Web Bluetooth 与点对点毗连 - ToB企服应用市场:ToB评测及商务社交产业平台

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<button class="request">click me</button>
<script>
const request = window.document.querySelector('.request');
request.addEventListener('click', async function () {
const bluetooth = window.navigator.bluetooth;
try {
// 检查用户代理是否支持
const isSupport = await bluetooth.getAvailability();
if (!isSupport) {
return window.alert('用户代理不支持蓝牙请求');
}
// 请求蓝牙设备
const bluetoothDevice = await bluetooth.requestDevice({
/** 过滤器选项 */
filters: [
{
/** 过滤拥有 battery_service | 0x1101 | 0000180D-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb 服务的设备 */
services: ['battery_service', 0x1101, '0000180D-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb'],
/** 过滤名称为 RedMi Note13Pro 的设备 */
name: 'RedMi Note13Pro',
/** 过滤名称前缀为 RedMi 的设备 */
namePrefix: 'RedMi'
}
],
/** 排除项，选项与 filters 相同 */
exclusionFilters: [],
/**
* 服务选项，通常需要包含此项，告诉浏览器你随后想要访问的蓝牙服务；
* 如果其他选项中没有指定服务，则必须在此处指定，否则随后访问服务时抛出异常
* */
optionalServices: ['battery_service'],
/** 匹配所有设备，一般不建议使用 */
acceptAllDevices: false
});
// gatt 服务器
const server = bluetoothDevice.gatt;
if (!server.connected) {
// 创建连接
await server.connect();
}
/** 获取电池 Service */
const batteryService = await server.getPrimaryService('battery_service');
/** 获取电池电量的 Characteristic */
const batteryLevelCharacteristic =
await batteryService.getCharacteristic('battery_level');
/** 读取 Characteristic 值，这里是电池剩余电量 */
const batteryLevelValue = await batteryLevelCharacteristic.readValue();
/** 打印剩余电量百分比 */
console.log(`Battery percentage is ${batteryLevelValue.getUint8(0)}`);
} catch (err) {
window.alert('Error: ' + err.message);
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>

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package com.example.myapplication
import android.Manifest
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGatt
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattCharacteristic
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServer
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattServerCallback
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothGattService
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothManager
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothProfile
import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseCallback
import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseData
import android.bluetooth.le.AdvertiseSettings
import android.content.Context
import android.content.pm.PackageManager
import android.os.Build
import android.os.Bundle
import android.os.ParcelUuid
import android.util.Log
import android.widget.Toast
import androidx.activity.ComponentActivity
import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi
import java.util.UUID
class MainActivity : ComponentActivity() {
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
initBluetoothGATT()
}
// 初始化蓝牙 GATT 服务并开始广播
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
private fun initBluetoothGATT() {
// 获取蓝牙管理器
val bluetoothManager = getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE) as BluetoothManager
// 获取蓝牙适配器
val bluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.adapter
// 定义 gatt 服务器
var bluetoothGattServer: BluetoothGattServer? = null
// 检查权限
if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// 定义 gatt 服务器的回调
val bluetoothGattServerCallback = object : BluetoothGattServerCallback() {
// 与蓝牙设备的连接状态变更
override fun onConnectionStateChange(
device: BluetoothDevice,
status: Int,
newState: Int
) {
if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device connected")
} else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
Log.d(TAG, "Device disconnected")
}
}
// Service 被添加
override fun onServiceAdded(status: Int, service: BluetoothGattService) {
if (service.uuid == SERVICE_UUID) {
Log.d(TAG, "Service added successfully.")
}
}
// 特性读取请求
override fun onCharacteristicReadRequest(
device: BluetoothDevice,
requestId: Int,
offset: Int,
characteristic: BluetoothGattCharacteristic
) {
// 判断是否指定特性请求
if (characteristic.uuid == CHARACTERISTIC_UUID) {
// 处理读取请求，这里可以设置返回的数据
val dataToSend = "Hello from custom characteristic!".toByteArray()
// 设置特性值
characteristic.setValue(dataToSend)
// 检查权限，这里是避免编辑器警告
if (checkSelfPermission(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT) == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// 发送响应，必须调用此方法，web 端的 readValue 方法才能继续执行
bluetoothGattServer!!.sendResponse(
device,
requestId,
BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS,
offset,
dataToSend
)
}
}
}
// 特性写入请求
override fun onCharacteristicWriteRequest(
device: BluetoothDevice,
requestId: Int, // 请求的特性 id
characteristic: BluetoothGattCharacteristic, // 特性
preparedWrite: Boolean,
responseNeeded: Boolean, // 是否需要响应
offset: Int, // 数据偏移，数据可能是分段发送的
value: ByteArray // 数据值
) {
// 判断是否指定特性
if (characteristic.uuid == CHARACTERISTIC_UUID) {
characteristic.setValue(value)
}
}
}
// 打开一个 gatt 服务器
bluetoothGattServer = bluetoothManager.openGattServer(this, bluetoothGattServerCallback)
// 获取蓝牙广播器
val bluetoothLeAdvertiser = bluetoothAdapter.bluetoothLeAdvertiser
// 判断是否支持蓝牙
if (bluetoothLeAdvertiser != null) {
// 蓝牙广播设置
val settings = AdvertiseSettings.Builder()
.setAdvertiseMode(AdvertiseSettings.ADVERTISE_MODE_LOW_LATENCY) // 设置低延迟模式
.setConnectable(true) // 设置可连接
.setTimeout(0) // 不超时关闭，除非手动关闭
.build()
// 蓝牙广播数据
val data = AdvertiseData.Builder()
.setIncludeDeviceName(true) // 设置广播时的数据包含设备名称
.addServiceUuid(ParcelUuid(SERVICE_UUID)) // 添加自定义服务的 UUID 到广播数据中
.build()
// 开始广播
bluetoothLeAdvertiser.startAdvertising(
settings,
data,
object : AdvertiseCallback() {
// 正常开始广播
override fun onStartSuccess(settingsInEffect: AdvertiseSettings) {
Log.d(TAG, "Advertising started successfully.")
}
// 无法开启广播
override fun onStartFailure(errorCode: Int) {
Log.e(TAG, "Advertising failed with error code: $errorCode")
}
})
// 构造一个自定义 UUID 的 Service，指定为主要 Service
val service =
BluetoothGattService(SERVICE_UUID, BluetoothGattService.SERVICE_TYPE_PRIMARY)
// 构造一个自定义 UUID 的 Characteristic
val characteristic = BluetoothGattCharacteristic(
CHARACTERISTIC_UUID,
// 设置读写属性
BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ or BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_WRITE,
// 设置读写权限
BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_READ or BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PERMISSION_WRITE
)
// 将 Characteristic 添加至 Service
service.addCharacteristic(characteristic)
// 将 Service 添加至打开的 GATT 服务器
bluetoothGattServer.addService(service)
}
} else {
// 没有权限请求权限
requestPermissions(
arrayOf(Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT),
REQUEST_BLUETOOTH_PERMISSION_CODE
)
}
}
@Deprecated("Deprecated in Java")
@RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.S)
override fun onRequestPermissionsResult(
requestCode: Int,
permissions: Array<out String>,
grantResults: IntArray
) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults)
if (requestCode == REQUEST_BLUETOOTH_PERMISSION_CODE) {
if (grantResults.isNotEmpty() && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
// 权限被授予，可以进行蓝牙连接操作
initBluetoothGATT()
} else {
// 权限被拒绝
Toast.makeText(this, "蓝牙连接权限被拒绝", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show()
}
}
}
companion object {
private const val TAG = "BluetoothService"
// 请求权限 code
private const val REQUEST_BLUETOOTH_PERMISSION_CODE = 1001
// 定义服务 UUID
private val SERVICE_UUID: UUID = UUID.fromString("00009527-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb")
// 定义特性 UUID
private val CHARACTERISTIC_UUID: UUID =
UUID.fromString("11009527-1100-1100-1100-110011001100")
}
}

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<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
<uses-feature
android:name="android.hardware.bluetooth_le"
android:required="false" />

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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
<title>Document</title>
</head>
<body>
<button class="request">click me</button>
<script>
const request = window.document.querySelector('.request');
request.addEventListener('click', async function () {
const bluetooth = window.navigator.bluetooth;
try {
const isSupport = await bluetooth.getAvailability();
if (!isSupport) {
return window.alert('用户代理不支持蓝牙请求');
}
const bluetoothDevice = await bluetooth.requestDevice({
filters: [
{
services: [0x9527] // 过滤蓝牙服务 UUID 为 9527 的设备
}
],
optionalServices: [0x9527] // 稍后需要操作此服务
});
const server = bluetoothDevice.gatt; // 获取对蓝牙服务器的引用
if (!server.connected) {
await server.connect(); // 连接服务器
}
const service = await server.getPrimaryService(0x9527); // 获取 9527 的蓝牙服务
const characteristic = await service.getCharacteristic(
'11009527-1100-1100-1100-110011001100'
); // 获取 11009527-1100-1100-1100-110011001100 的特性
// 侦听特性值变更
characteristic.addEventListener('characteristicvaluechanged', (e) => {
console.log('characteristicvaluechanged: ', e.target.value);
});
// 读取特性值
const value = await characteristic.readValue();
// 编码响应
console.log(new TextDecoder().decode(value));
} catch (err) {
window.alert('Error: ' + err.message);
}
});
</script>
</body>
</html>

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