一、概述
XGBoost是一种基于决策树的集成学习算法,它在处理结构化数据方面表现优异。相比其他算法,XGBoost能够处理大量特征和样本,并且支持通过正则化控制模型的复杂度。XGBoost也可以自动进行特征选择并对缺失值进行处理。
二、代码实现步骤
1、导入相关库- import org.apache.spark.ml.Pipeline;
- import org.apache.spark.ml.evaluation.RegressionEvaluator;
- import org.apache.spark.ml.feature.VectorAssembler;
- import org.apache.spark.ml.regression.{GBTRegressionModel, GBTRegressor};
- import org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame;
- import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession;
复制代码 2、加载数据- SparkSession spark = SparkSession.builder().appName("XGBoost").master("local[*]").getOrCreate();
- DataFrame data = spark.read().option("header", "true").option("inferSchema", "true").csv("data.csv");
复制代码 3、准备特征向量- String[] featureCols = data.columns();
- featureCols = Arrays.copyOfRange(featureCols, 0, featureCols.length - 1);
- VectorAssembler assembler = new VectorAssembler().setInputCols(featureCols).setOutputCol("features");
- DataFrame inputData = assembler.transform(data).select("features", "output");
- inputData.show(false);
复制代码 4、划分训练集和测试集- double[] weights = {0.7, 0.3};
- DataFrame[] splitData = inputData.randomSplit(weights);
- DataFrame train = splitData[0];
- DataFrame test = splitData[1];
复制代码 5、定义XGBoost模型- GBTRegressor gbt = new GBTRegressor()
- .setLabelCol("output")
- .setFeaturesCol("features")
- .setMaxIter(100)
- .setStepSize(0.1)
- .setMaxDepth(6)
- .setLossType("squared")
- .setFeatureSubsetStrategy("auto");
复制代码 6、构建管道- Pipeline pipeline = new Pipeline().setStages(new PipelineStage[]{gbt});
复制代码 7、训练模型- GBTRegressionModel model = (GBTRegressionModel) pipeline.fit(train).stages()[0];
复制代码 8、进行预测并评估模型- DataFrame predictions = model.transform(test);
- predictions.show(false);
- RegressionEvaluator evaluator = new RegressionEvaluator()
- .setMetricName("rmse")
- .setLabelCol("output")
- .setPredictionCol("prediction");
- double rmse = evaluator.evaluate(predictions);
- System.out.println("Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) on test data = " + rmse);
复制代码 以上就是Java语言中基于SparkML的XGBoost算法实现的示例代码。需要注意的是,这里使用了GBTRegressor作为XGBoost的实现方式,但是也可以使用其他实现方式,例如XGBoostRegressor或者XGBoostClassification。
三、完整代码
- import org.apache.spark.ml.Pipeline;
- import org.apache.spark.ml.evaluation.RegressionEvaluator;
- import org.apache.spark.ml.feature.VectorAssembler;
- import org.apache.spark.ml.regression.{GBTRegressionModel, GBTRegressor};
- import org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame;
- import org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession;import java.util.Arrays;public class XGBoostExample { public static void main(String[] args) { SparkSession spark = SparkSession.builder().appName("XGBoost").master("local
- [*]").getOrCreate(); // 加载数据 DataFrame data = spark.read().option("header", "true").option("inferSchema", "true").csv("data.csv"); data.printSchema(); data.show(false); // 准备特征向量 String[] featureCols = data.columns(); featureCols = Arrays.copyOfRange(featureCols, 0, featureCols.length - 1); VectorAssembler assembler = new VectorAssembler().setInputCols(featureCols).setOutputCol("features"); DataFrame inputData = assembler.transform(data).select("features", "output"); inputData.show(false); // 划分训练集和测试集 double[] weights = {0.7, 0.3}; DataFrame[] splitData = inputData.randomSplit(weights); DataFrame train = splitData[0]; DataFrame test = splitData[1]; // 定义XGBoost模型 GBTRegressor gbt = new GBTRegressor() .setLabelCol("output") .setFeaturesCol("features") .setMaxIter(100) .setStepSize(0.1) .setMaxDepth(6) .setLossType("squared") .setFeatureSubsetStrategy("auto"); // 构建管道 Pipeline pipeline = new Pipeline().setStages(new PipelineStage[]{gbt}); // 训练模型 GBTRegressionModel model = (GBTRegressionModel) pipeline.fit(train).stages()[0]; // 进行预测并评估模型 DataFrame predictions = model.transform(test); predictions.show(false); RegressionEvaluator evaluator = new RegressionEvaluator() .setMetricName("rmse") .setLabelCol("output") .setPredictionCol("prediction"); double rmse = evaluator.evaluate(predictions); System.out.println("Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) on test data = " + rmse); spark.stop(); }}
复制代码 在运行代码之前需要将数据文件data.csv放置到程序所在目录下,以便加载数据。另外,需要将代码中的相关路径和参数按照实际情况进行修改。
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