1.yum源替换
默认yum源不可用,替换为国内源
替换前:
1.1 备份原始repo设置文件
- cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
- mkdir bak
- mv CentOS-* bak/
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1.2 重新设置CentOS-Base.reporepo文件
- 若服务器有wget命令,可复制下述命令直接从互联网拉取阿里配置源到服务器
- wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
- 若服务器为最小化安装,没有wget命令,可以直接在/etc/yum.repos.d/目录下,创建名称为CentOS-Base.repo的文件,把下述内容复制到配置文件中
复制代码 CentOS-Base.reporepo全内容
- [base]
- name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
- failovermethod=priority
- baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-
- #released updates
- [updates]
- name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
- failovermethod=priority
- baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-
- #additional packages that may be useful
- [extras]
- name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
- failovermethod=priority
- baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-
- #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
- [centosplus]
- name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
- failovermethod=priority
- baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
-
- #contrib - packages by Centos Users
- [contrib]
- name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
- failovermethod=priority
- baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
- http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=0
- gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
复制代码 修改后:
1.3 扫除缓存并重新创建
- yum clean all
- yum makecache
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2. gcc安装
- yum -y install gcc gcc-c++
复制代码 安装后,默认版本为:4.8.5
3.命令行升级gcc
- yum -y install centos-release-scl
- yum -y install devtoolset-9-gcc devtoolset-9-gcc-c++ devtoolset-9-binutilse
- scl enable devtoolset-9 bash
- echo "source /opt/rh/devtoolset-9/enable">> /etc/profile
复制代码 执行过程中出现非常信息:
1.安装:centos-release-scl时正常,安装:devtoolset-9-gcc、devtoolset-9-gcc-c++、devtoolset-9-binutilse时出现报错
办理方法: 检察报错信息,报错为:CentOS-SCLo-scl-rh.repo文件地址无法访问
利用阿里对应的设置文件,修改改文件内容
CentOS-SCLo-scl-rh.repo文件全内容
- [centos-sclo-rh]
- name=CentOS-$releasever - SCLo rh
- baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/sclo/$basearch/rh/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=1
- gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
复制代码 CentOS-SCLo-scl.repo文件内容
- [centos-sclo-sclo]
- name=CentOS-$releasever - SCLo sclo
- baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/sclo/$basearch/sclo/
- gpgcheck=1
- enabled=1
- gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
复制代码 2.扫除缓存,重新创建缓存后,再次安装devtoolset-9-gcc、devtoolset-9-gcc-c++、devtoolset-9-binutilse出现非常信息
办理方法: 检察报错信息为密钥题目,实验在安装时候,直接安装,不校验密钥
- yum -y install devtoolset-9-gcc devtoolset-9-gcc-c++ devtoolset-9-binutilse --nogpgcheck
复制代码 乐成安装
在当前shell终端中使devtoolset-9见效,设置永世利用devtoolset-9,检察gcc版本,已经乐成升级到9.3.1
4.手动升级
以9.3.0为例
4.1 安装包下载
- # 创建存放目录
- mkdir -p /apps/scripts
- cd /apps/scripts/
- # gcc安装包下载
- 下载地址:https://mirrors.aliyun.com/gnu/gcc/gcc-9.3.0/gcc-9.3.0.tar.gz
- 可下载后上传,或直接在服务器上从互联网拉取
- wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/gnu/gcc/gcc-9.3.0/gcc-9.3.0.tar.gz
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4.2 解压
- tar -xzf gcc-9.3.0.tar.gz
- cd gcc-9.3.0
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- [root@rhel76 gcc-10.1.0]# mkdir build
- [root@rhel76 gcc-10.1.0]# cd build/
- [root@rhel76 build]# …/configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib
复制代码 4.3 gcc升级
4.3.1 依靠拉取
- cd /apps/scripts/gcc-9.3.0/
- ./contrib/download_prerequisites
- // 在gcc-9.3.0目录下,多了gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2、isl-0.18.tar.bz2、mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz、mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2四个压缩文件
- // 若已经安装了bzip2命令,则会自动解压上述压缩包
- // 演示环境为最小化安装,目前未安装bzip2命令
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4.3.2 gmp安装
解压gmp
- cd /apps/scripts/gcc-9.3.0/
- tar -xvjf gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
- 解压报错:
- tar (child): bzip2: Cannot exec: No such file or directory
- tar (child): Error is not recoverable: exiting now
- tar: Child returned status 2
- tar: Error is not recoverable: exiting now
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安装bzip2后,重新解压
- 安装bzip2
- yum -y install bzip2 m4
- // bzip2:解决上述报错 m4:解决configure过程中报错
- 继续安装gmp
- tar -xvjf gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
- cd /apps/scripts/gcc-9.3.0/gmp-6.1.0
- ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gmp-6.1.0
- make
- make install
复制代码 解压完成
configure 完成
make完成
make install完成
4.3.3 mpfr安装
- cd /apps/scripts/gcc-9.3.0/
- tar -xvjf mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2
- cd mpfr-3.1.4
- ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.4 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.1.0
- make
- make install
复制代码 解压完成
configure 完成
make完成
make install 完成
4.3.4 mpc安装
- cd /apps/scripts/gcc-9.3.0/
- tar -xvf mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
- cd mpc-1.0.3
- ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpc-1.0.3 --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.1.0 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.4
- make
- make install
复制代码 解压完成
configure 完成
make完成
make install 完成
4.3.5 gcc编译、安装
- cd /apps/scripts/gcc-9.3.0
- mkdir build
- cd build/
- ../configure --prefix=/usr/local/gcc-9.3.0/ --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++ --disable-multilib --with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-6.1.0 --with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.4 --with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-1.0.3
- make
- yum -y remove gcc gcc-c++
- make install
复制代码 configure 完成
make完成–好久好久
build目次下对应文件巨细
旧版本删除完成
GCC安装完成
4.4 gcc命令设置
- ln -s /usr/local/gcc-9.3.0/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc
- ln -s /usr/local/gcc-9.3.0/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++
- gcc -v
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