- 各工作节点负责运行Pod对象,而Pod的核心功能用于运行容器,因此工作节点上必须配置容器引擎,如Dokcer、Containerd等,启动容器时,容器引擎将首先于本地查找指定的镜像文件,不存在的镜像则需要从指定的镜像仓库(Registry)下载至本地;
- kubernetes支持用户自定义镜像文件的获取方式策略,例如在网络资源紧张的时候可以禁止从仓库中获取文件镜像等,容器的ImagePullPolicy字段用于为其指定镜像获取策略,可用值包括:
- IfNotPresent: 本地有镜像则使用本地镜像,本地不存在则拉取镜像;(默认值)
- Always: 每次都尝试拉取镜像;
- Never: 永不拉取,禁止从仓库下载镜像,如果本地镜像已经存在,kubelet会尝试启动容器,否则,启动失败;
- 官方文档: https://kubernetes.io/zh-cn/docs/concepts/containers/images/
- 我们可以通过explain来查看它的属性
imgaepullpolicy是容器级别的;
- root@ks-master01-10:~# kubectl explain pod.spec.containers.imagePullPolicy
- KIND: Pod
- VERSION: v1
- FIELD: imagePullPolicy <string>
- DESCRIPTION:
- Image pull policy. One of Always, Never, IfNotPresent. Defaults to Always
- if :latest tag is specified, or IfNotPresent otherwise. Cannot be updated.
- More info:
- https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/containers/images#updating-images
复制代码- root@ks-master01-10:~# cat tomcat-test.yaml
- apiVersion: v1
- kind: Pod
- metadata:
- name: tomcat-test
- namespace: default
- spec:
- containers:
- - name: tomcat
- image: tomcat:latest
- imagePullPolicy: Always
- root@ks-master01-10:~# kubectl apply -f tomcat-test.yaml
- pod/tomcat-test created
复制代码- root@ks-master01-10:~# kubectl get pods
- NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
- tomcat-test 1/1 Running 0 87s
复制代码
- 我们来看看详细描述;
定义了使用tomcat:latest镜像,其获取策略为Always,这就意味每次启动容器时,它都会从镜像仓库获取最新版本的镜像文件;
- root@ks-master01-10:~# kubectl describe pods tomcat-test
- Events:
- Type Reason Age From Message
- ---- ------ ---- ---- -------
- Normal Scheduled 82s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/mysql-test to ks-node24-24
- Normal Pulling 81s kubelet Pulling image "tomcat:latest"
- Normal Pulled 45s kubelet Successfully pulled image "tomcat:latest" in 36.41152006s
- Normal Created 45s kubelet Created container tomcat
- Normal Started 45s kubelet Started container tomcat
复制代码
- IfNotPresent
对于其他标签的镜像,其默认策略为IfNotPresent,需要注意的是,使用私有仓库中的镜像时通常需要由Registry服务器完成认证才能进行,认证过程要么需要在相关节点上交互执行docker login命令进行,要么就是将认证信息定义为secret资源,通过ImagePullSecrets字段来完成认证信息;
- root@ks-master01-10:~# cat httpdpod-test.yaml
- apiVersion: v1
- kind: Pod
- metadata:
- name: httpd-testpod
- namespace: default
- spec:
- containers:
- - name: httpd
- image: registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lengyuye/httpd:alpine3.14
- imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
- root@ks-master01-10:~# kubectl apply -f httpdpod-test.yaml
- pod/httpd-testpod created
复制代码 来查看下详情;
为什么能拉取私有仓库的镜像,因为docker login认证过。没有认证的话拉取镜像的时候会Error;- root@ks-master01-10:~# kubectl describe pods httpd-testpod
- Events:
- Type Reason Age From Message
- ---- ------ ---- ---- -------
- Normal Scheduled 4m28s default-scheduler Successfully assigned default/httpd-testpod to ks-node24-24
- Normal Pulling 4m27s kubelet Pulling image "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lengyuye/httpd:alpine3.14"
- Normal Pulled 4m24s kubelet Successfully pulled image "registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lengyuye/httpd:alpine3.14" in 3.56652979s
- Normal Created 4m23s kubelet Created container httpd
- Normal Started 4m23s kubelet Started container httpd
复制代码 Pod运行正常;- root@ks-master01-10:~# kubectl get pods
- NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
- httpd-testpod 1/1 Running 0 3m26s
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