication/vnd.adobe.formscentral.fcdtfxpapplication/vnd.adobe.fxpfxplapplication/vnd.adobe.fxpxdpapplication/vnd.adobe.xdp+xmlxfdfapplication/vnd.adobe.xfdfaheadapplication/vnd.ahead.spaceazfapplication/vnd.airzip.filesecure.azfazsapplication/vnd.airzip.filesecure.azsazwapplication/vnd.amazon.ebookaccapplication/vnd.americandynamics.accamiapplication/vnd.amiga.amiapkapplication/vnd.android.package-archiveciiapplication/vnd.anser-web-certificate-issue-initiationftiapplication/vnd.anser-web-funds-transfer-initiationatxapplication/vnd.antix.game-componentmpkgapplication/vnd.apple.installer+xmlm3u8application/vnd.apple.mpegurlswiapplication/vnd.aristanetworks.swiiotaapplication/vnd.astraea-software.iotaaepapplication/vnd.audiographmpmapplication/vnd.blueice.multipassbmiapplication/vnd.bmirepapplication/vnd.businessobjectscdxmlapplication/vnd.chemdraw+xmlmmdapplication/vnd.chipnuts.karaoke-mmdcdyapplication/vnd.cinderellaclaapplication/vnd.claymorerp9application/vnd.cloanto.rp9c4gapplication/vnd.clonk.c4groupc4dapplication/vnd.clonk.c4groupc4fapplication/vnd.clonk.c4groupc4papplication/vnd.clonk.c4groupc4uapplication/vnd.clonk.c4groupc11amcapplication/vnd.cluetrust.cartomobile-configc11amzapplication/vnd.cluetrust.cartomobile-config-pkgcspapplication/vnd.commonspacecdbcmsgapplication/vnd.contact.cmsgcmcapplication/vnd.cosmocallerclkxapplication/vnd.crick.clickerclkkapplication/vnd.crick.clicker.keyboardclkpapplication/vnd.crick.clicker.paletteclktapplication/vnd.crick.clicker.templateclkwapplication/vnd.crick.clicker.wordbankwbsapplication/vnd.criticaltools.wbs+xmlpmlapplication/vnd.ctc-posmlppdapplication/vnd.cups-ppdcarapplication/vnd.curl.carpcurlapplication/vnd.curl.pcurldartapplication/vnd.dartrdzapplication/vnd.data-vision.rdzuvfapplication/vnd.dece.datauvvfapplication/vnd.dece.datauvdapplication/vnd.dece.datauvvdapplication/vnd.dece.datauvtapplication/vnd.dece.ttml+xmluvvtapplication/vnd.dece.ttml+xmluvxapplication/vnd.dece.unspecifieduvvxapplication/vnd.dece.unspecifieduvzapplication/vnd.dece.zipuvvzapplication/vnd.dece.zipfe_launchapplication/vnd.denovo.fcselayout-linkdnaapplication/vnd.dnamlpapplication/vnd.dolby.mlpdpgapplication/vnd.dpgraphdfacapplication/vnd.dreamfactorykpxxapplication/vnd.ds-keypointaitapplication/vnd.dvb.aitsvcapplication/vnd.dvb.servicegeoapplication/vnd.dynageomagapplication/vnd.ecowin.chartnmlapplication/vnd.enlivenesfapplication/vnd.epson.esfmsfapplication/vnd.epson.msfqamapplication/vnd.epson.quickanimesltapplication/vnd.epson.saltssfapplication/vnd.epson.ssfes3application/vnd.eszigno3+xmlet3application/vnd.eszigno3+xmlez2application/vnd.ezpix-albumez3application/vnd.ezpix-packagefdfapplication/vnd.fdfmseedapplication/vnd.fdsn.mseedseedapplication/vnd.fdsn.seeddatalessapplication/vnd.fdsn.seedgphapplication/vnd.flographitftcapplication/vnd.fluxtime.clipfmapplication/vnd.framemakerframeapplication/vnd.framemakermakerapplication/vnd.framemakerbookapplication/vnd.framemakerfncapplication/vnd.frogans.fncltfapplication/vnd.frogans.ltffscapplication/vnd.fsc.weblaunchoasapplication/vnd.fujitsu.oasysoa2application/vnd.fujitsu.oasys2oa3application/vnd.fujitsu.oasys3fg5application/vnd.fujitsu.oasysgpbh2application/vnd.fujitsu.oasysprsdddapplication/vnd.fujixerox.dddxdwapplication/vnd.fujixerox.docuworksxbdapplication/vnd.fujixerox.docuworks.binderfzsapplication/vnd.fuzzysheettxdapplication/vnd.genomatix.tuxedoggbapplication/vnd.geogebra.fileggtapplication/vnd.geogebra.toolgexapplication/vnd.geometry-explorergreapplication/vnd.geometry-explorergxtapplication/vnd.geonextg2wapplication/vnd.geoplang3wapplication/vnd.geospacegmxapplication/vnd.gmxkmlapplication/vnd.google-earth.kml+xmlkmzapplication/vnd.google-earth.kmzgqfapplication/vnd.grafeqgqsapplication/vnd.grafeqgacapplication/vnd.groove-accountghfapplication/vnd.groove-helpgimapplication/vnd.groove-identity-messagegrvapplication/vnd.groove-injectorgtmapplication/vnd.groove-tool-messagetplapplication/vnd.groove-tool-templatevcgapplication/vnd.groove-vcardhalapplication/vnd.hal+xmlzmmapplication/vnd.handheld-entertainment+xmlhbciapplication/vnd.hbcilesapplication/vnd.hhe.lesson-playerhpglapplication/vnd.hp-hpglhpidapplication/vnd.hp-hpidhpsapplication/vnd.hp-hpsjltapplication/vnd.hp-jlytpclapplication/vnd.hp-pclpclxlapplication/vnd.hp-pclxlsfd-hdstxapplication/vnd.hydrostatix.sof-datampyapplication/vnd.ibm.minipayafpapplication/vnd.ibm.modcaplistafpapplication/vnd.ibm.modcaplist3820application/vnd.ibm.modcapirmapplication/vnd.ibm.rights-managementscapplication/vnd.ibm.secure-containericcapplication/vnd.iccprofileicmapplication/vnd.iccprofileiglapplication/vnd.igloaderivpapplication/vnd.immervision-ivpivuapplication/vnd.immervision-ivuigmapplication/vnd.insors.igmxpwapplication/vnd.intercon.formnetxpxapplication/vnd.intercon.formneti2gapplication/vnd.intergeoqboapplication/vnd.intu.qboqfxapplication/vnd.intu.qfxrcprofileapplication/vnd.ipunplugged.rcprofileirpapplication/vnd.irepository.package+xmlxprapplication/vnd.is-xprfcsapplication/vnd.isac.fcsjamapplication/vnd.jamrmsapplication/vnd.jcp.javame.midlet-rmsjispapplication/vnd.jispjodaapplication/vnd.joost.joda-archivektzapplication/vnd.kahootzktrapplication/vnd.kahootzkarbonapplication/vnd.kde.karbonchrtapplication/vnd.kde.kchartkfoapplication/vnd.kde.kformulaflwapplication/vnd.kde.kiviokonapplication/vnd.kde.kontourkprapplication/vnd.kde.kpresenterkptapplication/vnd.kde.kpresenterkspapplication/vnd.kde.kspreadkwdapplication/vnd.kde.kwordkwtapplication/vnd.kde.kwordhtkeapplication/vnd.kenameaappkiaapplication/vnd.kidspirationkneapplication/vnd.kinarknpapplication/vnd.kinarskpapplication/vnd.koanskdapplication/vnd.koansktapplication/vnd.koanskmapplication/vnd.koansseapplication/vnd.kodak-descriptorlasxmlapplication/vnd.las.las+xmllbdapplication/vnd.llamagraphics.life-balance.desktoplbeapplication/vnd.llamagraphics.life-balance.exchange+xml123application/vnd.lotus-1-2-3aprapplication/vnd.lotus-approachpreapplication/vnd.lotus-freelancensfapplication/vnd.lotus-notesorgapplication/vnd.lotus-organizerscmapplication/vnd.lotus-screencamlwpapplication/vnd.lotus-wordproportpkgapplication/vnd.macports.portp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1、使用spring-web包下MediaTypeFactory

MediaTypeFactory是spring-web包下的工具类，需要在pom引用spring-web包，本例使用的是：

1. <dependency>
2.       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
3.       <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
4.       <version> 2.2.4.RELEASE</version>
5.     </dependency>

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从源码中可以看到MediaTypeFactory一共提供了三个对外方法，支持通过传入文件名或者Resource对象来获取Content-Type：

1. public static Optional<MediaType> getMediaType(@Nullable Resource resource) {
2.         return Optional.ofNullable(resource).map(Resource::getFilename).flatMap(MediaTypeFactory::getMediaType);
3.     }
5.     public static Optional<MediaType> getMediaType(@Nullable String filename) {
6.         return getMediaTypes(filename).stream().findFirst();
7.     }
9.     public static List<MediaType> getMediaTypes(@Nullable String filename) {
10.         Optional var10000 = Optional.ofNullable(StringUtils.getFilenameExtension(filename)).map((s) -> {
11.             return s.toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH);
12.         });
13.         MultiValueMap var10001 = fileExtensionToMediaTypes;
14.         var10001.getClass();
15.         return (List)var10000.map(var10001::get).orElse(Collections.emptyList());
16.     }

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我们用传入文件名的方式测试一下：

1. public static void main(String[] args) {
2.         MediaType mediaType = MediaTypeFactory.getMediaType("测试.pdf").get();
3.         String mediaTypeString = mediaType.toString();
4.         System.out.println(mediaTypeString);
5.     }

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输出结果：

1. application/pdf

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2、使用Apache Tika

Apache Tika 是一个内容分析工具包，可以检测上千种文件类型，并提取它们的元数据和文本。tika在设计上十分精巧，单一的接口使它易于使用，在搜索引擎索引，内容分析，翻译等诸多方面得到了广泛使用。
使用Apache Tika首先需要在pom引用：

1. <dependency>
2.       <groupId>org.apache.tika</groupId>
3.       <artifactId>tika-core</artifactId>
4.       <version>1.28.4</version>
5.     </dependency>

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获取Content-Type 主要是用到其中detect的通过源码我们可以得知（源码太长了就不放了）detect支持通过传入String（文件名）、URL、File、Path、byte[]、InputStream等类型来解析以获取Content-Type
我们用传入byte[]的方式测试一下：

1. public static void main(String[] args) {
2.         File file = new File("D:\\书籍\\电子书\\其它\\自然哲学的数学原理.pdf");
3.         byte[] fileContent = new byte[(int) file.length()];
4.         try (FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(file)) {
5.             inputStream.read(fileContent);
6.         } catch (IOException e) {
7.             e.printStackTrace();
8.         }
9.         Tika tika = new Tika();
10.         String mediaTypeString = tika.detect(fileContent);
11.         System.out.println(mediaTypeString);
12.     }

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输出结果：

1. application/pdf

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注意tika.detect返回的是String类型，如果想像第一种方式一样得到MediaType对象，还需要转换一下。

1. MediaType.parseMediaType(mediaTypeString);

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