在之前的博文《SpringBoot进阶教程(八十)Spring Security》中,已经介绍了在Spring Security中如何基于formLogin认证、基于HttpBasic认证和自定义用户名和暗码。这篇文章,我们将介绍自定义登录界面的登录验证方式。在上一篇博文《SpringBoot进阶教程(八十一)Spring Security自定义认证》中,已经介绍了如何实现Spring Security自定义认证。
v生成图形验证码
添加maven依赖- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.social</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-social-config</artifactId>
- <version>1.1.6.RELEASE</version>
- </dependency>
复制代码 创建验证码对象- /**
- * @Author chen bo
- * @Date 2023/12
- * @Des
- */
- @Data
- public class ImageCode {
- /**
- * image图片
- */
- private BufferedImage image;
- /**
- * 验证码
- */
- private String code;
- /**
- * 过期时间
- */
- private LocalDateTime expireTime;
- public ImageCode(BufferedImage image, String code, int expireIn) {
- this.image = image;
- this.code = code;
- this.expireTime = LocalDateTime.now().plusSeconds(expireIn);
- }
- /**
- * 判断验证码是否已过期
- * @return
- */
- public boolean isExpire() {
- return LocalDateTime.now().isAfter(expireTime);
- }
- }
复制代码 创建ImageController 编写接口,返回图形验证码:- /**
- * @Author chen bo
- * @Date 2023/12
- * @Des
- */
- @RestController
- public class ImageController {
- public final static String SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE = "SESSION_VERIFICATION_CODE";
- private SessionStrategy sessionStrategy = new HttpSessionSessionStrategy();
- @GetMapping("https://www.cnblogs.com/code/image")
- public void createCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
- ImageCode imageCode = createImageCode();
- sessionStrategy.setAttribute(new ServletWebRequest(request), SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE, imageCode);
- ImageIO.write(imageCode.getImage(), "jpeg", response.getOutputStream());
- }
- private ImageCode createImageCode() {
- // 验证码图片宽度
- int width = 100;
- // 验证码图片长度
- int height = 36;
- // 验证码位数
- int length = 4;
- // 验证码有效时间 60s
- int expireIn = 60;
- BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
- Graphics graphics = image.getGraphics();
- Random random = new Random();
- graphics.setColor(getRandColor(200, 500));
- graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
- graphics.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ITALIC, 20));
- graphics.setColor(getRandColor(160, 200));
- for (int i = 0; i < 155; i++) {
- int x = random.nextInt(width);
- int y = random.nextInt(height);
- int xl = random.nextInt(12);
- int yl = random.nextInt(12);
- graphics.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl);
- }
- StringBuilder sRand = new StringBuilder();
- for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
- String rand = String.valueOf(random.nextInt(10));
- sRand.append(rand);
- graphics.setColor(new Color(20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110), 20 + random.nextInt(110)));
- graphics.drawString(rand, 13 * i + 6, 16);
- }
- graphics.dispose();
- return new ImageCode(image, sRand.toString(), expireIn);
- }
- private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {
- Random random = new Random();
- if (fc > 255)
- fc = 255;
- if (bc > 255)
- bc = 255;
- int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc);
- return new Color(r, g, b);
- }
- }
复制代码 org.springframework.social.connect.web.HttpSessionSessionStrategy对象封装了一些处置惩罚Session的方法,包罗了setAttribute、getAttribute和removeAttribute方法,具体可以查看该类的源码。使用sessionStrategy将生成的验证码对象存储到Session中,并通过IO流将生成的图片输出到登录页面上。
v改造登录页面
添加验证码控件 在上一篇博文《SpringBoot进阶教程(八十一)Spring Security自定义认证》中的"重写form登录页",已经创建了login.html,在login.html中添加如下代码:- <span style="display: inline">
- <input type="text" name="请输入验证码" placeholder="验证码" required="required"/>
- <img src="https://www.cnblogs.com/code/image"/>
- </span>
复制代码 img标签的src属性对应ImageController的createImageCode方法。
v认证流程添加验证码效验
定义异常类 在校验验证码的过程中,可能会抛出各种验证码范例的异常,比如“验证码错误”、“验证码已过期”等,所以我们定义一个验证码范例的异常类:- /**
- * @Author chen bo
- * @Date 2023/12
- * @Des
- */
- public class ValidateCodeException extends AuthenticationException {
- private static final long serialVersionUID = 1715361291615299823L;
- public ValidateCodeException(String explanation) {
- super(explanation);
- }
- }
复制代码 注意:这里继承的是AuthenticationException而不是Exception。
创建验证码的校验过滤器 Spring Security实际上是由许多过滤器组成的过滤器链,处置惩罚用户登录逻辑的过滤器为UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter,而验证码校验过程应该是在这个过滤器之前的,即只有验证码校验通过后才去校验用户名和暗码。由于Spring Security并没有直接提供验证码校验相关的过滤器接口,所以我们需要自己定义一个验证码校验的过滤器ValidateCodeFilter:- /**
- * @Author chen bo
- * @Date 2023/12
- * @Des
- */
- @Component
- public class ValidateCodeFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
- @Autowired
- private MyAuthenticationFailureHandler myAuthenticationFailureHandler;
- private SessionStrategy sessionStrategy = new HttpSessionSessionStrategy();
- @Override
- protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
- if ("/login".equalsIgnoreCase(httpServletRequest.getRequestURI())
- && "post".equalsIgnoreCase(httpServletRequest.getMethod())) {
- try {
- validateCode(new ServletWebRequest(httpServletRequest));
- } catch (ValidateCodeException e) {
- myAuthenticationFailureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse, e);
- return;
- }
- }
- filterChain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
- }
- private void validateCode(ServletWebRequest servletWebRequest) throws ServletRequestBindingException, ValidateCodeException {
- ImageCode codeInSession = (ImageCode) sessionStrategy.getAttribute(servletWebRequest, ImageController.SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE);
- String codeInRequest = ServletRequestUtils.getStringParameter(servletWebRequest.getRequest(), "imageCode");
- if (StringUtils.isEmpty(codeInRequest)) {
- throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不能为空!");
- }
- if (codeInSession == null) {
- throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不存在!");
- }
- if (codeInSession.isExpire()) {
- sessionStrategy.removeAttribute(servletWebRequest, ImageController.SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE);
- throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码已过期!");
- }
- if (!codeInRequest.equalsIgnoreCase(codeInSession.getCode())) {
- throw new ValidateCodeException("验证码不正确!");
- }
- sessionStrategy.removeAttribute(servletWebRequest, ImageController.SESSION_KEY_IMAGE_CODE);
- }
- }
复制代码 ValidateCodeFilter继承了org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter,该过滤器只会实验一次。ValidateCodeFilter继承了org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter,该过滤器只会实验一次。
在doFilterInternal方法中我们判定了请求URL是否为/login,该路径对应登录form表单的action路径,请求的方法是否为POST,是的话举行验证码校验逻辑,否则直接实验filterChain.doFilter让代码往下走。当在验证码校验的过程中捕获到异常时,调用Spring Security的校验失败处置惩罚器AuthenticationFailureHandler举行处置惩罚。
我们分别从Session中获取了ImageCode对象和请求参数imageCode(对应登录页面的验证码input框name属性),然后举行了各种判定并抛出相应的异常。当验证码过期或者验证码校验通过期,我们便可以删除Session中的ImageCode属性了。
v更新配置类
验证码校验过滤器定义好了,怎么才气将其添加到UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter前面呢?很简单,只需要在BrowserSecurityConfig的configure方法中添加些许配置即可,顺便配置验证码请求不配拦截: "https://www.cnblogs.com/code/image"。- /**
- * @Author chen bo
- * @Date 2023/12
- * @Des
- */
- @Configuration
- public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
- @Override
- protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
- http.addFilterBefore(new ValidateCodeFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) //添加验证码效验过滤器
- .formLogin() // 表单登录
- .loginPage("/login.html") // 登录跳转url
- // .loginPage("/authentication/require")
- .loginProcessingUrl("/login") // 处理表单登录url
- // .successHandler(authenticationSuccessHandler)
- .failureHandler(new MyAuthenticationFailureHandler())
- .and()
- .authorizeRequests() // 授权配置
- .antMatchers("/login.html", "/css/**", "/authentication/require", "https://www.cnblogs.com/code/image").permitAll() // 无需认证
- .anyRequest() // 所有请求
- .authenticated() // 都需要认证
- .and().csrf().disable();
- }
- @Bean
- public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
- return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
- }
- }
复制代码 上面代码中,我们注入了ValidateCodeFilter,然后通过addFilterBefore方法将ValidateCodeFilter验证码校验过滤器添加到了UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter前面。
v运行效果图
其他参考/学习资料:
v源码地址
https://github.com/toutouge/javademosecond/tree/master/security-demo
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