MetalLB Load Balancer

MetalLB hooks into your Kubernetes cluster, and provides a network load-balancer implementation. In short, it allows you to create Kubernetes services of type LoadBalancer in clusters that don’t run on a cloud provider, and thus cannot simply hook into paid products to provide load balancers.
Installation

There are multiple ways to install MetalLB, for example
Through manifest

1. kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metallb/metallb/v0.13.12/config/manifests/metallb-native.yaml

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or Helm

1. helm repo add metallb https://metallb.github.io/metallb
2. helm install metallb metallb/metallb

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The related service, deployment, and pods are in the newly created namespace 'metallb-system'
 'IPAddressPool' defines the IP address range that will be allocated to 'LoadBalancer' type service. The pool of IPs must be dedicated to MetalLB's use. You can't reuse for example the Kubernetes node IPs or IPs controlled by other services.
MetalLB supports two types of traffic policies, Layer2 and BGP. In summary, Layer 2 focuses on local network communication, while BGP handles routing between different networks and plays a critical role in global Internet connectivity. 

1. apiVersion: metallb.io/v1beta1
2. kind: IPAddressPool
3. metadata:
4.   name: first-pool
5.   namespace: metallb-system
6. spec:
7.   addresses:
8.   - 192.168.9.10-192.168.9.20
9. ---
10. apiVersion: metallb.io/v1beta1
11. kind: L2Advertisement
12. metadata:
13.   name: example
14.   namespace: metallb-system
15. spec:
16.   ipAddressPools:
17.   - first-pool

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 Example

1. [/code]apiVersion: v1kind: Podmetadata:  name: nginx  labels:    app: nginxspec:  containers:    - name: nginx      image: nginx:1.18.0---apiVersion: v1kind: Servicemetadata:  name: nginxspec:  type: LoadBalancer  ports:    - port: 80      targetPort: 80  selector:    app: nginxService 'nginx' will be allocated with an external-ip in 192.168.9.10-192.168.9.20 defined in IPAddressPool first-pool above, check the assigned external-ip with the command below
2. [code]kubectl get service/nginx

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MetalLB supports metallb.universe.tf/loadBalancerIPs annotation to set up service with a specific address.

1. apiVersion: v1
2. kind: Service
3. metadata:
4.   name: nginx
5.   annotations:
6.     metallb.universe.tf/loadBalancerIPs: 192.168.9.35
7. spec:
8.   type: LoadBalancer
9.   ports:
10.     - port: 80
11.       targetPort: 80
12.   selector:
13.     app: nginx

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MetalLB also supports requesting a specific address pool, when you have multiple pools, for example, one for production public IPs, and one for development private IPs.

1. apiVersion: v1
2. kind: Service
3. metadata:
4.   name: nginx
5.   annotations:
6.     metallb.universe.tf/address-pool: second-pool
7. spec:
8.   type: LoadBalancer
9.   ports:
10.     - port: 80
11.       targetPort: 80
12.   selector:
13.     app: nginx

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