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- GreatSQL是MySQL的国产分支版本,使用上与MySQL一致。
- 作者:王权富贵
1.概述
MySQL的分区表没有禁止NULL值作为分区表达式的值,无论它是列值还是用户提供的表达式的值,需要记住NULL值不是数字。MySQL的分区实现中将NULL视为小于任何非NULL值,与order by类似。
2.range分区表处理NULL
1.创建range分区表- CREATE TABLE t_range (
- c1 INT,
- c2 VARCHAR(20)
- )
- PARTITION BY RANGE(c1) (
- PARTITION p0 VALUES LESS THAN (0),
- PARTITION p1 VALUES LESS THAN (10),
- PARTITION p2 VALUES LESS THAN MAXVALUE
- );
复制代码 2.插入2条分区列为null值的数据- insert into t_range values (NULL,'a'),(NULL,'b');
复制代码 3.查看数据的分布情况- mysql> SELECT TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, TABLE_ROWS, AVG_ROW_LENGTH, DATA_LENGTH
- FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS
- WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'test1' AND TABLE_NAME = 't_range';
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- | TABLE_NAME | PARTITION_NAME | TABLE_ROWS | AVG_ROW_LENGTH | DATA_LENGTH |
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- | t_range | p0 | 2 | 8192 | 16384 |
- | t_range | p1 | 0 | 0 | 16384 |
- | t_range | p2 | 0 | 0 | 16384 |
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- 3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
- mysql> select * from t1 partition(p0);
- +------+------+
- | c1 | c2 |
- +------+------+
- | NULL | a |
- | NULL | b |
- +------+------+
- 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
复制代码 可以看到分区列包含null值的2条数据都分布在p0分区上。
3.list分区表处理NULL
1.创建2张list分区表,t_list1分区列包含null值,t_list2分区列中不包含null值- CREATE TABLE t_list1 (
- c1 INT,
- c2 VARCHAR(20)
- )
- PARTITION BY LIST(c1) (
- PARTITION p0 VALUES IN (0, 3, 6),
- PARTITION p1 VALUES IN (1, 4, 7),
- PARTITION p2 VALUES IN (2, 5, 8),
- PARTITION p3 VALUES IN (NULL)
- );
- CREATE TABLE t_list2 (
- c1 INT,
- c2 VARCHAR(20)
- )
- PARTITION BY LIST(c1) (
- PARTITION p0 VALUES IN (0, 3, 6),
- PARTITION p1 VALUES IN (1, 4, 7),
- PARTITION p2 VALUES IN (2, 5, 8)
- );
复制代码 2.分别向2张表中插入2条分区列为null值的数据- mysql> insert into t_list1 values (NULL,'a'),(NULL,'b');
- Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.01 sec)
- Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
- mysql> insert into t_list2 values (NULL,'a'),(NULL,'b');
- ERROR 1526 (HY000): Table has no partition for value NULL
复制代码 可以看到 t_list2 表的分区列中不包含null值,所以数据插入失败。
3.查看数据的分布情况- mysql> SELECT TABLE_NAME, PARTITION_NAME, TABLE_ROWS, AVG_ROW_LENGTH, DATA_LENGTH
- FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS
- WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'test1' AND TABLE_NAME = 't_list1';
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- | TABLE_NAME | PARTITION_NAME | TABLE_ROWS | AVG_ROW_LENGTH | DATA_LENGTH |
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- | t_list1 | p0 | 0 | 0 | 16384 |
- | t_list1 | p1 | 0 | 0 | 16384 |
- | t_list1 | p2 | 0 | 0 | 16384 |
- | t_list1 | p3 | 2 | 8192 | 16384 |
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
复制代码 可以看到 t_list1 表中插入的2条包含null值的数据,由于p3分区包含null值列,所以2条数据分布在p3分区中。
4.hash/key分区表处理NULL
1.创建2张测试表,一张hash分区表,一张key分区表- CREATE TABLE t_hash (
- c1 INT,
- c2 VARCHAR(20)
- )
- PARTITION BY HASH(c1)
- PARTITIONS 2;
- CREATE TABLE t_key (
- c1 INT,
- c2 VARCHAR(20)
- )
- PARTITION BY key(c1)
- PARTITIONS 2;
复制代码 2.分别向2张表中插入3条分区列为null值的数据- mysql> insert into t_hash values (NULL,'a'),(0,'b'),(1,'c');
- Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.00 sec)
- Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
- mysql> insert into t_key values (NULL,'a'),(0,'b'),(1,'c');
- Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)
- Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
复制代码 3.查看数据的分布情况- mysql> SELECT TABLE_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,TABLE_ROWS,AVG_ROW_LENGTH,DATA_LENGTH FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'test1' AND TABLE_NAME in ('t_hash','t_key');
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- | TABLE_NAME | PARTITION_NAME | TABLE_ROWS | AVG_ROW_LENGTH | DATA_LENGTH |
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- | t_hash | p0 | 2 | 8192 | 16384 |
- | t_hash | p1 | 1 | 16384 | 16384 |
- | t_key | p0 | 2 | 8192 | 16384 |
- | t_key | p1 | 1 | 16384 | 16384 |
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> select * from t_hash partition(p0);
- +------+------+
- | c1 | c2 |
- +------+------+
- | NULL | a |
- | 0 | b |
- +------+------+
- 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> select * from t_key partition(p0);
- +------+------+
- | c1 | c2 |
- +------+------+
- | NULL | a |
- | 1 | c |
- +------+------+
- 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
复制代码 可以看到分区列中包含null值的记录都在p0分区。
4.如果我们增加hash/key分区表的分区数,分区列为null值的记录会分布到其他分区- # 创建hash/key分区表,分区数为3
- CREATE TABLE t_hash1 (
- c1 INT,
- c2 VARCHAR(20)
- )
- PARTITION BY HASH(c1)
- PARTITIONS 3;
- CREATE TABLE t_key1 (
- c1 INT,
- c2 VARCHAR(20)
- )
- PARTITION BY key(c1)
- PARTITIONS 3;
- # 插入数据
- insert into t_hash1 values (NULL,'a'),(0,'b'),(1,'c');
- insert into t_key1 values (NULL,'a'),(0,'b'),(1,'c');
- # 查看数据的分布情况
- mysql> SELECT TABLE_NAME,PARTITION_NAME,TABLE_ROWS,AVG_ROW_LENGTH,DATA_LENGTH FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PARTITIONS WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'test1' AND TABLE_NAME in ('t_hash1','t_key1');
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- | TABLE_NAME | PARTITION_NAME | TABLE_ROWS | AVG_ROW_LENGTH | DATA_LENGTH |
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- | t_hash1 | p0 | 1 | 16384 | 16384 |
- | t_hash1 | p1 | 1 | 16384 | 16384 |
- | t_hash1 | p2 | 1 | 16384 | 16384 |
- | t_key1 | p0 | 0 | 0 | 16384 |
- | t_key1 | p1 | 2 | 8192 | 16384 |
- | t_key1 | p2 | 1 | 16384 | 16384 |
- +------------+----------------+------------+----------------+-------------+
- 6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> select * from t_hash1 partition(p2);
- +------+------+
- | c1 | c2 |
- +------+------+
- | NULL | a |
- +------+------+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
- mysql> select * from t_key1 partition(p2);
- +------+------+
- | c1 | c2 |
- +------+------+
- | NULL | a |
- +------+------+
- 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
复制代码 可以看到,当hash/key分区表的分区数为3时,分区列为null值的记录分布在了p2分区。
5.总结
range分区表:如果插入记录的分区列值为NULL,则将该行记录插入到最小的分区中。
list分区表:对NULL值的处理有2种方式:
(1)当且仅当只有一个分区使用包含NULL的值做分区表达式时(例如:PARTITION p3 VALUES IN (NULL)),允许插入分区列为NULL的值。
(2)当表中没有显示使用包含NULL的值做分区表达式时,会拒绝插入分区列为NULL的值。
hash/key分区表:对NULL的处理略有不同,不同的分区数,会导致分区列为NULL值的记录分布到不同的分区。
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