Ubuntu 24.04 apt 更换国内镜像站源

Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 后的source.list

24.04LTS 后，apt源的位置更换到了/etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources中

1. /etc/apt/sources.list
2. # Ubuntu sources have moved to the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
3. # file, which uses the deb822 format. Use deb822-formatted .sources files
4. # to manage package sources in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ directory.
5. # See the sources.list(5) manual page for details.

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同时，格式改变，现在为DEB822格式，详见这里
现在的格式是这样的

1. /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources
2. ##      /etc/cloud/templates/sources.list.ubuntu.deb822.tmpl
3. ##
5. # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to
6. # newer versions of the distribution.
8. ## Ubuntu distribution repository
9. ##
10. ## The following settings can be adjusted to configure which packages to use from Ubuntu.
11. ## Mirror your choices (except for URIs and Suites) in the security section below to
12. ## ensure timely security updates.
13. ##
14. ## Types: Append deb-src to enable the fetching of source package.
15. ## URIs: A URL to the repository (you may add multiple URLs)
16. ## Suites: The following additional suites can be configured
17. ##   <name>-updates   - Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the
18. ##                      distribution.
19. ##   <name>-backports - software from this repository may not have been tested as
20. ##                      extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes
21. ##                      newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features.
22. ##                      Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review
23. ##                      or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
24. ## Components: Aside from main, the following components can be added to the list
25. ##   restricted  - Software that may not be under a free license, or protected by patents.
26. ##   universe    - Community maintained packages.
27. ##                 Software from this repository is only maintained and supported by Canonical
28. ##                 for machines with Ubuntu Pro subscriptions. Without Ubuntu Pro, the Ubuntu
29. ##                 community provides best-effort security maintenance.
30. ##   multiverse  - Community maintained of restricted. Software from this repository is
31. ##                 ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu team, and may not be under a free
32. ##                 licence. Please satisfy yourself as to your rights to use the software.
33. ##                 Also, please note that software in multiverse WILL NOT receive any
34. ##                 review or updates from the Ubuntu security team.
35. ##
36. ## See the sources.list(5) manual page for further settings.
37. Types: deb
38. URIs: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
39. Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
40. Components: main universe restricted multiverse
41. Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
43. ## Ubuntu security updates. Aside from URIs and Suites,
44. ## this should mirror your choices in the previous section.
45. Types: deb
46. URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
47. Suites: noble-security
48. Components: main universe restricted multiverse
49. Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

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因此，假如要使用国内诸如清华TUNA源，USTC源，也需要使用新格式
详细方法

sources.list.d文件夹中，所有.sources拓展名结尾的文件均会被作为一个可选的源
因此我们将原始文件备份：

1. sudo mv /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources  /etc/apt/backup-sources.list.d-ubuntu.sources

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然后创建一个新的文件，以.sources结尾，例如

1. sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list.d/tuna.sources

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内里填入

1. Types: deb
2. URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
3. #如果使用其他镜像站，上面这行可以改成其他镜像站的网址
4. Suites: noble noble-updates noble-backports
5. Components: main universe restricted multiverse
6. Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg
8. Types: deb
9. URIs: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu
10. #如果安全更新需要使用镜像站，上面这行也改成 URIs: https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/
11. Suites: noble-security
12. Components: main universe restricted multiverse
13. Signed-By: /usr/share/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

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之后运行

1. $ sudo apt update
2. $ sudo apt upgrade

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