1 目标
不在现有查询代码逻辑上做任何改动,实现dao维度的数据源切换(即表维度)
2 使用场景
节约bdp的集群资源。接入新的宽表时,通常uat验证后就会停止集群释放资源,在对应的查询服务器uat环境时需要查询的是生产库的表数据(uat库表因为bdp实时任务停止,没有数据落入),只进行服务器配置文件的改动而无需进行代码的修改变更,即可按需切换查询的数据源。
2.1 实时任务对应的集群资源
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2.2 实时任务产生的数据进行存储的两套环境
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2.3 数据使用系统的两套环境(查询展示数据)
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即需要在zhongyouex-bigdata-uat中查询生产库的数据。
3 实现过程
3.1 实现重点
- org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource
spring提供的这个类是本次实现的核心,能够让我们实现运行时多数据源的动态切换,但是数据源是需要事先配置好的,无法动态的增加数据源。
- Spring提供的Aop拦截执行的mapper,进行切换判断并进行切换。
注:另外还有一个就是ThreadLocal类,用于保存每个线程正在使用的数据源。
3.2 AbstractRoutingDataSource解析
- public abstract class AbstractRoutingDataSource extends AbstractDataSource
- implements InitializingBean{
- @Nullable
- private Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources;
- @Nullable
- private Object defaultTargetDataSource;
- @Override
- public Connection getConnection() throws SQLException {
- return determineTargetDataSource().getConnection();
- }
- protected DataSource determineTargetDataSource() {
- Assert.notNull(this.resolvedDataSources, "DataSource router not initialized");
- Object lookupKey = determineCurrentLookupKey();
- DataSource dataSource = this.resolvedDataSources.get(lookupKey);
- if (dataSource == null && (this.lenientFallback || lookupKey == null)) {
- dataSource = this.resolvedDefaultDataSource;
- }
- if (dataSource == null) {
- throw new IllegalStateException("Cannot determine target DataSource for lookup key [" + lookupKey + "]");
- }
- return dataSource;
- }
- @Override
- public void afterPropertiesSet() {
- if (this.targetDataSources == null) {
- throw new IllegalArgumentException("Property 'targetDataSources' is required");
- }
- this.resolvedDataSources = new HashMap<>(this.targetDataSources.size());
- this.targetDataSources.forEach((key, value) -> {
- Object lookupKey = resolveSpecifiedLookupKey(key);
- DataSource dataSource = resolveSpecifiedDataSource(value);
- this.resolvedDataSources.put(lookupKey, dataSource);
- });
- if (this.defaultTargetDataSource != null) {
- this.resolvedDefaultDataSource = resolveSpecifiedDataSource(this.defaultTargetDataSource);
- }
- }
复制代码 从上面源码可以看出它继承了AbstractDataSource,而AbstractDataSource是javax.sql.DataSource的实现类,拥有getConnection()方法。获取连接的getConnection()方法中,重点是determineTargetDataSource()方法,它的返回值就是你所要用的数据源dataSource的key值,有了这个key值,resolvedDataSource(这是个map,由配置文件中设置好后存入targetDataSources的,通过targetDataSources遍历存入该map)就从中取出对应的DataSource,如果找不到,就用配置默认的数据源。
看完源码,我们可以知道,只要扩展AbstractRoutingDataSource类,并重写其中的determineCurrentLookupKey()方法返回自己想要的key值,就可以实现指定数据源的切换!
3.3 运行流程
- 我们自己写的Aop拦截Mapper
- 判断当前执行的sql所属的命名空间,然后使用命名空间作为key读取系统配置文件获取当前mapper是否需要切换数据源
- 线程再从全局静态的HashMap中取出当前要用的数据源
- 返回对应数据源的connection去做相应的数据库操作
3.4 不切换数据源时的正常配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
- <bean id="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" destroy-method="close" lazy-init="true">
- <property name="url" value="${clickhouse.jdbc.pinpin.url}" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="singleSessionFactoryPinpin" >
-
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" />
- </bean>
- </beans>
复制代码 3.5 进行动态数据源切换时的配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
- <bean id="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" destroy-method="close" lazy-init="true">
- <property name="url" value="${clickhouse.jdbc.pinpin.url}" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="singleSessionFactoryPinpin" >
-
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" />
- </bean>
- </beans><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
- <bean id="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" destroy-method="close" lazy-init="true">
- <property name="url" value="${clickhouse.jdbc.pinpin.url}" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="singleSessionFactoryPinpin" >
-
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" />
- </bean>
- </beans><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
- <bean id="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" destroy-method="close" lazy-init="true">
- <property name="url" value="${clickhouse.jdbc.pinpin.url}" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="singleSessionFactoryPinpin" >
-
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" />
- </bean>
- </beans><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
- <bean id="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" destroy-method="close" lazy-init="true">
- <property name="url" value="${clickhouse.jdbc.pinpin.url}" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="singleSessionFactoryPinpin" >
-
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" />
- </bean>
- </beans>
复制代码 核心是AbstractRoutingDataSource,由spring提供,用来动态切换数据源。我们需要继承它,来进行操作。这里我们自定义的com.zhongyouex.bigdata.common.aop.MultiDataSource就是继承了AbstractRoutingDataSource- package com.zhongyouex.bigdata.common.aop;
- import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;
- /**
- * @author: cuizihua
- * @description: 动态数据源
- * @date: 2021/9/7 20:24
- * @return
- */
- public class MultiDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {
- /* 存储数据源的key值,InheritableThreadLocal用来保证父子线程都能拿到值。
- */
- private static final ThreadLocal<String> dataSourceKey = new InheritableThreadLocal<String>();
- /**
- * 设置dataSourceKey的值
- *
- * @param dataSource
- */
- public static void setDataSourceKey(String dataSource) {
- dataSourceKey.set(dataSource);
- }
- /**
- * 清除dataSourceKey的值
- */
- public static void toDefault() {
- dataSourceKey.remove();
- }
- /**
- * 返回当前dataSourceKey的值
- */
- @Override
- protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
- return dataSourceKey.get();
- }
- }
复制代码 3.6 AOP代码
- package com.zhongyouex.bigdata.common.aop;
- import com.zhongyouex.bigdata.common.util.LoadUtil;
- import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
- import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
- import org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature;
- import java.lang.reflect.Method;
- /**
- * 方法拦截 粒度在mapper上(对应的sql所属xml)
- * @author cuizihua
- * @desc 切换数据源
- * @create 2021-09-03 16:29
- **/
- @Slf4j
- public class MultiDataSourceInterceptor {
- //动态数据源对应的key
- private final String otherDataSource = "dataSourceClickhouseOther";
- public void beforeOpt(JoinPoint mi) {
- //默认使用默认数据源
- MultiDataSource.toDefault();
- //获取执行该方法的信息
- MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) mi.getSignature();
- Method method = signature.getMethod();
- String namespace = method.getDeclaringClass().getName();
- //本项目命名空间统一的规范为xxx.xxx.xxxMapper
- namespace = namespace.substring(namespace.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
- //这里在配置文件配置的属性为xxxMapper.ck.switch=1 or 0 1表示切换
- String isOtherDataSource = LoadUtil.loadByKey(namespace, "ck.switch");
- if ("1".equalsIgnoreCase(isOtherDataSource)) {
- MultiDataSource.setDataSourceKey(otherDataSource);
- String methodName = method.getName();
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 3.7 AOP代码逻辑说明
通过org.aspectj.lang.reflect.MethodSignature可以获取对应执行sql的xml空间名称,拿到sql对应的xml命名空间就可以获取配置文件中配置的属性决定该xml是否开启切换数据源了。
3.8 对应的aop配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
- <bean id="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" destroy-method="close" lazy-init="true">
- <property name="url" value="${clickhouse.jdbc.pinpin.url}" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="singleSessionFactoryPinpin" >
-
- <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSourceClickhousePinpin" />
- </bean>
- </beans>
复制代码 以上就是整个实现过程,希望能帮上有需要的小伙伴
作者:京东物流 崔子华
来源:京东云开发者社区
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