在 Spring Boot 中监控缓存的掷中率对于评估缓存的有用性和性能优化至关紧张。下面为你详细介绍不同缓存实现下监控缓存掷中率的方法。
1. 使用 Spring Cache 和 SimpleCacheManager
1.1 设置 SimpleCacheManager
SimpleCacheManager 是 Spring 提供的一个简单的缓存管理器,恰当开发和测试环境。首先,在设置类中设置 SimpleCacheManager。
收起
java
- import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
- import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
- import org.springframework.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCache;
- import org.springframework.cache.support.SimpleCacheManager;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import java.util.Arrays;
- @Configuration
- @EnableCaching
- public class CacheConfig {
- @Bean
- public CacheManager cacheManager() {
- SimpleCacheManager cacheManager = new SimpleCacheManager();
- cacheManager.setCaches(Arrays.asList(
- new ConcurrentMapCache("myCache")
- ));
- return cacheManager;
- }
- }
复制代码 1.2 自定义缓存统计
由于 SimpleCacheManager 本身不直接提供掷中率统计功能,我们可以自定义一个包装类来实现统计。
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java
- import org.springframework.cache.Cache;
- import org.springframework.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCache;
- import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
- public class CustomConcurrentMapCache extends ConcurrentMapCache {
- private final AtomicInteger hits = new AtomicInteger(0);
- private final AtomicInteger misses = new AtomicInteger(0);
- public CustomConcurrentMapCache(String name) {
- super(name);
- }
- @Override
- public ValueWrapper get(Object key) {
- ValueWrapper result = super.get(key);
- if (result != null) {
- hits.incrementAndGet();
- } else {
- misses.incrementAndGet();
- }
- return result;
- }
- public int getHits() {
- return hits.get();
- }
- public int getMisses() {
- return misses.get();
- }
- public double getHitRate() {
- int total = hits.get() + misses.get();
- return total == 0 ? 0 : (double) hits.get() / total;
- }
- }
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然后在设置类中使用自定义的缓存类。
收起
java
- import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
- import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
- import org.springframework.cache.support.SimpleCacheManager;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import java.util.Arrays;
- @Configuration
- @EnableCaching
- public class CacheConfig {
- @Bean
- public CacheManager cacheManager() {
- SimpleCacheManager cacheManager = new SimpleCacheManager();
- cacheManager.setCaches(Arrays.asList(
- new CustomConcurrentMapCache("myCache")
- ));
- return cacheManager;
- }
- }
复制代码 1.3 监控缓存掷中率
在需要监控的地方获取自定义缓存并盘算掷中率。
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java
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.cache.Cache;
- import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- @Service
- public class CacheMonitoringService {
- @Autowired
- private CacheManager cacheManager;
- public double getCacheHitRate(String cacheName) {
- Cache cache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);
- if (cache instanceof CustomConcurrentMapCache) {
- CustomConcurrentMapCache customCache = (CustomConcurrentMapCache) cache;
- return customCache.getHitRate();
- }
- return 0;
- }
- }
复制代码 2. 使用 Caffeine 缓存
2.1 添加依赖
在 pom.xml 中添加 Caffeine 缓存依赖。
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xml
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.github.ben-manes.caffeine</groupId>
- <artifactId>caffeine</artifactId>
- <version>3.1.6</version>
- </dependency>
复制代码 2.2 设置 Caffeine 缓存管理器
收起
java
- import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Caffeine;
- import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
- import org.springframework.cache.annotation.EnableCaching;
- import org.springframework.cache.caffeine.CaffeineCacheManager;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
- @Configuration
- @EnableCaching
- public class CacheConfig {
- @Bean
- public CacheManager cacheManager() {
- CaffeineCacheManager cacheManager = new CaffeineCacheManager("myCache");
- cacheManager.setCaffeine(caffeineCacheBuilder());
- return cacheManager;
- }
- private Caffeine<Object, Object> caffeineCacheBuilder() {
- return Caffeine.newBuilder()
- .initialCapacity(100)
- .maximumSize(500)
- .expireAfterWrite(10, TimeUnit.MINUTES)
- .recordStats();
- }
- }
复制代码
留意,recordStats() 方法用于开启缓存统计功能。
2.3 监控缓存掷中率
收起
java
- import com.github.benmanes.caffeine.cache.Cache;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
- import org.springframework.cache.caffeine.CaffeineCache;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- @Service
- public class CacheMonitoringService {
- @Autowired
- private CacheManager cacheManager;
- public double getCacheHitRate(String cacheName) {
- org.springframework.cache.Cache springCache = cacheManager.getCache(cacheName);
- if (springCache instanceof CaffeineCache) {
- CaffeineCache caffeineCache = (CaffeineCache) springCache;
- Cache<Object, Object> nativeCache = caffeineCache.getNativeCache();
- return nativeCache.stats().hitRate();
- }
- return 0;
- }
- }
复制代码 3. 使用 Redis 缓存
3.1 添加依赖
在 pom.xml 中添加 Redis 缓存依赖。
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xml
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
- </dependency>
复制代码 3.2 设置 Redis 缓存管理器
收起
java
- import org.springframework.cache.CacheManager;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.cache.RedisCacheManager;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.RedisSerializationContext;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.serializer.StringRedisSerializer;
- import java.time.Duration;
- @Configuration
- public class CacheConfig {
- @Bean
- public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
- RedisCacheConfiguration cacheConfig = RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
- .entryTtl(Duration.ofMinutes(10))
- .serializeKeysWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer()))
- .serializeValuesWith(RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair.fromSerializer(new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer()));
- return RedisCacheManager.builder(redisConnectionFactory)
- .cacheDefaults(cacheConfig)
- .build();
- }
- }
复制代码 3.3 监控缓存掷中率
Redis 本身提供了一些命令来监控缓存掷中率,例如 INFO stats 命令可以获取 keyspace_hits 和 keyspace_misses 信息。在 Spring Boot 中,可以使用 RedisTemplate 来实行这些命令。
收起
java
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnection;
- import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
- import java.util.Map;
- @Service
- public class CacheMonitoringService {
- @Autowired
- private RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate;
- public double getRedisCacheHitRate() {
- RedisConnection connection = redisTemplate.getConnectionFactory().getConnection();
- String info = new String(connection.info("stats"));
- String[] lines = info.split("\r\n");
- long hits = 0;
- long misses = 0;
- for (String line : lines) {
- if (line.startsWith("keyspace_hits:")) {
- hits = Long.parseLong(line.split(":")[1]);
- } else if (line.startsWith("keyspace_misses:")) {
- misses = Long.parseLong(line.split(":")[1]);
- }
- }
- long total = hits + misses;
- return total == 0 ? 0 : (double) hits / total;
- }
- }
复制代码
通过以上方法,你可以在 Spring Boot 中对不同的缓存实现举行掷中率监控,从而更好地优化缓存设置和体系性能。
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