序列化和反序列化

序列化方式说明

• 二进制序列化器：序列化结果人看不懂，但是序列化后体积小
  
• soap序列化器：人能看懂，没啥阅读体验，文件体积比较大
  
• xml序列化器：可阅读性好，体积中等
  
• 序列化为json格式
  

二进制序列化器

• 要序列化的实体必须标记[Serializable]特性，表示可以序列化
  
• 不想序列化的字段可以标记[NonSerialized]特性
  

实体

1. [Serializable]
2. public class People
3. {
4.     public int Id;
5.     public string Name;
6.     public string Address;
8.     [NonSerialized]
9.     public string Sex;
10. }

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序列化

1. List<People> peoples = GetPeoples();//创建一个实体集合
2. string fileName = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "log", "BinarySerialize.txt");
3. using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName,FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
4. {
5.     BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
6.     formatter.Serialize(fs, peoples);
7. }

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反序列化

1. string fileName = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "log", "BinarySerialize.txt");
2. using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
3. {
4.     BinaryFormatter formatter = new BinaryFormatter();
5.     List<People> peoples = formatter.Deserialize(fs) as List<People>;
6. }

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序列化结果
​                一个看不懂的二进制文档
soap序列化器

• 要序列化的实体必须标记[Serializable]特性，表示可以序列化
  
• 不想序列化的字段可以标记[NonSerialized]特性
  
• soap不能序列化泛型对象
  

实体

1. [Serializable]
2. public class People
3. {
4.     public int Id;
5.     public string Name;
6.     public string Address;
8.     [NonSerialized]
9.     public string Sex;
10. }

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序列化

1. List<People> peoples = GetPeoples();
2. string fileName = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "log", "SoapSerialize.txt");
3. using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
4. {
5.     SoapFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter();
6.     formatter.Serialize(fs, peoples.ToArray());
7. }

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反序列化

1. string fileName = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "log", "SoapSerialize.txt");
2. using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
3. {
4.     SoapFormatter formatter = new SoapFormatter();
5.     People[] peoples = (People[])formatter.Deserialize(fs);
6. }

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序列化结果

1. <SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:SOAP-ENC="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:clr="http://schemas.microsoft.com/soap/encoding/clr/1.0" SOAP-ENV:encoding>
2. <SOAP-ENV:Body>
3. <SOAP-ENC:Array SOAP-ENC:arrayType="a1:People[3]" xmlns:a1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/clr/nsassem/对象序列化/对象序列化%2C%20Version%3D1.0.0.0%2C%20Culture%3Dneutral%2C%20PublicKeyToken%3Dnull">
4. <item href="#ref-3"/>
5. <item href="#ref-4"/>
6. <item href="#ref-5"/>
7. </SOAP-ENC:Array>
8. <a1:People id="ref-3" xmlns:a1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/clr/nsassem/对象序列化/对象序列化%2C%20Version%3D1.0.0.0%2C%20Culture%3Dneutral%2C%20PublicKeyToken%3Dnull">
9. <Id>1</Id>
10. <Name id="ref-6">张三</Name>
11. <Address id="ref-7">江苏</Address>
12. </a1:People>
13. <a1:People id="ref-4" xmlns:a1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/clr/nsassem/对象序列化/对象序列化%2C%20Version%3D1.0.0.0%2C%20Culture%3Dneutral%2C%20PublicKeyToken%3Dnull">
14. <Id>2</Id>
15. <Name id="ref-8">李四</Name>
16. <Address id="ref-9">安徽</Address>
17. </a1:People>
18. <a1:People id="ref-5" xmlns:a1="http://schemas.microsoft.com/clr/nsassem/对象序列化/对象序列化%2C%20Version%3D1.0.0.0%2C%20Culture%3Dneutral%2C%20PublicKeyToken%3Dnull">
19. <Id>3</Id>
20. <Name id="ref-10">王五</Name>
21. <Address id="ref-11">浙江</Address>
22. </a1:People>
23. </SOAP-ENV:Body>
24. </SOAP-ENV:Envelope>

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XML序列化器

• 创建XML序列化器时需要传入需要序列化的对象的类型
  
• 不想序列化的字段可以标记[XmlIgnore]特性
  
• 
  

实体

1. public class People
2. {
3.     public int Id;
4.     [XmlElement(ElementName = "姓名")]//设置节点别名
5.     public string Name;
6.     [XmlIgnore]//忽略Address不进行序列化
7.     public string Address;
9.     [XmlAttribute(AttributeName = "性别")]//设置这个字段作为xml中的属性出现，并设置了属性名称
10.     public string Sex;
11. }

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序列化

1. List<People> peoples = GetPeoples();
2. string fileName = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "log", "XmlSerialize.xml");
3. using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
4. {
5.     XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<People>));
6.     formatter.Serialize(fs, peoples);
7. }

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反序列化

1. string fileName = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "log", "XmlSerialize.xml");
2. using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
3. {
4.     XmlSerializer formatter = new XmlSerializer(typeof(List<People>));
5.     List<People> peoples = (List<People>)formatter.Deserialize(fs);
6. }

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序列化结果

1. <?xml version="1.0"?>
2. <ArrayOfPeople xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
3.   <People 性别="男">
4.     <Id>1</Id>
5.     <姓名>张三</姓名>
6.   </People>
7.   <People 性别="女">
8.     <Id>2</Id>
9.     <姓名>李四</姓名>
10.   </People>
11.   <People 性别="男">
12.     <Id>3</Id>
13.     <姓名>王五</姓名>
14.   </People>
15. </ArrayOfPeople>

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序列化为Json格式

• 安装Nuget包Newtonsoft.Json
  

序列化和反序列化

1. List<People> peoples = GetPeoples();
2. string json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(peoples);
4. List<People> newPeople = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<List<People>>(json);

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序列化结果

1. [{"Id":1,"Name":"张三","Address":"江苏"},{"Id":2,"Name":"李四","Address":"安徽"},{"Id":3,"Name":"王五","Address":"浙江"}]

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