NoSQL 和关系数据库的操作比力
实验目的
- 理解四种数据库(MySQL、HBase、Redis 和 MongoDB)的概念以及不同点;
- 熟练使用四种数据库操作常用的 Shell 命令;
- 熟悉四种数据库操作常用的 Java API。
实验平台
- 操作系统:centos7
- Hadoop 版本:3.3;
- MySQL 版本:8.0.22;
- HBase 版本:2.4.11;
- Redis 版本:5.0.5;
- MongoDB 版本:5.0;
- JDK 版本:1.8;
- Java IDE:IDEA;
实验步骤
(一)MySQL 数据库操作
Student 表如表 A-4 所示:
NameEnglishMathComputerzhangsan698677lisi5510088 根据上面给出的 Student 表,在 MySQL 数据库中完成如下操作:
(1)在 MySQL 中创建 Student 表,并录入数;
(2)用 SQL 语句输出 Student 表中的所有记录
(3)查询 zhangsan 的 Computer 结果
(4)修改 lisi 的 Math 结果,改为 95。
根据上面已经设计出的 Student 表,使用 MySQL 的 JAVA 客户端编程实现以下操作:
(1)向 Student 表中添加如下所示的一条记录:
- package Main;
- import java.sql.*;
- import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
- public class main{
- static final String DRIVER="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
- static final String DB="jdbc:mysql://localhost/student?useSSL=false";
- static final String USER="root";
- static final String PASSWD="123456";
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Connection conn=null;
- Statement stmt=null;
- try {
- //加载驱动程序
- Class.forName(DRIVER);
- System.out.println("Connecting to a selected database...");
- //打开一个连接
- conn=DriverManager.getConnection(DB, USER, PASSWD);
- //执行一个查询
- stmt=conn.createStatement();
- String sql="insert into student values('scofield',45,89,100)";
- stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
- System.out.println("Inserting records into the table successfully!");
- } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }finally
- {
- if(stmt!=null)
- try {
- stmt.close();
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- if(conn!=null)
- try {
- conn.close();
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 运行结果

(2) 获取 scofield 的 English 结果信息
- package Main;
- import java.sql.*;
- import com.mysql.jdbc.Driver;
- public class main {
- static final String DRIVER="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
- static final String DB="jdbc:mysql://localhost/student?useSSL=false";
- //Database auth
- static final String USER="root";
- static final String PASSWD="root";
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Connection conn=null;
- Statement stmt=null;
- ResultSet rs=null;
- try {
- Class.forName(DRIVER);
- System.out.println("Connecting to a selected database...");
- conn=DriverManager.getConnection(DB, USER, PASSWD);
- stmt=conn.createStatement();
- String sql="select name,English from student where name='scofield' ";
- rs=stmt.executeQuery(sql);
- System.out.println("name"+"\t\t"+"English");
- while(rs.next())
- {
- System.out.print(rs.getString(1)+"\t\t");
- System.out.println(rs.getInt(2));
- }
- } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }finally
- {
- if(rs!=null)
- try {
- rs.close();
- } catch (SQLException e1) {
- e1.printStackTrace();
- }
- if(stmt!=null)
- try {
- stmt.close();
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- if(conn!=null)
- try {
- conn.close();
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
复制代码 运行结果:

HBase 数据库操作
Student 表如表 A-5 所示。
nameEnglishMathComputerzhangsan608677lisi5510088 根据上面给出的门生表 Student 的信息,实行如下操作:
(1)用 Hbase Shell 命令创建门生表 Student
(2)用 scan 指令浏览 Student 表的相关信息
(3)查询 zhangsan 的 Computer 结果
(4)修改 lisi 的 Math 结果,改为 95
根据上面已经设计出的 Student 表,用 HBase API 编程实现以下操作:
(1)添加数据
scofield4589100- package Main;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
- public class main {
- public static Configuration configuration;
- public static Connection connection;
- public static Admin admin;
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
- configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://127.0.0.1:8020/hbase");
- try{
- connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
- admin = connection.getAdmin();
- }catch (IOException e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try {
- insertRow("student","scofield","score","English","45");
- insertRow("student","scofield","score","Math","89");
- insertRow("student","scofield","score","Computer","100");
- } catch (IOException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- close();
- }
- public static void insertRow(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily,
- String col,String val) throws IOException {
- Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
- Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
- put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
- table.put(put);
- table.close();
- }
- public static void close(){
- try{
- if(admin != null){
- admin.close();
- }
- if(null != connection){
- connection.close();
- }
- }catch (IOException e){
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 运行结果

(2)获取 scofield 的 English 结果信息
- package Main;
- import java.io.IOException;
- import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
- import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
- public class main {
- public static Configuration configuration;
- public static Connection connection;
- public static Admin admin;
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- // TODO Auto-generated method stub
- configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
- configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://127.0.0.1:8020/hbase");
- try {
- connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
- admin = connection.getAdmin();
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- try {
- getData("student", "scofield", "score", "English");
- } catch (IOException e) {
- // TODO Auto-generated catch block
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- close();
- }
- public static void getData(String tableName, String rowKey, String colFamily,
- String col) throws IOException {
- Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
- Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
- get.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes());
- Result result = table.get(get);
- showCell(result);
- table.close();
- }
- public static void showCell(Result result) {
- Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
- for (Cell cell : cells) {
- System.out.println("RowName:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
- System.out.println("Timetamp:" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
- System.out.println("column Family:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
- System.out.println("row Name:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
- System.out.println("value:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
- }
- }
- public static void close() {
- try {
- if (admin != null) {
- admin.close();
- }
- if (null != connection) {
- connection.close();
- }
- } catch (IOException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 运行结果

Redis 数据库操作
Student 键值对如下:
zhangsan:{
English: 69
Math: 86
Computer: 77
}
lisi:{
English: 55
Math: 100
Computer: 88
}
根据上面给出的键值对,完成如下操作:
(1)用 Redis 的哈希布局设计出门生表 Student(键值可以用 student.zhangsan 和student.lisi 来表现两个键值属于同一个表);
(2)用 hgetall 命令分别输出 zhangsan 和 lisi 的结果信息;
(3)用 hget 命令查询 zhangsan 的 Computer 结果;
(4)修改 lisi 的 Math 结果,改为 95
根据上面已经设计出的门生表 Student,用 Redis 的 JAVA 客户端编程(jedis),实现如下操作:
(1)添加数据:English:69 Math:86 Computer:77
scofield:{
English: 69
Math: 86
Computer: 77
}
- package Main;
- import java.util.Map;
- import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
- public class main {
- /**
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Jedis jedis = new Jedis("127.0.0.1:6379");
- jedis.hset("student.scofield", "English","45");
- jedis.hset("student.scofield", "Math","89");
- jedis.hset("student.scofield", "Computer","100");
- Map<String,String> value = jedis.hgetAll("student.scofield");
- for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:value.entrySet())
- {
- System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+entry.getValue());
- }
- }
- }
- (2)获取 scofield 的 English 成绩信息
- package Main;
- import java.util.Map;
- import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
- public class main {
- /**
- * @param args
- */
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- Jedis jedis = new Jedis("localhost");
- jedis.hset("student.scofield", "English","45");
- jedis.hset("student.scofield", "Math","89");
- jedis.hset("student.scofield", "Computer","100");
- Map<String,String> value = jedis.hgetAll("student.scofield");
- for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry:value.entrySet())
- {
- System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+entry.getValue());
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 (四)MongoDB 数据库操作
Student 文档如下:
{
“name”: “zhangsan”, “score”: {“English”: 69, “Math”: 86, “Computer”: 77}
}
{
“name”: “lisi”, “score”: {“English”: 55, “Math”: 100,“Computer”: 88}
}
根据上面给出的文档,完成如下操作:
(1)用 MongoDB Shell 设计出 student 集合;
(2)用 find()方法输出两个门生的信息;
(3)用 find 函数查询 zhangsan 的所有结果(只显示 score 列)
(4)修改 lisi 的 Math 结果,改为 95。
根据上面已经设计出的 Student 集合,用 MongoDB 的 Java 客户端编程,实现如下操作:
(1)添加数据:English:45 Math:89 Computer:100
与上述数据对应的文档情势如下:
“name”: “scofield”,
“score”: {“English”: 45,“Math”: 89, “Computer”: 100}
- package Main;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import org.bson.Document;
- import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
- import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
- import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
- public class main {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost", 27017);
- MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("student");
- MongoCollection<Document> collection = mongoDatabase.getCollection("student");
- Document document = new Document("name", "scofield").
- append("score", new Document("English", 45).
- append("Math", 89).
- append("Computer", 100));
- List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<Document>();
- documents.add(document);
- collection.insertMany(documents);
- System.out.println("文档插入成功");
- }
- }
复制代码
(2)获取 scofield 的所有结果结果信息(只显示core)
- package Main;
- import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
- import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
- import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;
- import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
- import org.bson.Document;
- public class main {
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- MongoClient mongoClient=new MongoClient("localhost",27017);
- MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("student");
- MongoCollection<Document> collection = mongoDatabase.getCollection("student");
- MongoCursor<Document> cursor=collection.find( new Document("name","scofield")).
- projection(new Document("score",1).append("_id", 0)).iterator();
- while(cursor.hasNext())
- System.out.println(cursor.next().toJson());
- }
- }
复制代码
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