Socket编程 (毗连,发送消息) (Tcp、Udp)
本篇文章主要实现Socket在Tcp\Udp协议下相互通讯的方式。(服务器端与客户端的通讯)
1.基于Tcp协议的Socket通讯雷同于B/S架构,面向毗连,但差别的是服务器端可以向客户端主动推送消息。
利用Tcp协议通讯必要具备以下几个条件:
(1).创建一个套接字(Socket)
(2).绑定服务器端IP地址及端口号–服务器端
(3).利用Listen()方法开启监听–服务器端
(4).利用Accept()方法尝试与客户端创建一个毗连–服务器端
(5).利用Connect()方法与服务器创建毗连–客户端
(5).利用Send()方法向创建毗连的主机发送消息
(6).利用Recive()方法接受来自创建毗连的主机的消息(可靠毗连)
2.基于Udp协议是无毗连模式通讯,占用资源少,相应速度快,延时低。至于可靠性,可通过应用层的控制来满足。(不可靠毗连)
(1).创建一个套接字(Socket)
(2).绑定服务器端IP地址及端口号–服务器端
(3).通过SendTo()方法向指定主机发送消息(需提供主机IP地址及端口)
(4).通过ReciveFrom()方法吸收指定主机发送的消息(需提供主机IP地址及端口)
1、服务端
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Text;
- #region 命名空间
- using System.Net;
- using System.Net.Sockets;
- using System.Threading;
- #endregion
- namespace SocketServerConsole
- {
- class Program
- {
- #region 控制台主函数
- /// <summary>
- /// 控制台主函数
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="args"></param>
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- //主机IP
- IPEndPoint serverIP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.105"), 8686);
- Console.WriteLine("请选择连接方式:");
- Console.WriteLine("A.Tcp");
- Console.WriteLine("B.Udp");
- ConsoleKey key;
- while (true)
- {
- key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
- if (key == ConsoleKey.A) TcpServer(serverIP);
- else if (key == ConsoleKey.B) UdpServer(serverIP);
- else
- {
- Console.WriteLine("输入有误,请重新输入:");
- continue;
- }
- break;
- }
- }
- #endregion
- #region Tcp连接方式
- /// <summary>
- /// Tcp连接方式
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="serverIP"></param>
- public static void TcpServer(IPEndPoint serverIP)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("客户端Tcp连接模式");
- Socket tcpServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
- tcpServer.Bind(serverIP);
- tcpServer.Listen(100);
- Console.WriteLine("开启监听...");
- new Thread(() =>
- {
- while (true)
- {
- try
- {
- TcpRecive(tcpServer.Accept());
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
- break;
- }
- }
- }).Start();
- Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入"Q"键退出。");
- ConsoleKey key;
- do
- {
- key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
- } while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
- tcpServer.Close();
- }
- public static void TcpRecive(Socket tcpClient)
- {
- new Thread(() =>
- {
- while (true)
- {
- byte[] data = new byte[1024];
- try
- {
- int length = tcpClient.Receive(data);
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
- break;
- }
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("收到消息:{0}", Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
- string sendMsg = "收到消息!";
- tcpClient.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMsg));
- }
- }).Start();
- }
- #endregion
- #region Udp连接方式
- /// <summary>
- /// Udp连接方式
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="serverIP"></param>
- public static void UdpServer(IPEndPoint serverIP)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("客户端Udp模式");
- Socket udpServer = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
- udpServer.Bind(serverIP);
- IPEndPoint ipep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
- EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)ipep;
- new Thread(() =>
- {
- while (true)
- {
- byte[] data = new byte[1024];
- try
- {
- int length = udpServer.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);//接受来自服务器的数据
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
- break;
- }
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
- string sendMsg = "收到消息!";
- udpServer.SendTo(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(sendMsg), SocketFlags.None, Remote);
- }
- }).Start();
- Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入"Q"键退出。");
- ConsoleKey key;
- do
- {
- key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
- } while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
- udpServer.Close();
- }
- #endregion
- }
- }
复制代码 2、客户端
- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Text;
- #region 命名空间
- using System.Net.Sockets;
- using System.Net;
- using System.Threading;
- #endregion
- namespace SocketClientConsole
- {
- class Program
- {
- #region 控制台主函数
- /// <summary>
- /// 控制台主函数
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="args"></param>
- static void Main(string[] args)
- {
- //主机IP
- IPEndPoint serverIP = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.1.77"), 8686);
- Console.WriteLine("请选择连接方式:");
- Console.WriteLine("A.Tcp");
- Console.WriteLine("B.Udp");
- ConsoleKey key;
- while (true)
- {
- key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
- if (key == ConsoleKey.A) TcpServer(serverIP);
- else if (key == ConsoleKey.B) UdpClient(serverIP);
- else
- {
- Console.WriteLine("输入有误,请重新输入:");
- continue;
- }
- break;
- }
- }
- #endregion
- #region Tcp连接方式
- /// <summary>
- /// Tcp连接方式
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="serverIP"></param>
- public static void TcpServer(IPEndPoint serverIP)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("客户端Tcp连接模式");
- Socket tcpClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
- try
- {
- tcpClient.Connect(serverIP);
- }
- catch (SocketException e)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("连接出错:{0}", e.Message));
- Console.WriteLine("点击任何键退出!");
- Console.ReadKey();
- return;
- }
- Console.WriteLine("客户端:client-->server");
- string message = "我上线了...";
- tcpClient.Send(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message));
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("发送消息:{0}", message));
- new Thread(() =>
- {
- while (true)
- {
- byte[] data = new byte[1024];
- try
- {
- int length = tcpClient.Receive(data);
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
- break;
- }
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
- }
- }).Start();
- Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入"Q"键退出。");
- ConsoleKey key;
- do
- {
- key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
- } while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
- tcpClient.Close();
- }
- #endregion
- #region Udp连接方式
- /// <summary>
- /// Udp连接方式
- /// </summary>
- /// <param name="serverIP"></param>
- public static void UdpClient(IPEndPoint serverIP)
- {
- Console.WriteLine("客户端Udp模式");
- Socket udpClient = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Dgram, ProtocolType.Udp);
- string message = "我上线了...";
- udpClient.SendTo(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(message), SocketFlags.None, serverIP);
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("发送消息:{0}", message));
- IPEndPoint sender = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 0);
- EndPoint Remote = (EndPoint)sender;
- new Thread(() =>
- {
- while (true)
- {
- byte[] data = new byte[1024];
- try
- {
- int length = udpClient.ReceiveFrom(data, ref Remote);//接受来自服务器的数据
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("出现异常:{0}", ex.Message));
- break;
- }
- Console.WriteLine(string.Format("{0} 收到消息:{1}", DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"), Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data)));
- }
- }).Start();
- Console.WriteLine("\n\n输入"Q"键退出。");
- ConsoleKey key;
- do
- {
- key = Console.ReadKey(true).Key;
- } while (key != ConsoleKey.Q);
- udpClient.Close();
- }
- #endregion
- }
- }
复制代码 Tcp协议下通讯结果如下图:
客户端:

服务器端:

基于Udp协议下通讯结果如下图:
客户端:
服务器端:

总结
Tcp协议相对通讯来说相对可靠,信息不易丢失,Tcp协议发送消息,发送失败时会重复发送消息等原因。所以对于要求通讯安全较高的程序来说,选择Tcp协议的通讯相对符合。Upd协议通讯个人是比力推荐的,占用资源小,低延时,相应速度快。至于可靠性是可以通过一些应用层加以封装控制得到相应的满足。
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