Node.js是一个基于 Chrome V8 引擎的 JavaScript 运行情况。Node.js 使用了一个变乱驱动、非阻塞式 I/O 的模型,使其轻量又高效。Express是一个保持最小规模的灵活的 Node.js Web应用步伐开发框架,为Web和移动应用步伐提供一组强大的功能。使用Node.js和Express可以快速的实现一个RESTful API服务。
什么是RESTful API
RESTful API是一种依照 REST(Representational State Transfer,表现层状态转移)架构风格的网络 API 设计,它使用HTTP协议定义的请求方法(GET、POST、PUT、DELETE)来定义对资源的操作。
RESTful API是一种非常流行的API设计风格,它具有以下特点:
- 使用HTTP协议定义对资源的操作
- 使用HTTP协议定义的请求方法(GET、POST、PUT、DELETE)来定义对资源的操作
- 使用JSON作为数据交换格式
- 使用URL来定义资源
- 使用HTTP状态码来表现操作结果
怎样使用nodejs和express实现一个RESTful API
在MySQL中创建一个数据库和表
- CREATE DATABASE `app`;
- CREATE TABLE if not exists user (
- id BIGINT NOT NULL,
- account varchar(100) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
- password varchar(200) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
- secret_key varchar(100) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
- nick_name varchar(100) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
- avatar varchar(300) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
- email varchar(100) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
- email_verified tinyint(1) DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
- phone_number varchar(100) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL,
- phone_numbert_verified tinyint(1) DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
- creator_id BIGINT DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
- creation_time timestamp DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
- last_modifier_id BIGINT DEFAULT 0 NOT NULL,
- last_modification_time TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP NOT NULL,
- CONSTRAINT pk_user PRIMARY KEY (id),
- CONSTRAINT unique_user_email UNIQUE KEY (email),
- CONSTRAINT unique_user_phone UNIQUE KEY (phone_number)
- )
- ENGINE=InnoDB
- DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4
- COLLATE=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
复制代码 从GitHub下载项目模板一个基于nodejs、TypeScript和express的web模板
创建User实体类
- class User {
- public id!: bigint;
- public account: string;
- public password: string;
- public secret_key: string
- public nick_name: string;
- public avatar: string;
- public email: string;
- public phone_number: string;
- public creator_id: bigint;
- public creation_time!: Date;
- public last_modifier_id!: bigint;
- public last_modification_time!: Date;
- constructor(account: string, password: string, secret_key: string, nick_name: string, avatar: string, email: string,
- phone_number: string, creator_id: bigint) {
- this.account = account;
- this.password = password;
- this.secret_key = secret_key;
- this.nick_name = nick_name;
- this.avatar = avatar;
- this.email = email;
- this.phone_number = phone_number;
- this.creator_id = creator_id;
- }
- }
- export default User;
复制代码 创建UserService类
- import User from "../models/User";
- import { connection } from '../utils/db';
- import PasswordSecurity from '../utils/password-security';
- import { SnowflakeId } from "../utils/snowflakeid";
- class UserService {
- public async create(user: User): Promise<User> {
- return new Promise<User>((resolve, reject) => {
- try {
- const passwordSecurity = new PasswordSecurity();
- const secret_key = passwordSecurity.createSalt();
- user.id = SnowflakeId.newId();
- user.secret_key = secret_key;
- user.password = passwordSecurity.createHash(user.password, secret_key);
- user.creation_time = new Date();
- user.last_modifier_id = user.creator_id;
- user.last_modification_time = new Date();
- connection.query('insert into user (id, account, password, secret_key, nick_name, avatar, email, phone_number, creator_id, creation_time, last_modifier_id, last_modification_time)'
- + 'values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
- [user.id, user.account, user.password, user.secret_key, user.nick_name, user.avatar, user.email, user.phone_number, user.creator_id, user.creation_time, user.last_modifier_id, user.last_modification_time],
- function (error: any, result: any) {
- if (error) {
- console.log('Error: ' + error.message);
- reject(error);
- } else {
- resolve(user);
- }
- });
- } catch (e) {
- reject(e)
- }
- })
- }
- public async getByAccount(account: string): Promise<User> {
- return new Promise<User>((resolve, reject) => {
- try {
- connection.query('select * from user where account = ?', [account], function (error: any, result: any) {
- if (error) {
- console.log('Error: ' + error.message);
- reject(error);
- } else {
- resolve(result[0]);
- }
- });
- } catch (e) {
- reject(e)
- }
- })
- }
- public async getById(id: number): Promise<User> {
- return new Promise<User>((resolve, reject) => {
- try {
- connection.query('select * from user where id = ?', [id], function (error: any, result: any) {
- if (error) {
- console.log('Error: ' + error.message);
- reject(error);
- } else {
- resolve(result[0]);
- }
- })
- } catch (e) {
- reject(e)
- }
- });
- }
- public async getByEmail(email: string): Promise<User> {
- return new Promise<User>((resolve, reject) => {
- try {
- connection.query('select * from user where email = ?', [email], function (error: any, result: any) {
- if (error) {
- console.log('Error: ' + error.message);
- reject(error);
- } else {
- resolve(result[0]);
- }
- })
- } catch (e) {
- reject(e)
- }
- })
- }
- public async getByPhoneNumber(phone_number: string): Promise<User> {
- return new Promise<User>((resolve, reject) => {
- try {
- connection.query('select * from user where phone_number = ?', [phone_number], function (error: any, result: any) {
- if (error) {
- console.log('Error: ' + error.message);
- reject(error);
- } else {
- resolve(result[0]);
- }
- })
- } catch (e) {
- reject(e)
- }
- })
- }
- public async update(user: User): Promise<User> {
- return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
- try {
- connection.query('update user set account = ?, password = ?, secret_key = ?, name = ?, avatar = ?, email = ?, phone_number = ?, creator_id = ?, creation_time = ?, last_modifier_id = ?, last_modification_time = ? where id = ?',
- [user.account, user.password, user.secret_key, user.nick_name, user.avatar, user.email, user.phone_number, user.last_modifier_id, user.last_modification_time, user.id], function (error, result) {
- if (error) {
- console.log('Error: ' + error.message);
- reject(error)
- } else {
- resolve(user);
- }
- });
- } catch (e) {
- reject(e);
- }
- });
- }
- public async delete(id: number): Promise<void> {
- return new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
- try {
- connection.query('delete from user where id = ?', [id], function (error, result) {
- if (error) {
- console.log('Error: ' + error.message);
- reject(error)
- } else {
- resolve();
- }
- });
- } catch (e) {
- reject(e);
- }
- })
- }
- }
- export default new UserService();
复制代码 创建UserController
- import { Request, Response } from 'express';
- import User from '../models/User';
- import UserService from '../services/UserService';
- import { success, error } from '../utils/json-result'
- import { Get, Post, Put, Delete, Controller} from '../utils/routing-controllers'
- @Controller('/api/user')
- class UserController {
- constructor() { }
- @Post('/')
- public async create(req: Request, res: Response): Promise<any> {
- try {
- var user = new User(
- req.body.name,
- req.body.password,
- req.body.secret_key,
- req.body.nick_name,
- req.body.avatar == null || req.body.avatar == undefined ? '' : req.body.avatar,
- req.body.email,
- req.body.phone_number,
- req.body.creator_id == null || req.body.creator_id == undefined ? 0 : req.body.creator_id);
-
- if (user.account == null || user.account == '') {
- error(res, "用户名不能为空");
- return;
- }
- if (user.password == null || user.password == '') {
- error(res, "密码不能为空");
- return;
- }
- if (user.email == null || user.email == '') {
- error(res, "邮箱不能为空");
- return;
- }
- if (user.phone_number == null || user.phone_number == '') {
- error(res, "手机号不能为空");
- return;
- }
- var existingUser = await UserService.getByAccount(user.account);
- if (existingUser != null) {
- error(res, "用户已存在");
- return
- }
- existingUser = await UserService.getByEmail(user.email);
- if (existingUser != null) {
- error(res, "邮箱已存在");
- return;
- }
- existingUser = await UserService.getByPhoneNumber(user.phone_number);
- if (existingUser != null) {
- error(res, "手机号已存在");
- return;
- }
- UserService.create(user).then(result => {
- success(res, result);
- });
- } catch (err: any) {
- console.error(err);
- error(res, err.message);
- }
- }
- @Get('/')
- public get(req: Request, res: Response): any {
- res.send('users');
- }
- @Put('/')
- public update(req: Request, res: Response): any {
- res.send('update user');
- // 处理更新用户的请求
- }
- @Delete('/')
- public delete(req: Request, res: Response): void {
- res.send('delete user');
- // 处理删除用户的请求
- }
- }
- export default UserController;
复制代码 启动服务
测试
- curl -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d '{"account":"admin","password":"123456","secret_key":"123456","nick_name":"admin","email":"22222@qq.com","phone_number":"13888888888"}' http://localhost:3000/api/user
复制代码 返回结果- {"account":"admin","password":"43ad945a38257858c962d7e703bf090db019e61efda2edd34a48480e8da51b4a12c1f1d04ed06feced130bfa30e76e41f08762ee7e04fe038b2ecd4b90d43c94","secret_key":"b4689647434328c65a18cb7707b74734","nick_name":"admin","avatar":"","email":"22222@qq.com","phone_number":"13888888888","creator_id":0,"id":"11087864288776192","creation_time":"2024-06-02T14:19:12.888Z","last_modifier_id":0,"last_modification_time":"2024-06-02T14:19:12.888Z"}
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