实验要求:编写DES算法实现程序,运行DES程序,演示DES加密与解密的过程。在加密时显示明文和密钥,在加密过程中在每一轮执行完毕后显示该轮的输出。
(话不多说,直接上代码!!!)
实验代码:
点击查看代码- import binascii
- class ArrangeSimpleDES():
- def __init__(self):
- # 出初始化DES加密的参数
- self.ip = [
- 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18, 10, 2, 60, 52, 44, 36, 28, 20, 12, 4,
- 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22, 14, 6, 64, 56, 48, 40, 32, 24, 16, 8,
- 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9, 1, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27, 19, 11, 3,
- 61, 53, 45, 37, 29, 21, 13, 5, 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15, 7,
- ] # ip置换
- self.ip1 = [
- 40, 8, 48, 16, 56, 24, 64, 32, 39, 7, 47, 15, 55, 23, 63, 31,
- 38, 6, 46, 14, 54, 22, 62, 30, 37, 5, 45, 13, 53, 21, 61, 29,
- 36, 4, 44, 12, 52, 20, 60, 28, 35, 3, 43, 11, 51, 19, 59, 27,
- 34, 2, 42, 10, 50, 18, 58, 26, 33, 1, 41, 9, 49, 17, 57, 25,
- ] # 逆ip置换
- self.E = [
- 32, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
- 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,
- 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
- 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
- 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21,
- 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25,
- 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
- 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 1,
- ] # E置换,将32位明文置换位48位
- self.P = [
- 16, 7, 20, 21, 29, 12, 28, 17,
- 1, 15, 23, 26, 5, 18, 31, 10,
- 2, 8, 24, 14, 32, 27, 3, 9,
- 19, 13, 30, 6, 22, 11, 4, 25,
- ] # P置换,对经过S盒之后的数据再次进行置换
- # 设置默认密钥
- self.K = '0111010001101000011010010111001101101001011100110110100101110110'
- self.k1 = [
- 57, 49, 41, 33, 25, 17, 9,
- 1, 58, 50, 42, 34, 26, 18,
- 10, 2, 59, 51, 43, 35, 27,
- 19, 11, 3, 60, 52, 44, 36,
- 63, 55, 47, 39, 31, 23, 15,
- 7, 62, 54, 46, 38, 30, 22,
- 14, 6, 61, 53, 45, 37, 29,
- 21, 13, 5, 28, 20, 12, 4,
- ] # 密钥的K1初始置换
- self.k2 = [
- 14, 17, 11, 24, 1, 5, 3, 28,
- 15, 6, 21, 10, 23, 19, 12, 4,
- 26, 8, 16, 7, 27, 20, 13, 2,
- 41, 52, 31, 37, 47, 55, 30, 40,
- 51, 45, 33, 48, 44, 49, 39, 56,
- 34, 53, 46, 42, 50, 36, 29, 32,
- ]
- self.k0 = [1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 1, ] # 秘钥循环移位的位数
- self.S = [
- [
- 0xe, 0x4, 0xd, 0x1, 0x2, 0xf, 0xb, 0x8, 0x3, 0xa, 0x6, 0xc, 0x5, 0x9, 0x0, 0x7,
- 0x0, 0xf, 0x7, 0x4, 0xe, 0x2, 0xd, 0x1, 0xa, 0x6, 0xc, 0xb, 0x9, 0x5, 0x3, 0x8,
- 0x4, 0x1, 0xe, 0x8, 0xd, 0x6, 0x2, 0xb, 0xf, 0xc, 0x9, 0x7, 0x3, 0xa, 0x5, 0x0,
- 0xf, 0xc, 0x8, 0x2, 0x4, 0x9, 0x1, 0x7, 0x5, 0xb, 0x3, 0xe, 0xa, 0x0, 0x6, 0xd,
- ],
- [
- 0xf, 0x1, 0x8, 0xe, 0x6, 0xb, 0x3, 0x4, 0x9, 0x7, 0x2, 0xd, 0xc, 0x0, 0x5, 0xa,
- 0x3, 0xd, 0x4, 0x7, 0xf, 0x2, 0x8, 0xe, 0xc, 0x0, 0x1, 0xa, 0x6, 0x9, 0xb, 0x5,
- 0x0, 0xe, 0x7, 0xb, 0xa, 0x4, 0xd, 0x1, 0x5, 0x8, 0xc, 0x6, 0x9, 0x3, 0x2, 0xf,
- 0xd, 0x8, 0xa, 0x1, 0x3, 0xf, 0x4, 0x2, 0xb, 0x6, 0x7, 0xc, 0x0, 0x5, 0xe, 0x9,
- ],
- [
- 0xa, 0x0, 0x9, 0xe, 0x6, 0x3, 0xf, 0x5, 0x1, 0xd, 0xc, 0x7, 0xb, 0x4, 0x2, 0x8,
- 0xd, 0x7, 0x0, 0x9, 0x3, 0x4, 0x6, 0xa, 0x2, 0x8, 0x5, 0xe, 0xc, 0xb, 0xf, 0x1,
- 0xd, 0x6, 0x4, 0x9, 0x8, 0xf, 0x3, 0x0, 0xb, 0x1, 0x2, 0xc, 0x5, 0xa, 0xe, 0x7,
- 0x1, 0xa, 0xd, 0x0, 0x6, 0x9, 0x8, 0x7, 0x4, 0xf, 0xe, 0x3, 0xb, 0x5, 0x2, 0xc,
- ],
- [
- 0x7, 0xd, 0xe, 0x3, 0x0, 0x6, 0x9, 0xa, 0x1, 0x2, 0x8, 0x5, 0xb, 0xc, 0x4, 0xf,
- 0xd, 0x8, 0xb, 0x5, 0x6, 0xf, 0x0, 0x3, 0x4, 0x7, 0x2, 0xc, 0x1, 0xa, 0xe, 0x9,
- 0xa, 0x6, 0x9, 0x0, 0xc, 0xb, 0x7, 0xd, 0xf, 0x1, 0x3, 0xe, 0x5, 0x2, 0x8, 0x4,
- 0x3, 0xf, 0x0, 0x6, 0xa, 0x1, 0xd, 0x8, 0x9, 0x4, 0x5, 0xb, 0xc, 0x7, 0x2, 0xe,
- ],
- [
- 0x2, 0xc, 0x4, 0x1, 0x7, 0xa, 0xb, 0x6, 0x8, 0x5, 0x3, 0xf, 0xd, 0x0, 0xe, 0x9,
- 0xe, 0xb, 0x2, 0xc, 0x4, 0x7, 0xd, 0x1, 0x5, 0x0, 0xf, 0xa, 0x3, 0x9, 0x8, 0x6,
- 0x4, 0x2, 0x1, 0xb, 0xa, 0xd, 0x7, 0x8, 0xf, 0x9, 0xc, 0x5, 0x6, 0x3, 0x0, 0xe,
- 0xb, 0x8, 0xc, 0x7, 0x1, 0xe, 0x2, 0xd, 0x6, 0xf, 0x0, 0x9, 0xa, 0x4, 0x5, 0x3,
- ],
- [
- 0xc, 0x1, 0xa, 0xf, 0x9, 0x2, 0x6, 0x8, 0x0, 0xd, 0x3, 0x4, 0xe, 0x7, 0x5, 0xb,
- 0xa, 0xf, 0x4, 0x2, 0x7, 0xc, 0x9, 0x5, 0x6, 0x1, 0xd, 0xe, 0x0, 0xb, 0x3, 0x8,
- 0x9, 0xe, 0xf, 0x5, 0x2, 0x8, 0xc, 0x3, 0x7, 0x0, 0x4, 0xa, 0x1, 0xd, 0xb, 0x6,
- 0x4, 0x3, 0x2, 0xc, 0x9, 0x5, 0xf, 0xa, 0xb, 0xe, 0x1, 0x7, 0x6, 0x0, 0x8, 0xd,
- ],
- [
- 0x4, 0xb, 0x2, 0xe, 0xf, 0x0, 0x8, 0xd, 0x3, 0xc, 0x9, 0x7, 0x5, 0xa, 0x6, 0x1,
- 0xd, 0x0, 0xb, 0x7, 0x4, 0x9, 0x1, 0xa, 0xe, 0x3, 0x5, 0xc, 0x2, 0xf, 0x8, 0x6,
- 0x1, 0x4, 0xb, 0xd, 0xc, 0x3, 0x7, 0xe, 0xa, 0xf, 0x6, 0x8, 0x0, 0x5, 0x9, 0x2,
- 0x6, 0xb, 0xd, 0x8, 0x1, 0x4, 0xa, 0x7, 0x9, 0x5, 0x0, 0xf, 0xe, 0x2, 0x3, 0xc,
- ],
- [
- 0xd, 0x2, 0x8, 0x4, 0x6, 0xf, 0xb, 0x1, 0xa, 0x9, 0x3, 0xe, 0x5, 0x0, 0xc, 0x7,
- 0x1, 0xf, 0xd, 0x8, 0xa, 0x3, 0x7, 0x4, 0xc, 0x5, 0x6, 0xb, 0x0, 0xe, 0x9, 0x2,
- 0x7, 0xb, 0x4, 0x1, 0x9, 0xc, 0xe, 0x2, 0x0, 0x6, 0xa, 0xd, 0xf, 0x3, 0x5, 0x8,
- 0x2, 0x1, 0xe, 0x7, 0x4, 0xa, 0x8, 0xd, 0xf, 0xc, 0x9, 0x0, 0x3, 0x5, 0x6, 0xb,
- ],
- ] # 16进制表示S盒的数据,S盒是为了将48位转换为32位,有8个盒子
- def __substitution(self, table: str, self_table: list) -> str:
- """
- :param table: 需要进行置换的列表,是一个01字符串
- :param self_table: 置换表,在__init__中初始化了
- :return: 返回置换后的01字符串
- """
- sub_result = ""
- for i in self_table:
- sub_result += table[i - 1]
- return sub_result
- def str2bin(self, string: str) -> str:
- """
- 将明文转为二进制字符串:
- :param string: 任意字符串
- :return:二进制字符串
- """
- plaintext_list = list(bytes(string, 'utf8')) # 将字符串转成bytes类型,再转成list
- result = [] # 定义返回结果
- for num in plaintext_list:
- result.append(bin(num)[2:].zfill(8)) # 将列表的每个元素转成二进制字符串,8位宽度
- return "".join(result)
- def bin2str(self, binary: str) -> str:
- """
- 二进制字符串转成字符串
- :param binary:
- :return:
- """
- list_bin = [binary[i:i + 8] for i in range(0, len(binary), 8)] # 对二进制字符串进行切分,每8位为一组
- list_int = []
- for b in list_bin:
- list_int.append(int(b, 2)) # 对二进制转成int
- result = bytes(list_int).decode() # 将列表转成bytes,在进行解码,得到字符串
- return result
- def __bin2int(self, binary: str) -> list:
- """
- 由于加密之后的二进制无法直接转成字符,有不可见字符在,utf8可能无法解码,所以需要将二进制字符串每8位转成int型号列表,用于转成bytes再转hex
- :param binary: 二进制字符串
- :return: int型列表
- """
- list_bin = [binary[i:i + 8] for i in range(0, len(binary), 8)] # 对二进制字符串进行切分,每8位为一组
- list_int = []
- for b in list_bin:
- list_int.append(int(b, 2))
- return list_int
- def __int2bin(self, list_int: list) -> str:
- result = []
- for num in list_int:
- result.append(bin(num)[2:].zfill(8))
- return ''.join(result)
- def __get_block_list(self, binary: str) -> list:
- """
- 对明文二进制串进行切分,每64位为一块,DES加密以64位为一组进行加密的
- :type binary: 二进制串
- """
- len_binary = len(binary)
- if len_binary % 64 != 0:
- binary_block = binary + ("0" * (64 - (len_binary % 64)))
- return [binary_block[i:i + 64] for i in range(0, len(binary_block), 64)]
- else:
- return [binary[j:j + 64] for j in range(0, len(binary), 64)]
- def modify_secretkey(self):
- """
- 修改默认密钥函数
- :return: None
- """
- print('当前二进制形式密钥为:{}'.format(self.K))
- print("当前字符串形式密钥为:{}".format(self.bin2str(self.K)))
- newkey = input("输入新的密钥(长度为8):")
- if len(newkey) != 8:
- print("密钥长度不符合,请重新输入:")
- self.modify_secretkey()
- else:
- bin_key = self.str2bin(newkey)
- self.K = bin_key
- print("当前二进制形式密钥为:{}".format(self.K))
- def __f_funtion(self, right: str, key: str):
- """
- :param right: 明文二进制的字符串加密过程的右半段
- :param key: 当前轮数的密钥
- :return: 进行E扩展,与key异或操作,S盒操作后返回32位01字符串
- """
- # 对right进行E扩展
- e_result = self.__substitution(right, self.E)
- # 与key 进行异或操作
- xor_result = self.__xor_function(e_result, key)
- # 进入S盒子
- s_result = self.__s_box(xor_result)
- # 进行P置换
- p_result = self.__substitution(s_result, self.P)
- return p_result
- def __get_key_list(self):
- """
- :return: 返回加密过程中16轮的子密钥
- """
- key = self.__substitution(self.K, self.k1)
- left_key = key[0:28]
- right_key = key[28:56]
- keys = []
- for i in range(1, 17):
- move = self.k0[i - 1]
- move_left = left_key[move:28] + left_key[0:move]
- move_right = right_key[move:28] + right_key[0:move]
- left_key = move_left
- right_key = move_right
- move_key = left_key + right_key
- ki = self.__substitution(move_key, self.k2)
- keys.append(ki)
- return keys
- def __xor_function(self, xor1: str, xor2: str):
- """
- :param xor1: 01字符串
- :param xor2: 01字符串
- :return: 异或操作返回的结果
- """
- size = len(xor1)
- result = ""
- for i in range(0, size):
- result += '0' if xor1[i] == xor2[i] else '1'
- return result
- def __s_box(self, xor_result: str):
- """
- :param xor_result: 48位01字符串
- :return: 返回32位01字符串
- """
- result = ""
- for i in range(0, 8):
- # 将48位数据分为6组,循环进行
- block = xor_result[i * 6:(i + 1) * 6]
- line = int(block[0] + block[5], 2)
- colmn = int(block[1:4], 2)
- res = bin(self.S[i][line * 16 + colmn])[2:]
- if len(res) < 4:
- res = '0' * (4 - len(res)) + res
- result += res
- return result
- def __iteration(self, bin_plaintext: str, key_list: list):
- """
- :param bin_plaintext: 01字符串,64位
- :param key_list: 密钥列表,共16个
- :return: 进行F函数以及和left异或操作之后的字符串
- """
- left = bin_plaintext[0:32]
- right = bin_plaintext[32:64]
- for i in range(0, 16):
- next_lift = right
- f_result = self.__f_funtion(right, key_list[i])
- next_right = self.__xor_function(left, f_result)
- left = next_lift
- right = next_right
- bin_plaintext_result = left + right
- return bin_plaintext_result[32:] + bin_plaintext_result[:32]
- def encode(self, plaintext):
- """
- :param plaintext: 明文字符串
- :return: 密文字符串
- """
- bin_plaintext = self.str2bin(plaintext)
- bin_plaintext_block = self.__get_block_list(bin_plaintext)
- ciphertext_bin_list = []
- key_list = self.__get_key_list()
- counter = 1
- for i in key_list:
- print(f"第{counter}轮子密钥是:{i}")
- counter += 1
- for block in bin_plaintext_block:
- # 初代ip置换
- sub_ip = self.__substitution(block, self.ip)
- ite_result = self.__iteration(sub_ip, key_list)
- # 逆ip置换
- sub_ip1 = self.__substitution(ite_result, self.ip1)
- ciphertext_bin_list.append(sub_ip1)
- ciphertext_bin = ''.join(ciphertext_bin_list)
- result = self.__bin2int(ciphertext_bin)
- counter = 1
- for i in result:
- print(f"第{counter}轮加密结果为:{i}")
- counter += 1
- return bytes(result).hex().upper()
- def decode(self, ciphertext):
- '''
- :param ciphertext: 密文字符串
- :return: 明文字符串
- '''
- b_ciphertext = binascii.a2b_hex(ciphertext)
- bin_ciphertext = self.__int2bin(list(b_ciphertext))
- bin_plaintext_list = []
- key_list = self.__get_key_list()
- key_list = key_list[::-1]
- counter = 1
- for i in key_list:
- print(f"第{counter}轮子密钥是:{i}")
- counter += 1
- bin_ciphertext_block = [bin_ciphertext[i:i + 64] for i in range(0, len(bin_ciphertext), 64)]
- for block in bin_ciphertext_block:
- sub_ip = self.__substitution(block, self.ip)
- ite = self.__iteration(sub_ip, key_list)
- sub_ip1 = self.__substitution(ite, self.ip1)
- bin_plaintext_list.append(sub_ip1)
- bin_plaintext = ''.join(bin_plaintext_list)
- result = self.__bin2int(bin_plaintext)
- counter = 1
- for i in result:
- print(f"第{counter}轮解密结果为:{i}")
- counter += 1
- bin_plaintext = ''.join(bin_plaintext_list).replace('00000000', '')
- return self.bin2str(bin_plaintext)
- def main(self):
- select = input("请选择:\n1、加密\t 2、解密\n请你选择1或2:")
- if select == '1':
- plaintext = input("明文:")
- ciphertext = self.encode(plaintext)
- print("密文:{}".format(ciphertext))
- elif select == '2':
- plaintext = input("密文:")
- plaintext = self.decode(plaintext)
- print("明文:{}".format(plaintext))
- else:
- input("请重新选择!")
- self.main()
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- mydes = ArrangeSimpleDES()
- mydes.modify_secretkey()
- while True:
- mydes.main()
- print("")
复制代码 运行结果:
加密过程

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解密过程


解析:
其中,子密钥生成操作如下:

用流程图表示为(手写版见谅啦~)

加密操作过程如下:

用流程图表示为(手写版嘿嘿有点丑就是说。。。)

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