鸿蒙Harmony开辟案例教程：如何举行蓝牙设备发现、配对、取消配对功能 - ToB企服应用市场:ToB评测及商务社交产业平台

申请蓝牙权限。使用蓝牙需要先申请对应的权限，在module.json5文件中添加以下配置：

"requestPermissions": [
{
//允许应用查看蓝牙的配置
"name": "ohos.permission.USE_BLUETOOTH",
"reason": "$string:grant_use_bluetooth",
"usedScene": {
"abilities": [
"MainAbility"
],
"when": "inuse"
}
},
{
//允许应用配置本地蓝牙，查找远端设备且与之配对连接
"name": "ohos.permission.DISCOVER_BLUETOOTH",
"reason": "$string:grant_discovery_bluetooth",
"usedScene": {
"abilities": [
"MainAbility"
],
"when": "inuse"
}
},
{
//允许应用获取设备位置信息
"name": "ohos.permission.LOCATION",
"reason": "$string:grant_location",
"usedScene": {
"abilities": [
"MainAbility"
],
"when": "inuse"
}
},
{
//允许应用获取设备模糊位置信息
"name": "ohos.permission.APPROXIMATELY_LOCATION",
"reason": "$string:grant_location",
"usedScene": {
"abilities": [
"MainAbility"
],
"when": "inuse"
}
},
{
//允许应用配对蓝牙设备，并对设备的电话簿或消息进行访问
"name": "ohos.permission.MANAGE_BLUETOOTH",
"reason": "$string:grant_manage_bluetooth",
"usedScene": {
"abilities": [
"MainAbility"
],
"when": "inuse"
}
}
]

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构建UI框架，团体的UI框架分为TitleBar（页面名称），PinDialog（配对蓝牙弹框），index（主页面）三个部分。

//Common/TitleBar.ets
@Component
export struct TitleBar {
private handlerClickButton: () => void
build() {
Row() {
Image($r('app.media.ic_back'))
.width(40)
.height(30)
.onClick(() => {
this.handlerClickButton()
})
Text($r('app.string.bluetooth'))
.fontSize(30)
.width(150)
.height(50)
.margin({ left: 15 })
.fontColor('#ffa2a3a4')
}
.width('100%')
.height(60)
.padding({ left: 20, top: 10 })
.backgroundColor('#ff2d30cb')
.constraintSize({ minHeight: 50 })
}
}
//Common/PinDalog.ets
...
aboutToAppear() {
this.titleText = `"${this.data.deviceId}"要与您配对。请确认此配对码已在"${this.data.deviceId}"上直接显示，且不是手动输入的。`
this.pinCode = JSON.stringify(this.data.pinCode)
}
build() {
//配对弹框描述文字
Column({ space: 10 }) {
Text($r('app.string.match_request'))
.fontSize(30)
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
Text(this.titleText)
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
.margin({ top: 20 })
.fontSize(21)
Text(this.pinCode)
.fontSize(40)
.fontWeight(FontWeight.Bold)
.margin({ top: 20 })
Flex({ direction: FlexDirection.Row, alignItems: ItemAlign.Center }) {
Checkbox({ name: 'checkbox' })
.select(false)
.selectedColor('#ff3d6fb8')
.key('checkBox')
Text($r('app.string.grant_permission'))
.fontSize(15)
.margin({ left: 3, top: 6 })
}
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
.width('95%')
.margin({ top: 5 })
Row() {
//配对选择UI，取消or配对
this.choiceText($r('app.string.cancel'), () => {
bluetooth.setDevicePairingConfirmation(this.data.deviceId, false)
logger.info(TAG, `setDevicePairingConfirmation = ${bluetooth.setDevicePairingConfirmation(this.data.deviceId, false)}`)
this.controller.close()
})
Divider()
.vertical(true)
.height(32)
this.choiceText($r('app.string.match'), () => {
bluetooth.setDevicePairingConfirmation(this.data.deviceId, true)
logger.info(TAG, `setDevicePairingConfirmation = ${bluetooth.setDevicePairingConfirmation(this.data.deviceId, true)}`)
this.controller.close()
})
}
.margin({ top: 20 })
}
.width('100%')
.padding(15)
}
...
//pages/index.ets
@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
build() {
Column() {
TitleBar({ handlerClickButton: this.handlerClickButton })
Scroll() {
Column() {
Row() {
//蓝牙开关
Column() {
Text($r('app.string.bluetooth'))
.fontSize(30)
.margin({ top: 20 })
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
if (true === this.isOn) {
Text($r('app.string.discovery'))
.fontSize(20)
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
}
}
Blank()
Column() {
Toggle({ type: ToggleType.Switch, isOn: this.isOn })
.selectedColor('#ff2982ea')
.onChange((isOn: boolean) => {
if (isOn) {
this.isOn = true
this.initBluetooth()
} else {
this.isOn = false
bluetooth.disableBluetooth()
this.deviceList = []
this.discoveryList = []
}
})
}
.id('toggleBtn')
}
.width('90%')
if (this.isOn) {
Divider()
.vertical(false)
.strokeWidth(10)
.color('#ffece7e7')
.lineCap(LineCapStyle.Butt)
.margin('1%')
//已配对的设备
Text($r('app.string.paired_device'))
.fontSize(25)
.fontColor('#ff565555')
.margin({ left: '5%' })
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
ForEach(this.deviceList, (item, index) => {
Row() {
Text(item)
.fontSize(20)
}
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
.width('100%')
.height(50)
.margin({ left: '5%', top: '1%' })
.id(`pairedDevice${index}`)
.onClick(() => {
AlertDialog.show({
//取消配对
title: $r('app.string.disconnect'),
message: '此操作将会断开您与以下设备的连接：' + item,
primaryButton: {
value: $r('app.string.cancel'),
action: () => {
}
},
//确认取消
secondaryButton: {
value: $r('app.string.confirm'),
action: () => {
try {
bluetooth.cancelPairedDevice(item);
this.deviceList = bluetooth.getPairedDevices()
this.discoveryList = []
bluetooth.startBluetoothDiscovery()
} catch (err) {
console.error("errCode:" + err.code + ",errMessage:" + err.message);
}
}
}
})
})
})
Divider()
.vertical(false)
.strokeWidth(10)
.color('#ffece7e7')
.lineCap(LineCapStyle.Butt)
.margin('1%')
Text($r('app.string.available_device'))
.fontSize(25)
.fontColor('#ff565555')
.margin({ left: '5%', bottom: '2%' })
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
//可用设备列表
ForEach(this.discoveryList, (item) => {
Row() {
Text(item)
.fontSize(20)
}
.alignSelf(ItemAlign.Start)
.width('100%')
.height(50)
.margin({ left: '5%', top: '1%' })
//进行配对操作点击
.onClick(() => {
logger.info(TAG, `start bluetooth.pairDevice,item = ${item}`)
let pairStatus = bluetooth.pairDevice(item)
logger.info(TAG, `pairStatus = ${pairStatus}`)
})
Divider()
.vertical(false)
.color('#ffece7e7')
.lineCap(LineCapStyle.Butt)
.margin('1%')
})
}
}
}
.constraintSize({ maxHeight: '85%' })
}
}
}

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蓝牙开关打开关闭利用，需要打开蓝牙开关才能举行后续利用：

initBluetooth() {
bluetooth.on('stateChange', (data) => {
logger.info(TAG, `enter on stateChange`)
//判断蓝牙开关状态
if (data === bluetooth.BluetoothState.STATE_ON) {
logger.info(TAG, `enter BluetoothState.STATE_ON`)
//蓝牙打开后的相关操作
this.foundDevices()
}
if (data === bluetooth.BluetoothState.STATE_OFF) {
logger.info(TAG, `enter BluetoothState.STATE_OFF`)
bluetooth.off('bluetoothDeviceFind', (data) => {
logger.info(TAG, `offBluetoothDeviceFindData = ${JSON.stringify(data)}`)
})
//关闭
bluetooth.stopBluetoothDiscovery()
this.discoveryList = []
}
logger.info(TAG, `BluetoothState = ${JSON.stringify(data)}`)
})
//开启蓝牙
bluetooth.enableBluetooth()
}

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设置蓝牙扫描模式并开启扫描去发现设备，并订阅蓝牙设备发现上报时间获取设备列表

foundDevices() {
//订阅蓝牙设备发现上报事件
bluetooth.on('bluetoothDeviceFind', (data) => {
logger.info(TAG, `enter on bluetoothDeviceFind`)
if (data !== null && data.length > 0) {
if (this.discoveryList.indexOf(data[0]) === -1 && this.deviceList.indexOf(data[0]) === -1) {
this.discoveryList.push(data[0])
}
logger.info(TAG, `discoveryList = ${JSON.stringify(this.discoveryList)}`)
}
let list = bluetooth.getPairedDevices()
if (list !== null && list.length > 0) {
this.deviceList = list
logger.info(TAG, `deviceList = ${JSON.stringify(this.deviceList)}`)
}
})
//开启蓝牙扫描，可以发现远端设备
bluetooth.startBluetoothDiscovery()
//设置蓝牙扫描模式，可以被远端设备发现
bluetooth.setBluetoothScanMode(bluetooth.ScanMode.SCAN_MODE_CONNECTABLE_GENERAL_DISCOVERABLE, TIME)
}

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设置蓝牙扫描模式并开启扫描去发现设备，并订阅蓝牙设备发现上报时间获取设备列表

//配对确定和取消代码在PinDialog.ets文件中
//setDevicePairingConfirmation(device: string, accept: boolean): void
//device string 表示远端设备地址，例如："XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX
//accept boolean 接受配对请求设置为true，否则设置为false
//订阅蓝牙配对状态改变事件，根据蓝牙状态更新设备列表
bluetooth.on('bondStateChange', (data) => {
logger.info(TAG, `enter bondStateChange`)
logger.info(TAG, `data = ${JSON.stringify(data)}`)
if (data.state === bluetooth.BondState.BOND_STATE_BONDED) {
logger.info(TAG, `BOND_STATE_BONDED`)
let index = this.discoveryList.indexOf(data.deviceId)
this.discoveryList.splice(index, 1)
this.deviceList = bluetooth.getPairedDevices()
}
if (data.state === bluetooth.BondState.BOND_STATE_INVALID) {
logger.info(TAG, `BOND_STATE_INVALID`)
this.deviceList = bluetooth.getPairedDevices()
}
logger.info(TAG, `bondStateChange,data = ${JSON.stringify(data)}`)
})

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