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标题: Centos7环境使用Mysql离线安装包安装Mysql5.7 [打印本页]
作者: 光之使者    时间: 2022-9-16 17:14
标题: Centos7环境使用Mysql离线安装包安装Mysql5.7
服务器环境：centos7 x64
需要安装：mysql5.7+
一、卸载CentOS7系统自带mariadb
  1. # 查看系统自带的Mariadb
  2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
  3. mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
  5. # 卸载系统自带的Mariadb(rpm -e --nodeps)
  6. [root@CDH-141 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
  8. # 删除etc目录下的my.cnf
  9. [root@CDH-141 ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
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二、检查mysql是否存在
  1. # 检查mysql是否存在
  2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
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三、查看用户和组是否存在

1）检查mysql组合用户是否存在
  1. # 检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无则创建
  2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
  3. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
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2）若不存在，则创建mysql组和用户
  1. [root@CDH-141 ~]# groupadd mysql # 创建mysql用户组
  2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql   # 创建一个用户名为mysql的用户，并加入mysql用户组
  3. [root@CDH-141 ~]# passwd mysql   # 制定password 为111111  (用户mysql的密码)
  4. Changing password for user mysql.
  5. New password:
  6. BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome
  7. Retype new password:
  8. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
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四、下载mysql离线安装包tar文件

官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
版本选择，可以选择以下两种方式：
1）使用Red Hat Enterprise Linux
  1.    Select Version:5.7.35
  2.    Select Operating System:Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
  3.    Select OS Version:Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)
  4.    列表中下载：
  5.    Compressed TAR Archive：(mysql-5.7.35-el7-x86_64.tar.gz)
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2）使用Linux - Generic
  1. 2）使用Linux - Generic
  2.   Select Version:5.7.35
  3.   Select Operating System:Linux - Generic
  4.   Select OS Version:Linux - Generic (glibc 2.12) (x86, 64-bit)
  5.   列表中下载：
  6.   Compressed TAR Archive：<strong>(mysql</strong><strong>-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz)【本文中使用的是这个版本】</strong>
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2）百度网盘
  1. 链接：<strong><a href="https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-FnDtfsq-gFOcewVXYSGAw%20" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-FnDtfsq-</a></strong><strong><a href="https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-FnDtfsq-gFOcewVXYSGAw%20" target="_blank" rel="noopener">gFOcewVXYSGAw </a></strong>
  2. 提取码：<strong>2zhz </strong>
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注意：上边三种方式找mysql离线安装包的方式都可以。
五、上传第四步下载的mysql TAR包
  1. # 进入/usr/local/文件夹(此目录作为安装目录，给根据自己目录安排可自行更换目录，后续目录保持一致即可)
  2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cd /usr/local/
  4. # 上传mysql TAR包
  5. [root@CDH-141 local]# rz
  7. # 解压mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  8. [root@CDH-141 local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  9. # 进入/usr/local下，修改为mysql
  10. [root@CDH-141 local]# mv mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  mysql
  11. [root@CDH-141 local]# ls
  12. bin  etc  full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  sbin  share  src
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六、更改所属的组和用户
  1. # 更改所属的组和用户
  2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cd /usr/local/
  3. [root@CDH-141 local]# chown -R mysql mysql/
  4. [root@CDH-141 local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/
  5. [root@CDH-141 local]# cd mysql/
  6. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# mkdir data
  7. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
  8. 备注：
  9. chown -R mysql:mysql ./
  11. chown [选项]... [所有者][:[组]] 文件...
  13.   必要参数:
  15.        -c 显示更改的部分的信息
  16. 　　　　-f 忽略错误信息
  17. 　　　　-h 修复符号链接
  18. 　　　　-R 处理指定目录以及其子目录下的所有文件
  19. 　　　　-v 显示详细的处理信息
  20. 　　　　-deference 作用于符号链接的指向，而不是链接文件本身
  21. 　　选择参数:
  22. 　　　　--reference=<目录或文件> 把指定的目录/文件作为参考，把操作的文件/目录设置成参考文件/目录相同拥有者和群组
  23. 　　　　--from=<当前用户：当前群组> 只有当前用户和群组跟指定的用户和群组相同时才进行改变
  24. 　　　　--help 显示帮助信息
  25. 　　　　--version 显示版本信息
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七、在/etc下创建my.cnf文件
  1. # 进入/usr/local/mysql文件夹下
  2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
  4. # 创建my.cnf文件
  5. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# touch my.cnf
  7. # 编辑my.cnf
  8. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# vi my.conf
  10. [mysql]
  11. socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
  12. # set mysql client default chararter
  13. default-character-set=utf8
  15. [mysqld]
  16. socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
  17. # set mysql server port  
  18. port = 3323 #默认是3306
  19. # set mysql install base dir
  20. basedir=/usr/local/mysql
  21. # set the data store dir
  22. datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  23. # set the number of allow max connnection
  24. max_connections=200
  25. # set server charactre default encoding
  26. character-set-server=utf8
  27. # the storage engine
  28. default-storage-engine=INNODB
  29. #忽略数据库表名的大小写
  30. lower_case_table_names=1
  31. #最大请求包
  32. max_allowed_packet=16M
  33. explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
  34. sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
  36. [mysql.server]
  37. user=mysql #用户不是mysql时，更改此处
  38. basedir=/usr/local/mysql
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八、进入mysql文件夹，并安装mysql
  1. # 进入mysql
  2. [root@CDH-141 local]# cd /usr/local/mysql
  4. # 安装mysql
  5. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
  6. 或者
  7. cd bin
  8. ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
  9. 2019-03-08 18:11:07 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
  10. 2019-03-08 18:11:24 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
  11. 2019-03-08 18:11:24 [WARNING] 2019-03-08T10:11:07.208602Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
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设置文件及目录权限：
  1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  2. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chown 777 my.cnf
  3. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
  4. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# mkdir data
  5. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
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九、启动mysql
  1. # 启动mysql
  2. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start/restart/stop/status
  3. 或者
  4. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# service mysqld start/stop/restart/status
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十、设置开机启动
  1. #设置开机启动
  2. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
  3. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
  4. Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
  5.       systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
  6.       systemd configuration.
  8.       If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
  9.       To see services enabled on particular target use
  10.       'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
  12. mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
  13. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
  14. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
  15. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
  16. Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
  17.       systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
  18.       systemd configuration.
  20.       If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
  21.       To see services enabled on particular target use
  22.       'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
  23. mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
  24. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# service mysqld status
  25. MySQL running (26122)[  OK  ]
  26. [root@CDH-141 mysql]#
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十一、修改配置文件(配置环境变量)
  1. # 进入/etc/profile文件夹
  2. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# vim /etc/profile
  4. 修改/etc/profile，在最后添加如下内容
  5. export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
  7. # 使文件生效
  8. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# source /etc/profile
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十二、获得mysql初始密码

 1）获得mysql初始密码
  1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]#  cat /root/.mysql_secret  
  2. # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2019-03-08 17:40:42 <strong>poc3u0mO_luv</strong>
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2）修改密码
  1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
  3. Enter password: #此处填写上边获取到的初始密码 ‘poc3u0mO_luv’
  5. mysql>  set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
  6. 或者
  7. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
  8. 或者（本人一般使用下面的修改密码的方式）
  9. mysql> <strong>set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!'</strong><strong>); </strong>
  11. mysql> flush privileges;
  12. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  14. mysql> exit
  17. 备注：
  19. 修改密码时报错：
  20. Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock'
  21. 上述提示可能在启动mysql时遇到，即在/tmp/mysql.sock位置找不到所需要的mysql.sock文件，主要是由于my.cnf文件里对mysql.sock的位置设定导致。
  23. mysql.sock默认的是在/var/lib/mysql, 如果发现确实是在该目录下，可以在[mysqld]下面加入mysql.sock的path
  25. vi /etc/my.cnf(my.cnf也可能在其他路径下)
  27. [mysqld]
  29. port = 3306
  31. socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
  33. 但是要保证使用mysql的用户具有对该目录的写权限，否则这样的改动由于权限限制仍然会报错。
  35. 所以为了避免权限问题也可以使用软链接为/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock创建一个到/tmp/mysql.sock的联接
  37. ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
  39. 由于/tmp/文件夹默认对other有w权限，这样就可以避免权限问题。
  41. 此外，如果发现mysql.sock不在默认的/var/lib/mysql位置，一种解决方法是使用find命令搜索mysql.sock的位置，然后按前面两种解决方案挑一种做即可。
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3）验证新密码是否登录成功：
  1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
  2. Enter password: #此处输入新密码‘123456’
  3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
  4. Your MySQL connection id is 4
  5. Server version: 5.7.25 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  7. mysql> show tables;
  8. ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
  9. mysql> show databases;
  10. +--------------------+
  11. | Database           |
  12. +--------------------+
  13. | information_schema |
  14. | mysql              |
  15. | performance_schema |
  16. | sys                |
  17. +--------------------+
  18. 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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十三、添加远程访问权限
  1. # 添加远程访问权限
  2. mysql> use mysql
  4. # 修改root用户可以远程登录：
  5. mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
  6. 或者
  7. mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root用户密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
  9. mysql> select host,user from user;
  10. +-----------+---------------+
  11. | host      | user          |
  12. +-----------+---------------+
  13. | %         | root          |
  14. | localhost | mysql.session |
  15. | localhost | mysql.sys     |
  16. +-----------+---------------+
  17. 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
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十四、重启mysql生效
  1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# service mysqld restart
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  1. 备注：
  2.     由于安装在/usr/local下面的mysql，因此可以在热河文件夹启动mysql
  3.     若安装在别的文件夹，请执行以下命令：
  5.    # 为了在任何目录下可以登录mysql
  7.      ln -s /你的mysql路径/mysql /usr/local/mysql
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十五、安装过程(仅供参考)
  1. [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
  2. mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
  3. [root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
  4. [root@localhost ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
  5. rm: cannot remove ‘/etc/my.cnf’: No such file or directory
  6. [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
  7. [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
  8. [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
  9. [root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
  10. [root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
  11. [root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql
  12. Changing password for user mysql.
  13. New password:
  14. BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
  15. Retype new password:
  16. Sorry, passwords do not match.
  17. New password:
  18. Retype new password:
  19. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
  20. [root@localhost ~]# cd /home/
  21. [root@localhost home]# ll
  22. total 4
  23. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root     root       18 Apr 28 20:35 install
  24. drwx------.  3 mysql    mysql      78 Aug  7 07:02 mysql
  25. drwx------. 15 panhusun panhusun 4096 Aug  7 06:52 panhusun
  26. drwxr-xr-x.  2 root     root        6 Apr 21 01:12 server
  27. drwxr-xr-x.  4 root     root      214 May 11 02:43 tar
  28. [root@localhost home]# cd tar/
  29. [root@localhost tar]# ll
  30. total 559012
  31. -rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root      11156 Apr 20 03:54 get_helm.sh
  32. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root   62468096 Apr 20 23:55 k3s
  33. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root  503815168 Apr 20 04:28 k3s-airgap-images-amd64.tar
  34. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root      15152 Oct  8  2021 k3s-selinux-0.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
  35. drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root       4096 May 11 02:49 libressl-3.5.2
  36. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    4039407 May 11 02:43 libressl-3.5.2.tar.gz
  37. drwxr-xr-x. 14  501 games      4096 May 11 01:29 zlib-1.2.12
  38. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    2060528 May 11 01:58 zlib-1.2.12Upgrade.tar.gz
  39. [root@localhost tar]# pwd
  40. /home/tar
  41. [root@localhost tar]# ^C
  42. [root@localhost tar]# ll
  43. total 1209952
  44. -rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root      11156 Apr 20 03:54 get_helm.sh
  45. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root   62468096 Apr 20 23:55 k3s
  46. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root  503815168 Apr 20 04:28 k3s-airgap-images-amd64.tar
  47. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root      15152 Oct  8  2021 k3s-selinux-0.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
  48. drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root       4096 May 11 02:49 libressl-3.5.2
  49. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    4039407 May 11 02:43 libressl-3.5.2.tar.gz
  50. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root  666559924 Aug  7 07:04 mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  51. drwxr-xr-x. 14  501 games      4096 May 11 01:29 zlib-1.2.12
  52. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    2060528 May 11 01:58 zlib-1.2.12Upgrade.tar.gz
  53. [root@localhost tar]# cp mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /usr/local/
  54. [root@localhost tar]# cd /usr/local/
  55. [root@localhost local]# ll
  56. total 650940
  57. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       122 Apr 21 00:03 bin
  58. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 etc
  59. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 games
  60. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root        35 May 11 02:00 include
  61. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 lib
  62. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 lib64
  63. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 libexec
  64. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666559924 Aug  7 07:04 mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  65. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 sbin
  66. drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root        49 Feb 25 19:38 share
  67. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 src
  68. [root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  69. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisam_ftdump
  70. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamchk
  71. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamlog
  72. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisampack
  73. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql
  74. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_client_test_embedded
  75. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_config_editor
  76. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_embedded
  77. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db
  78. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_plugin
  79. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_secure_installation
  80. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
  81. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
  82. 。。。。。。
  83. [root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
  84. [root@localhost local]# ll
  85. total 650940
  86. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       122 Apr 21 00:03 bin
  87. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 etc
  88. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 games
  89. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root        35 May 11 02:00 include
  90. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 lib
  91. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 lib64
  92. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 libexec
  93. drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root       129 Aug  7 07:05 mysql
  94. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666559924 Aug  7 07:04 mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  95. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 sbin
  96. drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root        49 Feb 25 19:38 share
  97. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 src
  98. [root@localhost local]# rm -f mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
  99. [root@localhost local]# ll
  100. total 0
  101. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 122 Apr 21 00:03 bin
  102. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 etc
  103. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 games
  104. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  35 May 11 02:00 include
  105. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 lib
  106. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 lib64
  107. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 libexec
  108. drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Aug  7 07:05 mysql
  109. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 sbin
  110. drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Feb 25 19:38 share
  111. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 src
  112. [root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql mysql/
  113. [root@localhost local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/
  114. [root@localhost local]# cd mysql/
  115. [root@localhost mysql]# mkdir data
  116. [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
  117. [root@localhost mysql]# cd /etc/
  118. [root@localhost etc]# ll
  119. total 1420
  120. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root      101 Feb 25 19:43 abrt
  121. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root       16 Feb 25 19:51 adjtime
  122. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root     1529 Mar 31  2020 aliases
  123. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    12288 Feb 25 19:52 aliases.db
  124. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root       65 Feb 25 19:46 alsa
  125. drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     4096 Feb 25 19:51 alternatives
  126. -rw-------.  1 root root      541 Aug  8  2019 anacrontab
  127. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root       55 Aug  8  2019 asound.conf
  128. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root        1 Oct 30  2018 at.deny
  129. drwxr-x---.  3 root root       43 Feb 25 19:43 audisp
  130. drwxr-x---.  3 root root       83 Feb 25 19:52 audit
  131. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    15137 Sep 30  2020 autofs.conf
  132. -rw-------.  1 root root      232 Sep 30  2020 autofs_ldap_auth.conf
  133. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root      795 Sep 30  2020 auto.master
  134. drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root        6 Sep 30  2020 auto.master.d
  135. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root      524 Sep 30  2020 auto.misc
  136. -rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root     1260 Sep 30  2020 auto.net
  137. -rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root      687 Sep 30  2020 auto.smb
  138. drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root       71 Feb 25 19:46 avahi
  139. 。。。。。。
  140. [root@localhost etc]# touch my.cnf
  141. [root@localhost etc]# ll
  142. total 1420
  143. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root      101 Feb 25 19:43 abrt
  144. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root       16 Feb 25 19:51 adjtime
  145. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root     1529 Mar 31  2020 aliases
  146. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    12288 Feb 25 19:52 aliases.db
  147. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root       65 Feb 25 19:46 alsa
  148. drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     4096 Feb 25 19:51 alternatives
  149. -rw-------.  1 root root      541 Aug  8  2019 anacrontab
  150. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root       55 Aug  8  2019 asound.conf
  151. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root        1 Oct 30  2018 at.deny
  152. drwxr-x---.  3 root root       43 Feb 25 19:43 audisp
  153. drwxr-x---.  3 root root       83 Feb 25 19:52 audit
  154. 。。。。。。
  155. [root@localhost etc]# pwd
  156. /etc
  157. [root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
  158. [root@localhost mysql]# ll
  159. total 272
  160. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 bin
  161. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql      6 Aug  7 07:06 data
  162. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     55 Aug  7 07:05 docs
  163. drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 include
  164. drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql    230 Aug  7 07:05 lib
  165. -rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql 259199 Sep  6  2021 LICENSE
  166. drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql     30 Aug  7 07:05 man
  167. -rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql    566 Sep  6  2021 README
  168. drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 share
  169. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     90 Aug  7 07:05 support-files
  170. [root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --
  171. 2022-08-07 07:09:15 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
  172. 2022-08-07 07:09:15 [ERROR]   The data directory needs to be specified.
  173. [root@localhost mysql]# cd bin/
  174. [root@localhost bin]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --
  175. bash: mysql_install_db: command not found...
  176. [root@localhost bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --
  177. 2022-08-07 07:09:40 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
  178. 2022-08-07 07:09:40 [ERROR]   The data directory needs to be specified.
  179. [root@localhost bin]# cd bi
  180. -bash: cd: bi: No such file or directory
  181. [root@localhost bin]# cd bin
  182. -bash: cd: bin: No such file or directory
  183. [root@localhost bin]# ll
  184. total 1348160
  185. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   8147275 Sep  7  2021 innochecksum
  186. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql    359769 Sep  7  2021 lz4_decompress
  187. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql  10101581 Sep  7  2021 myisamchk
  188. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   9642658 Sep  7  2021 myisam_ftdump
  189. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   7539128 Sep  7  2021 myisamlog
  190. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   9769178 Sep  7  2021 myisampack
  191. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   7435495 Sep  7  2021 my_print_defaults
  192. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql  10456480 Sep  7  2021 mysql
  193. 。。。。。。
  194. [root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
  195. 2022-08-07T14:10:55.428560Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
  196. 2022-08-07T14:10:55.485143Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
  197. 2022-08-07T14:10:55.549898Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: c0c72931-165a-11ed-b15d-000c290923cd.
  198. 2022-08-07T14:10:55.552919Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
  199. 2022-08-07T14:10:56.502231Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
  200. 2022-08-07T14:10:56.502306Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
  201. 2022-08-07T14:10:56.504364Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
  202. 2022-08-07T14:10:56.740944Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ?dV?_49?hc.f
  203. [root@localhost bin]# pwd
  204. /usr/local/mysql/bin
  205. [root@localhost bin]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
  206. -bash: bin/mysql_install_db: No such file or directory
  207. [root@localhost bin]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
  208. -bash: ./bin/mysql_install_db: No such file or directory
  209. [root@localhost bin]# sh bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  210. sh: bin/mysql_install_db: No such file or directory
  211. [root@localhost bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  212. 2022-08-07 07:12:36 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
  213. 2022-08-07 07:12:36 [ERROR]   The data directory '/usr/local/mysql/data' already exist and is not empty.
  214. [root@localhost bin]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/data/
  215. [root@localhost bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
  216. 2022-08-07 07:13:23 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
  217. 2022-08-07 07:13:27 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
  218. 2022-08-07 07:13:27 [WARNING] 2022-08-07T14:13:23.279025Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
  219. 2022-08-07T14:13:23.279659Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
  220. 2022-08-07T14:13:23.279668Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000)
  222. [root@localhost bin]# cd ../
  223. [root@localhost mysql]# ll
  224. total 276
  225. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 bin
  226. drwxr-x---.  5 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:13 data
  227. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     55 Aug  7 07:05 docs
  228. drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 include
  229. drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql    230 Aug  7 07:05 lib
  230. -rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql 259199 Sep  6  2021 LICENSE
  231. drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql     30 Aug  7 07:05 man
  232. -rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql    566 Sep  6  2021 README
  233. drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 share
  234. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     90 Aug  7 07:05 support-files
  235. [root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
  236. [root@localhost mysql]# chown 777 my.cnf
  237. chown: cannot access ‘my.cnf’: No such file or directory
  238. [root@localhost mysql]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf
  239. [root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
  240. ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
  241. Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
  242. 2022-08-07T14:14:23.991592Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
  243. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
  244. [root@localhost mysql]# mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql
  245. bash: mysql]#: command not found...
  246. [root@localhost mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql
  247. root      14366  0.0  0.0 112808   964 pts/1    R+   07:15   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
  248. [root@localhost mysql]# kill -9 14366
  249. -bash: kill: (14366) - No such process
  250. [root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 198: 32684 Killed                  nohup /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=CDH-141.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CDH-141.pid --port=3323 < /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1
  251. [root@localhost mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql
  252. root      14670  0.0  0.0 112808   968 pts/1    S+   07:15   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
  253. [root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
  254. ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
  255. Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
  256. 2022-08-07T14:15:57.588824Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
  257. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
  258. [root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
  259. Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
  260. 2022-08-07T14:16:30.536032Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
  261. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
  262. [root@localhost mysql]# cat /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err
  263. cat: /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err: No such file or directory
  264. [root@localhost mysql]# cd  /usr/local/mysql/data/
  265. [root@localhost data]# ll
  266. total 110660
  267. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql       56 Aug  7 07:13 auto.cnf
  268. -rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1676 Aug  7 07:13 ca-key.pem
  269. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Aug  7 07:13 ca.pem
  270. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Aug  7 07:13 client-cert.pem
  271. -rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1676 Aug  7 07:13 client-key.pem
  272. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql      436 Aug  7 07:13 ib_buffer_pool
  273. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Aug  7 07:13 ibdata1
  274. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Aug  7 07:13 ib_logfile0
  275. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Aug  7 07:13 ib_logfile1
  276. drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql     4096 Aug  7 07:13 mysql
  277. drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql     8192 Aug  7 07:13 performance_schema
  278. -rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1676 Aug  7 07:13 private_key.pem
  279. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql      452 Aug  7 07:13 public_key.pem
  280. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Aug  7 07:13 server-cert.pem
  281. -rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1680 Aug  7 07:13 server-key.pem
  282. drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql     8192 Aug  7 07:13 sys
  283. [root@localhost data]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
  284. chown: cannot access ‘/var/lib/mysql’: No such file or directory
  285. [root@localhost data]# mkdir -p /var//lib/mysql
  286. [root@localhost data]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
  287. [root@localhost data]# systemctl start mysql
  288. Failed to start mysql.service: Unit not found.
  289. [root@localhost data]# systemctl start mysqld
  290. Failed to start mysqld.service: Unit not found.
  291. [root@localhost data]# service mysqld start
  292. Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
  293. SUCCESS!
  294. [root@localhost data]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
  295. [root@localhost data]# chkconfig --list mysqld
  297. Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
  298.       systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
  299.       systemd configuration.
  301.       If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
  302.       To see services enabled on particular target use
  303.       'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
  305. mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
  306. [root@localhost data]# service mysqld status
  307. SUCCESS! MySQL running (16587)
  308. [root@localhost data]# vim /etc/profile
  309. [root@localhost data]# source /etc/profile
  310. [root@localhost data]#  cat /root/.mysql_secret
  311. # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2022-08-07 07:13:23
  312. SBjo&twpMd>K
  313. [root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
  314. Enter password:
  315. mysql: Character set 'utf8-mb4' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the '/usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/Index.xml' file
  316. mysql: Character set 'utf8-mb4' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the '/usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/Index.xml' file
  317. ERROR 2019 (HY000): <strong>Can't initialize character set utf8-mb4 (path: /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/)</strong>
  318. [root@localhost data]# vim /etc/my.cnf
  319. [root@localhost data]# systemctl restart mysql
  320. [root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
  321. Enter password:
  322. ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
  323. [root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
  324. Enter password:
  325. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
  326. Your MySQL connection id is 7
  327. Server version: 5.7.36
  329. Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
  331. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  332. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  333. owners.
  335. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
  337. mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('MGuoDu2022');
  338. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
  340. mysql> flush privileges;
  341. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  343. mysql>exit;
  344. Bye<br><br>
  345. [root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
  346. Enter password:
  347. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
  348. Your MySQL connection id is 9
  349. Server version: 5.7.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  351. Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
  353. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
  354. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
  355. owners.
  357. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
  359. mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'MGuoDu2022' WITH GRANT OPTION;
  360. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.06 sec)
  362. mysql> select host,user from user;
  363. ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
  364. mysql> service mysqld restart
  365. mysql> exit;
  366. Bye<br>
  367. [root@localhost data]# service mysqld restart
  368. Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
  369. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
  370. [root@localhost data]# systemctl status firewalld
  371. ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
  372.    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
  373.    Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-08-07 06:50:58 PDT; 39min ago
  374.      Docs: man:firewalld(1)
  375. Main PID: 696 (firewalld)
  376.     Tasks: 2
  377.    Memory: 10.6M
  378.    CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
  379.            └─696 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
  381. Aug 07 06:50:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
  382. Aug 07 06:50:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
  383. Aug 07 06:50:58 localhost.localdomain firewalld[696]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered an insec... now.
  384. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
  385. [root@localhost data]#
  386. [root@localhost data]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3506/tcp
  387. success
  388. [root@localhost data]#
  389. [root@localhost data]# firewall-cmd --reload
  390. success
  391. [root@localhost data]# vim /etc/my.cnf
  392. [root@localhost data]# systemctl restart mysql
  393. [root@localhost data]#
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