windows系统桌面壁纸切换的三种csharp办法，兼容win10及旧版，还有一个现成 ...

徐锦洪 · 2022-9-1 10:09:22

我自己用这些代码做的小app如下：

第一种，user32.dll

/// <summary>
/// 调用外部切换壁纸的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="uAction"></param>
/// <param name="uParam"></param>
/// <param name="lpvParam"></param>
/// <param name="fuWinIni"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "SystemParametersInfo")]
public static extern int SystemParametersInfo(int uAction, int uParam, string lpvParam, int fuWinIni);

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就是一种很常用，好像兼容性最好的办法吧，但是，使用的局限性很大，多显示器情况下会导致所有显示器使用相同的壁纸！而且无法区分多个显示器
第二种，IActiveDesktop

public class ActiveDesktopCom
{
/// <summary>
/// 壁纸的显示方式
/// </summary>
public enum WPSTYLE
{
/// <summary>
/// 居中
/// </summary>
CENTER = 0,
/// <summary>
/// 平铺
/// </summary>
TILE = 1,
/// <summary>
/// 拉伸
/// </summary>
STRETCH = 2,
/// <summary>
/// 适应
/// </summary>
adapt = 3,
/// <summary>
/// 填充
/// </summary>
FILL = 4,
/// <summary>
/// 跨区
/// </summary>
Transregional = 5,
}
struct WALLPAPEROPT
{
public int dwSize;
public WPSTYLE dwStyle;
}
struct COMPONENTSOPT
{
public int dwSize;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool fEnableComponents;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool fActiveDesktop;
}
struct COMPPOS
{
public const int COMPONENT_TOP = 0x3FFFFFFF;
public const int COMPONENT_DEFAULT_LEFT = 0xFFFF;
public const int COMPONENT_DEFAULT_TOP = 0xFFFF;
public int dwSize;
public int iLeft;
public int iTop;
public int dwWidth;
public int dwHeight;
public int izIndex;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool fCanResize;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool fCanResizeX;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool fCanResizeY;
public int iPreferredLeftPercent;
public int iPreferredTopPercent;
}
[Flags]
enum ITEMSTATE
{
NORMAL = 0x00000001,
FULLSCREEN = 00000002,
SPLIT = 0x00000004,
VALIDSIZESTATEBITS = NORMAL | SPLIT | FULLSCREEN,
VALIDSTATEBITS = NORMAL | SPLIT | FULLSCREEN | unchecked((int)0x80000000) | 0x40000000
}
struct COMPSTATEINFO
{
public int dwSize;
public int iLeft;
public int iTop;
public int dwWidth;
public int dwHeight;
public int dwItemState;
}
enum COMP_TYPE
{
HTMLDOC = 0,
PICTURE = 1,
WEBSITE = 2,
CONTROL = 3,
CFHTML = 4,
MAX = 4
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
struct COMPONENT
{
private const int INTERNET_MAX_URL_LENGTH = 2084; // =
// INTERNET_MAX_SCHEME_LENGTH (32) + "://\0".Length +
// INTERNET_MAX_PATH_LENGTH (2048)
public int dwSize;
public int dwID;
public COMP_TYPE iComponentType;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool fChecked;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool fDirty;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Bool)]
public bool fNoScroll;
public COMPPOS cpPos;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 260)]
public string wszFriendlyName;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = INTERNET_MAX_URL_LENGTH)]
public string wszSource;
[MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = INTERNET_MAX_URL_LENGTH)]
public string wszSubscribedURL;
#if AD_IE5
public int dwCurItemState;
public COMPSTATEINFO csiOriginal;
public COMPSTATEINFO csiRestored;
#endif
}
enum DTI_ADTIWUI
{
DTI_ADDUI_DEFAULT = 0x00000000,
DTI_ADDUI_DISPSUBWIZARD = 0x00000001,
DTI_ADDUI_POSITIONITEM = 0x00000002,
}
[Flags]
enum AD_APPLY
{
SAVE = 0x00000001,
HTMLGEN = 0x00000002,
REFRESH = 0x00000004,
ALL = SAVE | HTMLGEN | REFRESH,
FORCE = 0x00000008,
BUFFERED_REFRESH = 0x00000010,
DYNAMICREFRESH = 0x00000020
}
[Flags]
enum COMP_ELEM
{
TYPE = 0x00000001,
CHECKED = 0x00000002,
DIRTY = 0x00000004,
NOSCROLL = 0x00000008,
POS_LEFT = 0x00000010,
POS_TOP = 0x00000020,
SIZE_WIDTH = 0x00000040,
SIZE_HEIGHT = 0x00000080,
POS_ZINDEX = 0x00000100,
SOURCE = 0x00000200,
FRIENDLYNAME = 0x00000400,
SUBSCRIBEDURL = 0x00000800,
ORIGINAL_CSI = 0x00001000,
RESTORED_CSI = 0x00002000,
CURITEMSTATE = 0x00004000,
ALL = TYPE | CHECKED | DIRTY | NOSCROLL | POS_LEFT | SIZE_WIDTH |
SIZE_HEIGHT | POS_ZINDEX | SOURCE |
FRIENDLYNAME | POS_TOP | SUBSCRIBEDURL | ORIGINAL_CSI |
RESTORED_CSI | CURITEMSTATE
}
[Flags]
enum ADDURL
{
SILENT = 0x0001
}
[
ComImport(),
Guid("F490EB00-1240-11D1-9888-006097DEACF9"),
InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)
]
interface IActiveDesktop
{
void ApplyChanges(AD_APPLY dwFlags);
void GetWallpaper([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pwszWallpaper, int cchWallpaper, int dwReserved);
void SetWallpaper([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwszWallpaper, int dwReserved);
void GetWallpaperOptions(ref WALLPAPEROPT pwpo, int dwReserved);
void SetWallpaperOptions([In] ref WALLPAPEROPT pwpo, int dwReserved);
void GetPattern([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] System.Text.StringBuilder pwszPattern, int cchPattern, int dwReserved);
void SetPattern([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwszPattern, int dwReserved);
void GetDesktopItemOptions(ref COMPONENTSOPT pco, int dwReserved);
void SetDesktopItemOptions([In] ref COMPONENTSOPT pco, int dwReserved);
void AddDesktopItem([In] ref COMPONENT pcomp, int dwReserved);
void AddDesktopItemWithUI(IntPtr hwnd, [In] ref COMPONENT pcomp, DTI_ADTIWUI dwFlags);
void ModifyDesktopItem([In] ref COMPONENT pcomp, COMP_ELEM dwFlags);
void RemoveDesktopItem([In] ref COMPONENT pcomp, int dwReserved);
void GetDesktopItemCount(out int lpiCount, int dwReserved);
void GetDesktopItem(int nComponent, ref COMPONENT pcomp, int dwReserved);
void GetDesktopItemByID(IntPtr dwID, ref COMPONENT pcomp, int dwReserved);
void GenerateDesktopItemHtml([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwszFileName, [In] ref COMPONENT pcomp, int dwReserved);
void AddUrl(IntPtr hwnd, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pszSource, [In] ref COMPONENT pcomp, ADDURL dwFlags);
void GetDesktopItemBySource([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string pwszSource, ref COMPONENT pcomp, int dwReserved);
}
[
ComImport(),
Guid("75048700-EF1F-11D0-9888-006097DEACF9")
]
class ActiveDesktop /* : IActiveDesktop */ { }
public class OLE32DLL
{
[DllImport("ole32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int CoUninitialize();
[DllImport("ole32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern int CoInitialize(int pvReserved);
[DllImport("ole32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
public static extern int CLSIDFromString(string lpsz, out Guid pclsid);
[DllImport("ole32.dll", ExactSpelling = true, PreserveSig = false)]
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)]
public static extern object CoCreateInstance(
[In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid rclsid,
int pUnkOuter,
int dwClsContext,
[In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] Guid riid
);
}
/// <summary>
/// 兼容win7版本以前版本系统的修改壁纸
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool SetActiveDesktop(string filename, WPSTYLE dwstyle = WPSTYLE.FILL)
{
try
{
const int NULL = 0;
const int S_OK = 0;
const int CLSCTX_ALL = 23;
Guid IID_IActiveDesktop = new Guid("F490EB00-1240-11D1-9888-006097DEACF9");
Guid CLSID_ActiveDesktop = new Guid("75048700-EF1F-11D0-9888-006097DEACF9");
if (System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.GetApartmentState() != System.Threading.ApartmentState.STA && OLE32DLL.CoInitialize(NULL) < S_OK)
throw new Exception("Failed to initialize COM library.");
//object ppvObject = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ActiveDesktop, NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, IID_IActiveDesktop);
//ActiveDesktop ad = new ActiveDesktop();
object ad = OLE32DLL.CoCreateInstance(CLSID_ActiveDesktop, NULL, CLSCTX_ALL, IID_IActiveDesktop);
IActiveDesktop iad = (IActiveDesktop)ad;
if (iad != null)
{
//WPSTYLE_CENTER 居中 0
//WPSTYLE_TILE 平铺 1
//WPSTYLE_STRETCH 拉伸 2
//WPSTYLE dwstyle = WPSTYLE.FILL;//这里调整显示背景图片样式
WALLPAPEROPT wp = new WALLPAPEROPT();
wp.dwSize = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.SizeOf(wp);
wp.dwStyle = dwstyle;
iad.SetWallpaperOptions(ref wp, 0);
iad.SetWallpaper(filename, 0);
iad.ApplyChanges(AD_APPLY.ALL);//AD_APPLY.ALL);
//System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ad);
//ad = null;
}
OLE32DLL.CoUninitialize();
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
}

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以上代码也是我从网上流传的代码中复制到的，但是网上流传的代码中其中有一部分代码是有问题的：

ActiveDesktop ad = new ActiveDesktop();

复制代码

就是这里，这个代码不可运行，因为这种接口中IActiveDesktop对象不能通过类型强转得到，因为ActiveDesktop实例本身就不是通过new方式得到的，而我的代码中已经将这个错误进行了修改，并且win10系统中已经确认运行无误。
第三种，IDesktopWallpaper也是一种Com接口(只支持win8以上系统，且支持多显示器独立设置壁纸)

/// <summary>
/// 使用IDesktopWallpaper方式切换壁纸的方法
/// </summary>
public class DesktopWallpaperCom
{
[ComImport]
[Guid("B92B56A9-8B55-4E14-9A89-0199BBB6F93B")]
[InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
public interface IDesktopWallpaper
{
void SetWallpaper([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string monitorID, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string wallpaper);
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
string GetWallpaper([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string monitorID);
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)]
string GetMonitorDevicePathAt(uint monitorIndex);
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
uint GetMonitorDevicePathCount();
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)]
Rect GetMonitorRECT([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string monitorID);
void SetBackgroundColor([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] uint color);
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)]
uint GetBackgroundColor();
void SetPosition([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] DesktopWallpaperPosition position);
[return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
DesktopWallpaperPosition GetPosition();
void SetSlideshow(IntPtr items);
IntPtr GetSlideshow();
void SetSlideshowOptions(DesktopSlideshowDirection options, uint slideshowTick);
void GetSlideshowOptions(out DesktopSlideshowDirection options, out uint slideshowTick);
void AdvanceSlideshow([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPWStr)] string monitorID, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)] DesktopSlideshowDirection direction);
DesktopSlideshowDirection GetStatus();
bool Enable();
}
[ComImport]
[Guid("C2CF3110-460E-4fc1-B9D0-8A1C0C9CC4BD")]
public class DesktopWallpaper
{
}
[Flags]
public enum DesktopSlideshowOptions
{
None = 0,
ShuffleImages = 0x01
}
[Flags]
public enum DesktopSlideshowState
{
None = 0,
Enabled = 0x01,
Slideshow = 0x02,
DisabledByRemoteSession = 0x04
}
public enum DesktopSlideshowDirection
{
Forward = 0,
Backward = 1
}
public enum DesktopWallpaperPosition
{
Center = 0,
Tile = 1,
Stretch = 2,
Fit = 3,
Fill = 4,
Span = 5,
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct Rect
{
public int Left;
public int Top;
public int Right;
public int Bottom;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取所有的显示器的ID，用于在设置壁纸中用到的显示器的id
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string[] GetDeskMonitorIds()
{
try
{
DesktopWallpaper ad = new DesktopWallpaper();
IDesktopWallpaper iad = (IDesktopWallpaper)ad;
List<string> mids = new List<string>();
if (iad != null)
{
for (uint i = 0; i < iad.GetMonitorDevicePathCount(); i++)
{
mids.Add(iad.GetMonitorDevicePathAt(i));
}
}
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ad);
ad = null;
return mids.ToArray();
}
catch
{
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 新版的win8以上版本调用修改桌面的方法
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filename"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool SetDesktopWallpaper(string filename, string mid = null)
{
try
{
DesktopWallpaper ad = new DesktopWallpaper();
IDesktopWallpaper iad = (IDesktopWallpaper)ad;
if (iad != null)
{
iad.SetWallpaper(mid ?? string.Empty, filename);
}
System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.ReleaseComObject(ad);
ad = null;
return true;
}
catch
{
return false;
}
}
}

复制代码

这是win8系统以上才支持的一种桌面壁纸切换方法，可以支持多显示器独立进行壁纸的设置
最后放上我自己做的壁纸切换工具，可以自适应切换壁纸的方式，且支持多显示器壁纸切换管理和收藏，还有可以添加自动切换壁纸的系统任务，其中的有个vbs脚本是用于壁纸切换的，杀软一般都会报毒，但是要是文件没了就无法切换壁纸了。
下载地址是：https://comm.zhaimaojun.cn/AllSources/ToolDetail/?tid=9379
以上。

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windows系统桌面壁纸切换的三种csharp办法，兼容win10及旧版，还有一个现成 ...

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