pytest分布式执行插件 pytest-xdist 的高级用法

想要使用多个CPU核心来进行测试，可以使用 -n 参数( 或者 --numprocesses)
(使用8个核心来跑测试用例)

1. pytest -n 8

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使用 -n auto 参数可以利用电脑的所有核心来跑测试用例
测试时使用的算法可以根据--dist命令参数定制：

• --dist load(默认选项)：给每个CPU核心随机分配用例，不保证执行顺序。
  
• --dist loadscope：对于测试函数，测试按模块分组，对于测试方法，测试按类分组。每组作为一个整体分配给可用的worker。这保证了组中的所有测试都在同一进程中运行。如果的模块级或类级fixtures，这将非常有用。按类分组优先于按模块分组。
  
• --dist loadfile: 测试用例按其所在文件分组。每组作为一个整体分配给可用的worker。这保证了文件中的所有测试都在同一个辅助进程中运行。
  
• --dist loadgroup: 测试按xdist_group标记分组。每组作为一个整体分配给可用的执行器。这保证了具有相同xdist_ group名称的所有测试都在同一个worker中运行。
  

1. @pytest.mark.xdist_group(name="group1")
2. def test1():
3.     pass
5. class TestA:
6.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1")
7.     def test2():
8.         pass-

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这将确保test1和TestA:：test2将在同一个worker中运行。没有xdist_ group标记的测试在--dist=load模式下正常运行。

• --dist no：正常的pytest执行模式，一次运行一个测试（完全没有分发）。
  

例子：
项目目录结构

xdist_test.py

1. import logging
3. import pytest
6. class TestXdist(object):
8.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1")
9.     def test_one(self):
10.         logging.info("1")
11.         assert True
13.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1")
14.     def test_two(self):
15.         logging.info("2")
16.         assert True
18.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group2")
19.     def test_three(self):
20.         logging.info("3")
21.         assert True
23.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group2")
24.     def test_four(self):
25.         logging.info("4")
26.         assert True

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xdist_dummy_test.py

1. import logging
3. import pytest
6. class TestXdist(object):
7.     @pytest.mark.run(order=1)
8.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1")
9.     def test_dummy_one(self):
10.         logging.info("d1")
11.         assert True
13.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group1")
14.     @pytest.mark.run(order=2)
15.     def test_dummy_two(self):
16.         logging.info("d2")
17.         assert True
19.     @pytest.mark.run(order=3)
20.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group2")
21.     def test_dummy_three(self):
22.         logging.info("d3")
23.         assert True
25.     @pytest.mark.xdist_group("group2")
26.     @pytest.mark.run(order=4)
27.     def test_dummy_four(self):
28.         logging.info("d4")
29.         assert True

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1. (venv) ➜  pytest pytest -n auto --dist loadscope
2. =========================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================
3. platform darwin -- Python 3.8.9, pytest-7.1.2, pluggy-1.0.0
4. rootdir: /Users/spock/PycharmProjects/pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
5. plugins: xdist-2.5.0, forked-1.4.0, ordering-0.6
6. [gw0] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
7. [gw1] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
8. [gw2] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
9. [gw3] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
10. [gw4] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
11. [gw5] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
12. [gw6] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
13. [gw7] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
14. gw0 [8] / gw1 [8] / gw2 [8] / gw3 [8] / gw4 [8] / gw5 [8] / gw6 [8] / gw7 [8]
15. scheduling tests via LoadScopeScheduling
17. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one
18. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one
19. [gw0] [ 12%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one
20. [gw1] [ 25%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one
21. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two
22. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two
23. [gw1] [ 37%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two
24. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three
25. [gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two
26. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three
27. [gw1] [ 62%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three
28. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four
29. [gw0] [ 75%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three
30. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four
31. [gw1] [ 87%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four
32. [gw0] [100%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four
33. ============================================================================ 8 passed in 0.40s ============================================================================

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1. (venv) ➜  pytest pytest -n auto --dist loadfile
2. =========================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================
3. platform darwin -- Python 3.8.9, pytest-7.1.2, pluggy-1.0.0
4. rootdir: /Users/spock/PycharmProjects/pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
5. plugins: xdist-2.5.0, forked-1.4.0, ordering-0.6
6. [gw0] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
7. [gw1] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
8. [gw2] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
9. [gw3] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
10. [gw4] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
11. [gw5] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
12. [gw6] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
13. [gw7] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
14. gw0 [8] / gw1 [8] / gw2 [8] / gw3 [8] / gw4 [8] / gw5 [8] / gw6 [8] / gw7 [8]
15. scheduling tests via LoadFileScheduling
17. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one
18. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one
19. [gw1] [ 12%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one
20. [gw0] [ 25%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one
21. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two
22. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two
23. [gw1] [ 37%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two
24. [gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two
25. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three
26. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three
27. [gw1] [ 62%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three
28. [gw0] [ 75%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three
29. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four
30. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four
31. [gw1] [ 87%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four
32. [gw0] [100%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four
34. ============================================================================ 8 passed in 0.38s ============================================================================

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1. (venv) ➜  pytest pytest -n auto --dist loadgroup
2. =========================================================================== test session starts ===========================================================================
3. platform darwin -- Python 3.8.9, pytest-7.1.2, pluggy-1.0.0
4. rootdir: /Users/spock/PycharmProjects/pytest, configfile: pytest.ini
5. plugins: xdist-2.5.0, forked-1.4.0, ordering-0.6
6. [gw0] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
7. [gw1] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
8. [gw2] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
9. [gw3] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
10. [gw4] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
11. [gw5] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
12. [gw6] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
13. [gw7] Python 3.8.9 (default, May 17 2022, 12:55:41)  -- [Clang 13.1.6 (clang-1316.0.21.2.5)]
14. gw0 [8] / gw1 [8] / gw2 [8] / gw3 [8] / gw4 [8] / gw5 [8] / gw6 [8] / gw7 [8]
15. scheduling tests via LoadGroupScheduling
17. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three@group2
18. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one@group1
19. [gw1] [ 12%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_three@group2
20. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four@group2
21. [gw0] [ 25%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_one@group1
22. [gw1] [ 37%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_four@group2
23. test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two@group1
24. [gw0] [ 50%] PASSED test2/xdist_dummy_test.py::TestXdist::test_dummy_two@group1
25. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three@group2
26. [gw1] [ 62%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_three@group2
27. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four@group2
28. [gw1] [ 75%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_four@group2
29. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one@group1
30. [gw0] [ 87%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_one@group1
31. test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two@group1
32. [gw0] [100%] PASSED test/xdist_test.py::TestXdist::test_two@group1
34. ============================================================================ 8 passed in 0.40s ============================================================================

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