mysql多实例部署

目录

• 1.软件下载
  
• 2.配置用户和组并解压二进制程序至/usr/local下
  
• 3.创建各实例数据存放的目录
  
• 4.初始化各示例
  
• 5.配置配置文件/etc/my.cnf
  
• 6.启动各示例
  
• 7.使用system控制启动
  
• 8.初始化密码
  

1.软件下载

1. [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/
2. [root@localhost src]# wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
3. --2022-07-29 13:28:14--  https://cdn.mysql.com/archives/mysql-5.7/mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
4. Resolving cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)... 23.2.84.230
5. Connecting to cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)|23.2.84.230|:443... connected.
6. HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
7. Length: 674830866 (644M) [application/x-tar-gz]
8. Saving to: 'mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz'
10. mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x 100%[==================================================>] 643.57M  3.35MB/s    in 4m 15s  
12. 2022-07-29 13:32:30 (2.52 MB/s) - 'mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz' saved [674830866/674830866]
13. [root@localhost src]# ls
14. debug  kernels  mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

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2.配置用户和组并解压二进制程序至/usr/local下

1. [root@localhost src]# useradd -M -r -s /sbin/nologin mysql
2. [root@localhost src]# id mysql
3. uid=995(mysql) gid=992(mysql) groups=992(mysql)
4. [root@localhost src]# tar xf mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
5. [root@localhost src]# cd
6. [root@localhost ~]# ls /usr/local/
7. bin  etc  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  sbin  share  src
8. [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/
9. [root@localhost local]# ln -sv mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
10. 'mysql' -> 'mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64'
11. [root@localhost local]# ll
12. total 0
13. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 bin
14. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 etc
15. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 games
16. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 include
17. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 lib
18. drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  17 Jul 12 21:45 lib64
19. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 libexec
20. lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root  35 Jul 29 13:39 mysql -> mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
21. drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Jul 29 13:38 mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
22. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 sbin
23. drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Jul 12 21:45 share
24. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Jun 22  2021 src
26. //修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组
27. [root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql mysql*
28. [root@localhost local]# ll /usr/local/mysql -d
29. lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 35 Jul 29 13:39 /usr/local/mysql -> mysql-5.7.38-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
31. //配置环境变量
32. [root@localhost local]# echo 'export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
33. [root@localhost local]# source /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
34. [root@localhost local]# echo $PATH
35. /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin
37. //创建头文件
38. [root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
39. [root@localhost mysql]# ls
40. LICENSE  README  bin  docs  include  lib  man  share  support-files
42. [root@localhost mysql]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql                //配置软链接
43. '/usr/include/mysql' -> '/usr/local/mysql/include/'               
44. [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/include/mysql
45. [root@localhost ~]# ll -d /usr/include/mysql
46. lrwxrwxrwx. 1 mysql mysql 25 Jul 29 14:37 /usr/include/mysql -> /usr/local/mysql/include/
48. [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
49. /usr/local/mysql/lib/
50. [root@localhost ~]# ldconfig
51. [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/man_db.conf
52. #MANDATORY_MANPATH                      /usr/src/pvm3/man
53. #
54. MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/man
55. MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/share/man
56. MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/share/man
57. MANDATORY_MANPATH                       /usr/local/mysql/man                //添加一行

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3.创建各实例数据存放的目录

1. [root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/data/{3306,3307,3308}
2. [root@localhost ~]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/
3. [root@localhost ~]# ll /opt/data/
4. total 0
5. drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Jul 29 13:45 3306
6. drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Jul 29 13:45 3307
7. drwxr-xr-x. 2 mysql mysql 6 Jul 29 13:45 3308
8. [root@localhost ~]# tree /opt/data/
9. /opt/data/
10. |-- 3306
11. |-- 3307
12. `-- 3308

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4.初始化各示例

1. //初始化3306
2. [root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3306
3. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.206397Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
4. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.369296Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
5. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.403256Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
6. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.462960Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 03b0e61e-0f02-11ed-b4ce-000c296d5362.
7. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.464340Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
8. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.643259Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
9. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.643284Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
10. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.643585Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
11. 2022-07-29T05:48:04.717924Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ,dASzpwwE3RJ
12. [root@localhost ~]# echo ',dASzpwwE3RJ' > 3306
13. [root@localhost ~]# ls
14. 3306  anaconda-ks.cfg
17. //初始化3307
18. [root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3307
19. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.037700Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
20. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.195218Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
21. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.224130Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
22. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.281903Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 363f3e1c-0f02-11ed-8fdd-000c296d5362.
23. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.283175Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
24. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.523082Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
25. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.523118Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
26. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.523503Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
27. 2022-07-29T05:49:29.581009Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: )MhldlF<o23j
28. [root@localhost ~]# echo ')MhldlF<o23j' > 3307
29. [root@localhost ~]# ls
30. 3306  3307  anaconda-ks.cfg
33. //初始化3308
34. [root@localhost ~]# mysqld --initialize --user mysql --datadir /opt/data/3308
35. 2022-07-29T05:50:14.735254Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
36. 2022-07-29T05:50:14.892190Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
37. 2022-07-29T05:50:14.915269Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
38. 2022-07-29T05:50:14.973272Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 517b3121-0f02-11ed-a3f6-000c296d5362.
39. 2022-07-29T05:50:14.974697Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
40. 2022-07-29T05:50:15.340479Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
41. 2022-07-29T05:50:15.340510Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
42. 2022-07-29T05:50:15.341068Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
43. 2022-07-29T05:50:15.368072Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: tkdnhiEk>5vh
44. [root@localhost ~]# echo 'tkdnhiEk>5vh' > 3308
45. [root@localhost ~]# ls
46. 3306  3307  3308  anaconda-ks.cfg

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5.配置配置文件/etc/my.cnf

1. [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
2. [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
3. [mysqld_multi]
4. mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
5. mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
7. [mysqld3306]
8. datadir = /opt/data/3306
9. port = 3306
10. socket = /tmp/mysql3306.sock
11. pid-file = /opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid
12. log-error=/var/log/3306.log
14. [mysqld3307]
15. datadir = /opt/data/3307
16. port = 3307
17. socket = /tmp/mysql3307.sock
18. pid-file = /opt/data/3307/mysql_3307.pid
19. log-error=/var/log/3307.log
21. [mysqld3308]
22. datadir = /opt/data/3308
23. port = 3308
24. socket = /tmp/mysql3308.sock
25. pid-file = /opt/data/3308/mysql_3308.pid
26. log-error=/var/log/3308.log

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6.启动各示例

1. [root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
2. -bash: /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi: /usr/bin/perl: bad interpreter: No such file or directory                                //需要下载perl包
3. [root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install perl
4. [root@localhost mysql]# yum install ncurses-compat-libs
5. [root@localhost mysql]# file /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi
6. /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi: Perl script text executable
7. [root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3306
8. [root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3307
9. [root@localhost ~]# mysqld_multi start 3308
10. [root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
11. State         Recv-Q        Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port        Process        
12. LISTEN        0             128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                          
13. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3308                          *:*                          
14. LISTEN        0             128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*                          
15. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3306                          *:*                          
16. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3307                          *:*                          

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7.使用system控制启动

1. //需要先把mysql服务停止 //mysqld_mulit 命令停止不了只能杀进程
2. [root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep 3306 | grep -v grep
3. root       77016       1  0 13:55 pts/0    00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --port=3306 --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --pid-file=/opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid --log-error=/var/log/3306.log
4. mysql      77152   77016  0 13:55 pts/0    00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/opt/data/3306 --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/3306.log --pid-file=/opt/data/3306/mysql_3306.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql3306.sock --port=3306
5. [root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep 3306 | grep -v grep | awk '{print$2}'
6. 77016
7. 77152
8. [root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep 3306 | grep -v grep | awk '{print$2}' | xargs kill -9
9. [root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
10. State         Recv-Q        Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port        Process        
11. LISTEN        0             128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                          
12. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3308                          *:*                          
13. LISTEN        0             128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*                          
14. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3307                          *:*                          
15. [root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep 3307 | grep -v grep | awk '{print$2}' | xargs kill -9
16. [root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
17. State         Recv-Q        Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port        Process        
18. LISTEN        0             128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                          
19. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3308                          *:*                          
20. LISTEN        0             128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*                          
21. [root@localhost ~]# ps -ef | grep 3308 | grep -v grep | awk '{print$2}' | xargs kill -9
22. [root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
23. State         Recv-Q        Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port        Process        
24. LISTEN        0             128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                          
25. LISTEN        0             128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*                        
27. //找个一个系统默认可以使用system控制的配置文件进行cp一下，并进行修改
28. [root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/3306.service
30. //配置3306
31. [root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/3306.service
32. [Unit]
33. Description=3306 server daemon
34. After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
36. [Service]
37. Type=forking
38. ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3306
39. ExecStop=ps -ef | grep 3306 | grep -v grep | awk '{print$2}' | xargs kill -9
40. ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
42. [Install]
43. WantedBy=multi-user.target
45. //配置3307
46. [root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/3306.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/3307.service
47. [root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/3307.service    //使用:% s/6/7/g一键替换
48. [Unit]
49. Description=3307 server daemon
50. After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
52. [Service]
53. Type=forking
54. ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3307
55. ExecStop=ps -ef | grep 3307 | grep -v grep | awk '{print$2}' | xargs kill -9
56. ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
58. [Install]
59. WantedBy=multi-user.target
62. //配置3308
63. [root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/3306.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/3308.service
64. [root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/3308.service     //使用:% s/6/7/g一键替换
65. [Unit]
66. Description=3308 server daemon
67. After=network.target sshd-keygen.target
69. [Service]
70. Type=forking
71. ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi start 3308
72. ExecStop=ps -ef | grep 3308 | grep -v grep | awk '{print$2}' | xargs kill -9
73. ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
75. [Install]
76. WantedBy=multi-user.target
78. //刷新一下
79. [root@localhost ~]# systemctl daemon-reload               
81. //关闭防火墙和selinux
82. [root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
83. [root@localhost ~]# systemctl disable firewalld
84. Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
85. Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
86. [root@localhost ~]# setenforce 0
87. [root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/selinux/config
88. SELINUX=disabled
90. //启动3306，3307，3308
91. [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start 3306
92. Job for 3306.service failed because the control process exited with error code.
93. See "systemctl status 3306.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.  //没有找到my_print_defaults这个文件
95. //创建一个软链接到/usr/bin下
96. [root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/my_print_defaults /usr/bin/my_print_defaults
97. [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start 3306
98. [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start 3307
99. [root@localhost ~]# systemctl start 3308
100. [root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
101. State         Recv-Q        Send-Q               Local Address:Port               Peer Address:Port        Process        
102. LISTEN        0             128                        0.0.0.0:22                      0.0.0.0:*                          
103. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3308                          *:*                          
104. LISTEN        0             128                           [::]:22                         [::]:*                          
105. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3306                          *:*                          
106. LISTEN        0             80                               *:3307                          *:*                          

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8.初始化密码

1. //3306
2. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p',dASzpwwE3RJ' -S /tmp/mysql.sock
3. mysql> set password = password('123456');
4. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
6. //3307
7. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p')MhldlF<o23j' -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
8. mysql> set password = password('123456');
9. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
11. //3308
12. [root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p'tkdnhiEk>5vh' -S /tmp/mysql3308.sock
13. mysql> set password = password('123456');
14. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)

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