我们知道,如果要对一个网站进行自动化测试,可以使用Python的selenium对获取网页的元素进行一系列操作。同样,对于Windows应用,可以使用C#或者AutoIt(也是一种脚本语言,相比较与C#,AutoIt更适合做Windows应用的自动化脚本)捕获窗体句柄进行操作。
今天主要记录一下使用WPF制作可以录制自动化执行Windows操作脚本工具,类似于按键精灵的录制脚本的操作。主要使用勾子捕获鼠标键盘事件。- <Window x:Class="AutoOperationTool.MainWindow"
- xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
- xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
- xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
- xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
- xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AutoOperationTool"
- mc:Ignorable="d"
- Title="自动化脚本" Height="450" Width="800">
- <Grid>
- <Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
- <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
- <RowDefinition></RowDefinition>
- </Grid.RowDefinitions>
- <Grid VerticalAlignment="Bottom" Margin="0 0 0 30">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Label Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Right" Content="当前鼠标在屏幕的位置:"></Label>
- <Grid Grid.Column="1" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Left">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Grid Grid.Column="0">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Label Content="X:"></Label>
- <TextBlock x:Name="xPoint" Grid.Column="1" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"></TextBlock>
- </Grid>
- <Grid Grid.Column="1">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Label Content="Y:"></Label>
- <TextBlock x:Name="yPoint" Grid.Column="1" HorizontalAlignment="Center" VerticalAlignment="Center"></TextBlock>
- </Grid>
- </Grid>
- </Grid>
- <Grid Grid.Row="1">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Grid Grid.Column="0">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Label Content="设置循环次数:" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Right"></Label>
- <Border Grid.Column="1" Width="120" Height="35" BorderBrush="Black" HorizontalAlignment="Left" BorderThickness="1">
- <TextBox Width="120" Height="35" x:Name="txtCycleCount" Text="1" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center"></TextBox>
- </Border>
- </Grid>
- <Grid Grid.Column="2">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition Width="320"></ColumnDefinition>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Label Content="脚本路径:" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Right"></Label>
- <Border Grid.Column="1" Width="310" Height="35" BorderBrush="Black" HorizontalAlignment="Left" BorderThickness="1">
- <TextBox Width="310" Height="35" x:Name="txtScriptPath" VerticalAlignment="Center" HorizontalAlignment="Center" TextWrapping="Wrap"></TextBox>
- </Border>
- </Grid>
- </Grid>
- <Grid Grid.Row="2" Margin="0 30 0 0" VerticalAlignment="Top">
- <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- <ColumnDefinition></ColumnDefinition>
- </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
- <Button Grid.Column="0" x:Name="btnStart" Width="100" Height="40" Content="开始录制" Click="Start_OnClick"></Button>
- <Button Grid.Column="1" x:Name="btnEnd" Width="100" Height="40" Content="结束录制" Click="End_OnClick"></Button>
- <Button Grid.Column="2" x:Name="btnExec" Width="100" Height="40" Content="执行脚本" Click="Exec_OnClick"></Button>
- <Button Grid.Column="3" x:Name="btnCancel" Width="100" Height="40" Content="取消执行" Click="CancelExec_OnClick"></Button>
- </Grid>
- </Grid>
- </Window>
复制代码- using System;
- using System.Collections.Generic;
- using System.Configuration;
- using System.IO;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Threading;
- using System.Threading.Tasks;
- using System.Windows;
- using Newtonsoft.Json;
- using Path = System.IO.Path;
- namespace AutoOperationTool
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
- /// </summary>
- public partial class MainWindow : Window
- {
- // 用于取消任务的执行
- private CancellationTokenSource cancelTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
- private Task ExecTask { get; set; }
- private KeyAction KeyAction { get; set; }
- public MainWindow()
- {
- InitializeComponent();
- Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
- txtScriptPath.Text = config.AppSettings.Settings["path"].Value;
- KeyAction = new KeyAction();
- btnEnd.IsEnabled = false;
- btnCancel.IsEnabled = false;
- }
- private bool KMHook_MouseCallback(object arg)
- {
- if (arg is long[] arrs && arrs.Length == 3)
- {
- var type = arrs[0];
- var x = arrs[1];
- var y = arrs[2];
- if (type == 1)
- {
- var model = new MouseOperation();
- model.MouseOperationType = MouseOperationTypeEnum.Click;
- model.Point = new Point(){ X = x, Y = y};
- model.Time = DateTime.Now;
- model.OperationType = OperationType.Mouse;
- PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().AppendInfoLog(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(model));
- }
- xPoint.Text = x.ToString();
- yPoint.Text = y.ToString();
- Console.WriteLine($"X:{x};Y:{y}");
- }
- return true;
- }
- private bool KMHook_KeyCallback(object arg)
- {
- if (arg is long[] arrs && arrs.Length == 3)
- {
- var type = arrs[0];
- var code = arrs[1];
- var time = arrs[2];
- var model = new KeyOperation();
- if (type == 0)
- {
- model.KeyOperationType = KeyOperationTypeEnum.Press;
- }
- else if (type == 1)
- {
- model.KeyOperationType = KeyOperationTypeEnum.Up;
- }
- model.KeyCode = (Key)Enum.Parse(typeof(Key), code.ToString());
- model.OperationType = OperationType.Key;
- model.Time = DateTime.Now;
- PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().AppendInfoLog(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(model));
- }
- return true;
- }
- private void Start_OnClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- btnEnd.IsEnabled = true;
- btnStart.IsEnabled = false;
- btnExec.IsEnabled = false;
- btnCancel.IsEnabled = false;
- // 如果存在脚本名称,序号往前加
- PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileLogName = "script1.txt";
- var fileLogName = PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileLogName;
- if (File.Exists(PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileStartupPath + PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileLogName))
- {
- var fileName = PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileLogName;
- while (File.Exists(PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileStartupPath + fileName))
- {
- if (fileName.StartsWith("script") && fileName.EndsWith(".txt"))
- {
- var strCount = fileName.Replace("script", "").Replace(".txt", "");
- int count;
- if (int.TryParse(strCount, out count))
- {
- count++;
- fileName = $"script{count}.txt";
- }
- }
- else
- {
- Directory.Delete(PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileStartupPath + PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileLogName);
- break;
- }
- }
- fileLogName = fileName;
- }
- PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileLogName = fileLogName;
- txtScriptPath.Text = Path.Combine(PrintLog.WriteTxt.GetInstance().FileStartupPath, fileLogName);
- Configuration config = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None);
- config.AppSettings.Settings["path"].Value = txtScriptPath.Text;
- config.Save();
- KMHook.MouseCallback += KMHook_MouseCallback;
- KMHook.KeyCallback += KMHook_KeyCallback;
- KMHook.InsertHook();
- }
- private void End_OnClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- KMHook.MouseCallback -= KMHook_MouseCallback;
- KMHook.KeyCallback -= KMHook_KeyCallback;
- KMHook.RemoveHook();
- btnStart.IsEnabled = true;
- btnEnd.IsEnabled = !btnStart.IsEnabled;
- btnExec.IsEnabled = true;
- btnCancel.IsEnabled = !btnExec.IsEnabled;
- }
- private void Exec_OnClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- btnStart.IsEnabled = false;
- btnEnd.IsEnabled = !btnStart.IsEnabled;
- btnExec.IsEnabled = false;
- btnCancel.IsEnabled = !btnExec.IsEnabled;
- var listOperations = new List<Operation>();
- var path = txtScriptPath.Text;
- var listStrs = File.ReadLines(path)?.ToList();
- if (listStrs != null && listStrs.Count > 0)
- {
- foreach (var strScript in listStrs)
- {
- try
- {
- var operation = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Operation>(strScript);
- if (operation.OperationType == OperationType.Mouse)
- {
- var mouseOperation = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<MouseOperation>(strScript);
- listOperations.Add(mouseOperation);
- }
- else if (operation.OperationType == OperationType.Key)
- {
- var keyOperation = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<KeyOperation>(strScript);
- listOperations.Add(keyOperation);
- }
- }
- catch (Exception ex)
- {
- throw ex;
- }
- }
- }
- int count;
- if (int.TryParse(txtCycleCount.Text, out count))
- {
- ExecTask = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>
- {
- if (count < 1) count = 1;
- for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
- {
- DateTime lastTime = new DateTime();
- DateTime nextTime = new DateTime();
- for (int j = 0; j < listOperations.Count; j++)
- {
- if (lastTime == new DateTime())
- {
- lastTime = listOperations[j].Time;
- Exec(listOperations, j);
- }
- else
- {
- nextTime = listOperations[j].Time;
- if (j > 0)
- {
- lastTime = listOperations[j - 1].Time;
- }
- Thread.Sleep(nextTime - lastTime);
- Exec(listOperations, j);
- }
- }
- Thread.Sleep(1000);
- }
- Application.Current.Dispatcher.Invoke(() =>
- {
- btnStart.IsEnabled = true;
- btnEnd.IsEnabled = !btnStart.IsEnabled;
- btnExec.IsEnabled = true;
- btnCancel.IsEnabled = !btnExec.IsEnabled;
- });
- }, cancelTokenSource.Token);
- }
- }
- private void Exec(List<Operation> listOperations, int j)
- {
- if (listOperations[j].OperationType == OperationType.Mouse)
- {
- var mouse = listOperations[j] as MouseOperation;
- MouseAction.DoClick((int)mouse.Point.X, (int)mouse.Point.Y);
- }
- else if (listOperations[j].OperationType == OperationType.Key)
- {
- var key = listOperations[j] as KeyOperation;
- if (key.KeyOperationType == KeyOperationTypeEnum.Press)
- {
- KeyAction.MykeyDown(key.KeyCode);
- }
- else if (key.KeyOperationType == KeyOperationTypeEnum.Up)
- {
- KeyAction.MykeyUp(key.KeyCode);
- }
- }
- }
- private void CancelExec_OnClick(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
- {
- if (ExecTask != null)
- {
- for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
- {
- try
- {
- cancelTokenSource.Cancel();
- if (cancelTokenSource.IsCancellationRequested)
- {
- cancelTokenSource = new CancellationTokenSource();
- ExecTask.Dispose();
- btnStart.IsEnabled = true;
- btnEnd.IsEnabled = !btnStart.IsEnabled;
- btnExec.IsEnabled = true;
- btnCancel.IsEnabled = !btnExec.IsEnabled;
- break;
- }
- }
- catch (Exception)
- {
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 勾子监听键盘鼠标事件- using System;
- using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- namespace AutoOperationTool
- {
- public class KMHook
- {
- public static bool InsertHook()
- {
- bool iRet;
- iRet = InsertKeyboardHook();
- if (!iRet)
- {
- return false;
- }
- iRet = InsertMouseHook();
- if (!iRet)
- {
- removeKeyboardHook();
- return false;
- }
- return true;
- }
- public static bool RemoveHook()
- {
- bool iRet;
- iRet = removeKeyboardHook();
- if (iRet)
- {
- iRet = removeMouseHook();
- }
- return iRet;
- }
- public static event Func<object, bool> MouseCallback;
- public static event Func<object, bool> KeyCallback;
- internal struct Keyboard_LL_Hook_Data
- {
- public UInt32 vkCode;
- public UInt32 scanCode;
- public UInt32 flags;
- public UInt32 time;
- public IntPtr extraInfo;
- }
- internal struct Mouse_LL_Hook_Data
- {
- internal long yx;
- internal readonly int mouseData;
- internal readonly uint flags;
- internal readonly uint time;
- internal readonly IntPtr dwExtraInfo;
- }
- private static IntPtr pKeyboardHook = IntPtr.Zero;
- private static IntPtr pMouseHook = IntPtr.Zero;
- //钩子委托声明
- public delegate int HookProc(int code, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam);
- private static HookProc keyboardHookProc;
- private static HookProc mouseHookProc;
- //安装钩子
- [DllImport("user32.dll")]
- public static extern IntPtr SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, HookProc lpfn, IntPtr pInstance, int threadID);
- //卸载钩子
- [DllImport("user32.dll", CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
- public static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(IntPtr pHookHandle);
- [DllImport("user32.dll")]
- public static extern int CallNextHookEx(IntPtr hhk, int nCode, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam); //parameter 'hhk' is ignored.
- private static int keyboardHookCallback(int code, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
- {
- if (code < 0)
- {
- return CallNextHookEx(IntPtr.Zero, code, wParam, lParam);
- }
- Keyboard_LL_Hook_Data khd = (Keyboard_LL_Hook_Data)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(Keyboard_LL_Hook_Data));
- System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine($"key event:{wParam}, key code:{khd.vkCode}, event time:{khd.time}");
- var keyType = 0L;
- var iWParam = (int)wParam;
- if (iWParam == 256)
- {
- keyType = 0;
- }
- else if (iWParam == 257)
- {
- keyType = 1;
- }
- else
- {
- keyType = 0;
- }
- KeyCallback?.Invoke(new long[3] { keyType, (int)khd.vkCode, (int)khd.time });
- return 0;
- }
- private static int mouseHookCallback(int code, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam)
- {
- if (code < 0)
- {
- return CallNextHookEx(IntPtr.Zero, code, wParam, lParam);
- }
- Mouse_LL_Hook_Data mhd = (Mouse_LL_Hook_Data)Marshal.PtrToStructure(lParam, typeof(Mouse_LL_Hook_Data));
- System.Diagnostics.Debug.WriteLine($"mouse event:{wParam}, ({mhd.yx & 0xffffffff},{mhd.yx >> 32})");
- var mouseType = 0L;
- var iWParam = (int)wParam;
- if (iWParam == 513)
- {
- mouseType = 1;
- }
- else if (iWParam == 514)
- {
- mouseType = 2;
- }
- else
- {
- mouseType = 0;
- }
- MouseCallback?.Invoke(new long[3]{ mouseType , mhd.yx & 0xffffffff, mhd.yx >> 32 });
- return 0;
- }
- //安装钩子方法
- private static bool InsertKeyboardHook()
- {
- if (pKeyboardHook == IntPtr.Zero)//不存在钩子时
- {
- //创建钩子
- keyboardHookProc = keyboardHookCallback;
- pKeyboardHook = SetWindowsHookEx(13, //13表示全局键盘事件。
- keyboardHookProc,
- (IntPtr)0,
- 0);
- if (pKeyboardHook == IntPtr.Zero)//如果安装钩子失败
- {
- removeKeyboardHook();
- return false;
- }
- }
- return true;
- }
- private static bool InsertMouseHook()
- {
- if (pMouseHook == IntPtr.Zero)
- {
- mouseHookProc = mouseHookCallback;
- pMouseHook = SetWindowsHookEx(14, //14表示全局鼠标事件
- mouseHookProc,
- (IntPtr)0,
- 0);
- if (pMouseHook == IntPtr.Zero)
- {
- removeMouseHook();
- return false;
- }
- }
- return true;
- }
- private static bool removeKeyboardHook()
- {
- if (pKeyboardHook != IntPtr.Zero)
- {
- if (UnhookWindowsHookEx(pKeyboardHook))
- {
- pKeyboardHook = IntPtr.Zero;
- }
- else
- {
- return false;
- }
- }
- return true;
- }
- private static bool removeMouseHook()
- {
- if (pMouseHook != IntPtr.Zero)
- {
- if (UnhookWindowsHookEx(pMouseHook))
- {
- pMouseHook = IntPtr.Zero;
- }
- else
- {
- return false;
- }
- }
- return true;
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 操作键盘按键- using System;
- using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- namespace AutoOperationTool
- {
- public class KeyAction
- {
- [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
- public static extern void keybd_event(byte bVk, byte bScan, uint dwFlags, UIntPtr dwExtraInfo);
- /// key down
- public void MykeyDown(Key vKeyCoad)
- {
- PressKey(vKeyCoad, false);
- }
- /// Key up
- public void MykeyUp(Key vKeyCoad)
- {
- PressKey(vKeyCoad, true);
- }
- private void PressKey(Key key, bool up)
- {
- const int KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY = 0x1;
- const int KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 0x2;
- if (up)
- {
- keybd_event((byte)key, 0x45, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY | KEYEVENTF_KEYUP, (UIntPtr)0);
- }
- else
- {
- keybd_event((byte)key, 0x45, KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY, (UIntPtr)0);
- }
- }
- }
- }
复制代码 操作鼠标移动及单击- using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
- namespace AutoOperationTool
- {
- public class MouseAction
- {
- [DllImport("user32")]
- public static extern int mouse_event(int dwFlags, int dx, int dy, int cButtons, int dwExtraInfo);
- [DllImport("User32.dll")]
- public static extern bool SetCursorPos(int X, int Y);
- public static void DoClick(int x, int y)
- {
- SetCursorPos(x, y);
- mouse_event((int)MouseType.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTDOWN | (int)MouseType.MOUSEEVENTF_LEFTUP, 0, 0, 0, 0);
- }
- }
- }
复制代码
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