Centos7环境使用Mysql离线安装包安装Mysql5.7

服务器环境：centos7 x64
需要安装：mysql5.7+
一、卸载CentOS7系统自带mariadb

1. # 查看系统自带的Mariadb
2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
3. mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
5. # 卸载系统自带的Mariadb(rpm -e --nodeps)
6. [root@CDH-141 ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64
8. # 删除etc目录下的my.cnf
9. [root@CDH-141 ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf

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二、检查mysql是否存在

1. # 检查mysql是否存在
2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql

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三、查看用户和组是否存在

1）检查mysql组合用户是否存在

1. # 检查mysql组和用户是否存在，如无则创建
2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
3. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql

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2）若不存在，则创建mysql组和用户

1. [root@CDH-141 ~]# groupadd mysql # 创建mysql用户组
2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql   # 创建一个用户名为mysql的用户，并加入mysql用户组
3. [root@CDH-141 ~]# passwd mysql   # 制定password 为111111  (用户mysql的密码)
4. Changing password for user mysql.
5. New password:
6. BAD PASSWORD: The password is a palindrome
7. Retype new password:
8. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

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四、下载mysql离线安装包tar文件

官网下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.7.html#downloads
版本选择，可以选择以下两种方式：
1）使用Red Hat Enterprise Linux

1.    Select Version:5.7.35
2.    Select Operating System:Red Hat Enterprise Linux / Oracle Linux
3.    Select OS Version:Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 / Oracle Linux 7 (x86, 64-bit)
4.    列表中下载：
5.    Compressed TAR Archive：(mysql-5.7.35-el7-x86_64.tar.gz)

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2）使用Linux - Generic

1. 2）使用Linux - Generic
2.   Select Version:5.7.35
3.   Select Operating System:Linux - Generic
4.   Select OS Version:Linux - Generic (glibc 2.12) (x86, 64-bit)
5.   列表中下载：
6.   Compressed TAR Archive：<strong>(mysql</strong><strong>-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz)【本文中使用的是这个版本】</strong>

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2）百度网盘

1. 链接：<strong><a href="https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-FnDtfsq-gFOcewVXYSGAw%20" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-FnDtfsq-</a></strong><strong><a href="https://pan.baidu.com/s/1-FnDtfsq-gFOcewVXYSGAw%20" target="_blank" rel="noopener">gFOcewVXYSGAw </a></strong>
2. 提取码：<strong>2zhz </strong>

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注意：上边三种方式找mysql离线安装包的方式都可以。
五、上传第四步下载的mysql TAR包

1. # 进入/usr/local/文件夹(此目录作为安装目录，给根据自己目录安排可自行更换目录，后续目录保持一致即可)
2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cd /usr/local/
4. # 上传mysql TAR包
5. [root@CDH-141 local]# rz
7. # 解压mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
8. [root@CDH-141 local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
9. # 进入/usr/local下，修改为mysql
10. [root@CDH-141 local]# mv mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64  mysql
11. [root@CDH-141 local]# ls
12. bin  etc  full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS  games  include  lib  lib64  libexec  mysql  mysql-5.7.35-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz  sbin  share  src

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六、更改所属的组和用户

1. # 更改所属的组和用户
2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cd /usr/local/
3. [root@CDH-141 local]# chown -R mysql mysql/
4. [root@CDH-141 local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/
5. [root@CDH-141 local]# cd mysql/
6. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# mkdir data
7. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
8. 备注：
9. chown -R mysql:mysql ./
11. chown [选项]... [所有者][:[组]] 文件...
13.   必要参数:
15.        -c 显示更改的部分的信息
16. 　　　　-f 忽略错误信息
17. 　　　　-h 修复符号链接
18. 　　　　-R 处理指定目录以及其子目录下的所有文件
19. 　　　　-v 显示详细的处理信息
20. 　　　　-deference 作用于符号链接的指向，而不是链接文件本身
21. 　　选择参数:
22. 　　　　--reference=<目录或文件> 把指定的目录/文件作为参考，把操作的文件/目录设置成参考文件/目录相同拥有者和群组
23. 　　　　--from=<当前用户：当前群组> 只有当前用户和群组跟指定的用户和群组相同时才进行改变
24. 　　　　--help 显示帮助信息
25. 　　　　--version 显示版本信息

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七、在/etc下创建my.cnf文件

1. # 进入/usr/local/mysql文件夹下
2. [root@CDH-141 ~]# cd /usr/local/mysql
4. # 创建my.cnf文件
5. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# touch my.cnf
7. # 编辑my.cnf
8. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# vi my.conf
10. [mysql]
11. socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
12. # set mysql client default chararter
13. default-character-set=utf8
15. [mysqld]
16. socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
17. # set mysql server port  
18. port = 3323 #默认是3306
19. # set mysql install base dir
20. basedir=/usr/local/mysql
21. # set the data store dir
22. datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
23. # set the number of allow max connnection
24. max_connections=200
25. # set server charactre default encoding
26. character-set-server=utf8
27. # the storage engine
28. default-storage-engine=INNODB
29. #忽略数据库表名的大小写
30. lower_case_table_names=1
31. #最大请求包
32. max_allowed_packet=16M
33. explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
34. sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
36. [mysql.server]
37. user=mysql #用户不是mysql时，更改此处
38. basedir=/usr/local/mysql

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八、进入mysql文件夹，并安装mysql

1. # 进入mysql
2. [root@CDH-141 local]# cd /usr/local/mysql
4. # 安装mysql
5. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
6. 或者
7. cd bin
8. ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
9. 2019-03-08 18:11:07 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
10. 2019-03-08 18:11:24 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
11. 2019-03-08 18:11:24 [WARNING] 2019-03-08T10:11:07.208602Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead

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设置文件及目录权限：

1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
2. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chown 777 my.cnf
3. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
4. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# mkdir data
5. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data

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九、启动mysql

1. # 启动mysql
2. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start/restart/stop/status
3. 或者
4. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# service mysqld start/stop/restart/status

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十、设置开机启动

1. #设置开机启动
2. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
3. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
4. Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
5.       systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
6.       systemd configuration.
8.       If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
9.       To see services enabled on particular target use
10.       'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
12. mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
13. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
14. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld
15. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld
16. Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
17.       systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
18.       systemd configuration.
20.       If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
21.       To see services enabled on particular target use
22.       'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
23. mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
24. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# service mysqld status
25. MySQL running (26122)[  OK  ]
26. [root@CDH-141 mysql]#

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十一、修改配置文件(配置环境变量)

1. # 进入/etc/profile文件夹
2. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# vim /etc/profile
4. 修改/etc/profile，在最后添加如下内容
5. export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
7. # 使文件生效
8. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# source /etc/profile

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十二、获得mysql初始密码

 1）获得mysql初始密码

1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]#  cat /root/.mysql_secret  
2. # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2019-03-08 17:40:42 <strong>poc3u0mO_luv</strong>

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2）修改密码

1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
3. Enter password: #此处填写上边获取到的初始密码 ‘poc3u0mO_luv’
5. mysql>  set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
6. 或者
7. mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
8. 或者（本人一般使用下面的修改密码的方式）
9. mysql> <strong>set password for 'root'@'localhost'=password('MyNewPass4!'</strong><strong>); </strong>
11. mysql> flush privileges;
12. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
14. mysql> exit
17. 备注：
19. 修改密码时报错：
20. Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock'
21. 上述提示可能在启动mysql时遇到，即在/tmp/mysql.sock位置找不到所需要的mysql.sock文件，主要是由于my.cnf文件里对mysql.sock的位置设定导致。
23. mysql.sock默认的是在/var/lib/mysql, 如果发现确实是在该目录下，可以在[mysqld]下面加入mysql.sock的path
25. vi /etc/my.cnf(my.cnf也可能在其他路径下)
27. [mysqld]
29. port = 3306
31. socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
33. 但是要保证使用mysql的用户具有对该目录的写权限，否则这样的改动由于权限限制仍然会报错。
35. 所以为了避免权限问题也可以使用软链接为/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock创建一个到/tmp/mysql.sock的联接
37. ln -s /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock /tmp/mysql.sock
39. 由于/tmp/文件夹默认对other有w权限，这样就可以避免权限问题。
41. 此外，如果发现mysql.sock不在默认的/var/lib/mysql位置，一种解决方法是使用find命令搜索mysql.sock的位置，然后按前面两种解决方案挑一种做即可。

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3）验证新密码是否登录成功：

1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
2. Enter password: #此处输入新密码‘123456’
3. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
4. Your MySQL connection id is 4
5. Server version: 5.7.25 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
7. mysql> show tables;
8. ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
9. mysql> show databases;
10. +--------------------+
11. | Database           |
12. +--------------------+
13. | information_schema |
14. | mysql              |
15. | performance_schema |
16. | sys                |
17. +--------------------+
18. 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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十三、添加远程访问权限

1. # 添加远程访问权限
2. mysql> use mysql
4. # 修改root用户可以远程登录：
5. mysql> update user set host='%' where user='root';
6. 或者
7. mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root用户密码' WITH GRANT OPTION;
9. mysql> select host,user from user;
10. +-----------+---------------+
11. | host      | user          |
12. +-----------+---------------+
13. | %         | root          |
14. | localhost | mysql.session |
15. | localhost | mysql.sys     |
16. +-----------+---------------+
17. 3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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十四、重启mysql生效

1. [root@CDH-141 mysql]# service mysqld restart

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1. 备注：
2.     由于安装在/usr/local下面的mysql，因此可以在热河文件夹启动mysql
3.     若安装在别的文件夹，请执行以下命令：
5.    # 为了在任何目录下可以登录mysql
7.      ln -s /你的mysql路径/mysql /usr/local/mysql

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十五、安装过程(仅供参考)

1. [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa|grep mariadb
2. mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
3. [root@localhost ~]# rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
4. [root@localhost ~]# rm /etc/my.cnf
5. rm: cannot remove ‘/etc/my.cnf’: No such file or directory
6. [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
7. [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
8. [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql
9. [root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
10. [root@localhost ~]# useradd -g mysql mysql
11. [root@localhost ~]# passwd mysql
12. Changing password for user mysql.
13. New password:
14. BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
15. Retype new password:
16. Sorry, passwords do not match.
17. New password:
18. Retype new password:
19. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
20. [root@localhost ~]# cd /home/
21. [root@localhost home]# ll
22. total 4
23. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root     root       18 Apr 28 20:35 install
24. drwx------.  3 mysql    mysql      78 Aug  7 07:02 mysql
25. drwx------. 15 panhusun panhusun 4096 Aug  7 06:52 panhusun
26. drwxr-xr-x.  2 root     root        6 Apr 21 01:12 server
27. drwxr-xr-x.  4 root     root      214 May 11 02:43 tar
28. [root@localhost home]# cd tar/
29. [root@localhost tar]# ll
30. total 559012
31. -rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root      11156 Apr 20 03:54 get_helm.sh
32. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root   62468096 Apr 20 23:55 k3s
33. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root  503815168 Apr 20 04:28 k3s-airgap-images-amd64.tar
34. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root      15152 Oct  8  2021 k3s-selinux-0.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
35. drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root       4096 May 11 02:49 libressl-3.5.2
36. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    4039407 May 11 02:43 libressl-3.5.2.tar.gz
37. drwxr-xr-x. 14  501 games      4096 May 11 01:29 zlib-1.2.12
38. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    2060528 May 11 01:58 zlib-1.2.12Upgrade.tar.gz
39. [root@localhost tar]# pwd
40. /home/tar
41. [root@localhost tar]# ^C
42. [root@localhost tar]# ll
43. total 1209952
44. -rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root      11156 Apr 20 03:54 get_helm.sh
45. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root   62468096 Apr 20 23:55 k3s
46. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root  503815168 Apr 20 04:28 k3s-airgap-images-amd64.tar
47. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root      15152 Oct  8  2021 k3s-selinux-0.4-1.el7.noarch.rpm
48. drwxr-xr-x. 11 root root       4096 May 11 02:49 libressl-3.5.2
49. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    4039407 May 11 02:43 libressl-3.5.2.tar.gz
50. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root  666559924 Aug  7 07:04 mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
51. drwxr-xr-x. 14  501 games      4096 May 11 01:29 zlib-1.2.12
52. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    2060528 May 11 01:58 zlib-1.2.12Upgrade.tar.gz
53. [root@localhost tar]# cp mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz /usr/local/
54. [root@localhost tar]# cd /usr/local/
55. [root@localhost local]# ll
56. total 650940
57. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       122 Apr 21 00:03 bin
58. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 etc
59. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 games
60. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root        35 May 11 02:00 include
61. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 lib
62. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 lib64
63. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 libexec
64. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666559924 Aug  7 07:04 mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
65. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 sbin
66. drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root        49 Feb 25 19:38 share
67. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 src
68. [root@localhost local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
69. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisam_ftdump
70. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamchk
71. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisamlog
72. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/myisampack
73. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql
74. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_client_test_embedded
75. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_config_editor
76. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_embedded
77. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_install_db
78. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_plugin
79. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_secure_installation
80. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
81. mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/bin/mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
82. 。。。。。。
83. [root@localhost local]# mv mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
84. [root@localhost local]# ll
85. total 650940
86. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root       122 Apr 21 00:03 bin
87. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 etc
88. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 games
89. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root        35 May 11 02:00 include
90. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 lib
91. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 lib64
92. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 libexec
93. drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root       129 Aug  7 07:05 mysql
94. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 666559924 Aug  7 07:04 mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
95. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 sbin
96. drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root        49 Feb 25 19:38 share
97. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root         6 Apr 10  2018 src
98. [root@localhost local]# rm -f mysql-5.7.36-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
99. [root@localhost local]# ll
100. total 0
101. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 122 Apr 21 00:03 bin
102. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 etc
103. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 games
104. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  35 May 11 02:00 include
105. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 lib
106. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 lib64
107. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 libexec
108. drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 129 Aug  7 07:05 mysql
109. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 sbin
110. drwxr-xr-x. 5 root root  49 Feb 25 19:38 share
111. drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root   6 Apr 10  2018 src
112. [root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql mysql/
113. [root@localhost local]# chgrp -R mysql mysql/
114. [root@localhost local]# cd mysql/
115. [root@localhost mysql]# mkdir data
116. [root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql:mysql data
117. [root@localhost mysql]# cd /etc/
118. [root@localhost etc]# ll
119. total 1420
120. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root      101 Feb 25 19:43 abrt
121. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root       16 Feb 25 19:51 adjtime
122. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root     1529 Mar 31  2020 aliases
123. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    12288 Feb 25 19:52 aliases.db
124. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root       65 Feb 25 19:46 alsa
125. drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     4096 Feb 25 19:51 alternatives
126. -rw-------.  1 root root      541 Aug  8  2019 anacrontab
127. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root       55 Aug  8  2019 asound.conf
128. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root        1 Oct 30  2018 at.deny
129. drwxr-x---.  3 root root       43 Feb 25 19:43 audisp
130. drwxr-x---.  3 root root       83 Feb 25 19:52 audit
131. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    15137 Sep 30  2020 autofs.conf
132. -rw-------.  1 root root      232 Sep 30  2020 autofs_ldap_auth.conf
133. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root      795 Sep 30  2020 auto.master
134. drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root        6 Sep 30  2020 auto.master.d
135. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root      524 Sep 30  2020 auto.misc
136. -rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root     1260 Sep 30  2020 auto.net
137. -rwxr-xr-x.  1 root root      687 Sep 30  2020 auto.smb
138. drwxr-xr-x.  4 root root       71 Feb 25 19:46 avahi
139. 。。。。。。
140. [root@localhost etc]# touch my.cnf
141. [root@localhost etc]# ll
142. total 1420
143. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root      101 Feb 25 19:43 abrt
144. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root       16 Feb 25 19:51 adjtime
145. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root     1529 Mar 31  2020 aliases
146. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root    12288 Feb 25 19:52 aliases.db
147. drwxr-xr-x.  3 root root       65 Feb 25 19:46 alsa
148. drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root     4096 Feb 25 19:51 alternatives
149. -rw-------.  1 root root      541 Aug  8  2019 anacrontab
150. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root       55 Aug  8  2019 asound.conf
151. -rw-r--r--.  1 root root        1 Oct 30  2018 at.deny
152. drwxr-x---.  3 root root       43 Feb 25 19:43 audisp
153. drwxr-x---.  3 root root       83 Feb 25 19:52 audit
154. 。。。。。。
155. [root@localhost etc]# pwd
156. /etc
157. [root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
158. [root@localhost mysql]# ll
159. total 272
160. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 bin
161. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql      6 Aug  7 07:06 data
162. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     55 Aug  7 07:05 docs
163. drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 include
164. drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql    230 Aug  7 07:05 lib
165. -rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql 259199 Sep  6  2021 LICENSE
166. drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql     30 Aug  7 07:05 man
167. -rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql    566 Sep  6  2021 README
168. drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 share
169. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     90 Aug  7 07:05 support-files
170. [root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --
171. 2022-08-07 07:09:15 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
172. 2022-08-07 07:09:15 [ERROR]   The data directory needs to be specified.
173. [root@localhost mysql]# cd bin/
174. [root@localhost bin]# mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --
175. bash: mysql_install_db: command not found...
176. [root@localhost bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --
177. 2022-08-07 07:09:40 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
178. 2022-08-07 07:09:40 [ERROR]   The data directory needs to be specified.
179. [root@localhost bin]# cd bi
180. -bash: cd: bi: No such file or directory
181. [root@localhost bin]# cd bin
182. -bash: cd: bin: No such file or directory
183. [root@localhost bin]# ll
184. total 1348160
185. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   8147275 Sep  7  2021 innochecksum
186. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql    359769 Sep  7  2021 lz4_decompress
187. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql  10101581 Sep  7  2021 myisamchk
188. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   9642658 Sep  7  2021 myisam_ftdump
189. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   7539128 Sep  7  2021 myisamlog
190. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   9769178 Sep  7  2021 myisampack
191. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql   7435495 Sep  7  2021 my_print_defaults
192. -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mysql mysql  10456480 Sep  7  2021 mysql
193. 。。。。。。
194. [root@localhost bin]# ./mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
195. 2022-08-07T14:10:55.428560Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
196. 2022-08-07T14:10:55.485143Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
197. 2022-08-07T14:10:55.549898Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: c0c72931-165a-11ed-b15d-000c290923cd.
198. 2022-08-07T14:10:55.552919Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
199. 2022-08-07T14:10:56.502231Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
200. 2022-08-07T14:10:56.502306Z 0 [Warning] A deprecated TLS version TLSv1.1 is enabled. Please use TLSv1.2 or higher.
201. 2022-08-07T14:10:56.504364Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
202. 2022-08-07T14:10:56.740944Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ?dV?_49?hc.f
203. [root@localhost bin]# pwd
204. /usr/local/mysql/bin
205. [root@localhost bin]# bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
206. -bash: bin/mysql_install_db: No such file or directory
207. [root@localhost bin]# ./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
208. -bash: ./bin/mysql_install_db: No such file or directory
209. [root@localhost bin]# sh bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
210. sh: bin/mysql_install_db: No such file or directory
211. [root@localhost bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
212. 2022-08-07 07:12:36 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
213. 2022-08-07 07:12:36 [ERROR]   The data directory '/usr/local/mysql/data' already exist and is not empty.
214. [root@localhost bin]# rm -rf /usr/local/mysql/data/
215. [root@localhost bin]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
216. 2022-08-07 07:13:23 [WARNING] mysql_install_db is deprecated. Please consider switching to mysqld --initialize
217. 2022-08-07 07:13:27 [WARNING] The bootstrap log isn't empty:
218. 2022-08-07 07:13:27 [WARNING] 2022-08-07T14:13:23.279025Z 0 [Warning] --bootstrap is deprecated. Please consider using --initialize instead
219. 2022-08-07T14:13:23.279659Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: max_open_files: 1024 (requested 5000)
220. 2022-08-07T14:13:23.279668Z 0 [Warning] Changed limits: table_open_cache: 407 (requested 2000)
222. [root@localhost bin]# cd ../
223. [root@localhost mysql]# ll
224. total 276
225. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 bin
226. drwxr-x---.  5 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:13 data
227. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     55 Aug  7 07:05 docs
228. drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 include
229. drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql    230 Aug  7 07:05 lib
230. -rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql 259199 Sep  6  2021 LICENSE
231. drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql     30 Aug  7 07:05 man
232. -rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql    566 Sep  6  2021 README
233. drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql   4096 Aug  7 07:05 share
234. drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     90 Aug  7 07:05 support-files
235. [root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
236. [root@localhost mysql]# chown 777 my.cnf
237. chown: cannot access ‘my.cnf’: No such file or directory
238. [root@localhost mysql]# chown 777 /etc/my.cnf
239. [root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
240. ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
241. Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
242. 2022-08-07T14:14:23.991592Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
243. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
244. [root@localhost mysql]# mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql
245. bash: mysql]#: command not found...
246. [root@localhost mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql
247. root      14366  0.0  0.0 112808   964 pts/1    R+   07:15   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
248. [root@localhost mysql]# kill -9 14366
249. -bash: kill: (14366) - No such process
250. [root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe: line 198: 32684 Killed                  nohup /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=CDH-141.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/CDH-141.pid --port=3323 < /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1
251. [root@localhost mysql]# ps aux|grep mysql
252. root      14670  0.0  0.0 112808   968 pts/1    S+   07:15   0:00 grep --color=auto mysql
253. [root@localhost mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
254. ERROR! MySQL server PID file could not be found!
255. Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
256. 2022-08-07T14:15:57.588824Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
257. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
258. [root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start
259. Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
260. 2022-08-07T14:16:30.536032Z mysqld_safe Directory '/var/lib/mysql' for UNIX socket file don't exists.
261. ERROR! The server quit without updating PID file (/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid).
262. [root@localhost mysql]# cat /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err
263. cat: /usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err: No such file or directory
264. [root@localhost mysql]# cd  /usr/local/mysql/data/
265. [root@localhost data]# ll
266. total 110660
267. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql       56 Aug  7 07:13 auto.cnf
268. -rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1676 Aug  7 07:13 ca-key.pem
269. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Aug  7 07:13 ca.pem
270. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Aug  7 07:13 client-cert.pem
271. -rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1676 Aug  7 07:13 client-key.pem
272. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql      436 Aug  7 07:13 ib_buffer_pool
273. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 12582912 Aug  7 07:13 ibdata1
274. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Aug  7 07:13 ib_logfile0
275. -rw-r-----. 1 mysql mysql 50331648 Aug  7 07:13 ib_logfile1
276. drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql     4096 Aug  7 07:13 mysql
277. drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql     8192 Aug  7 07:13 performance_schema
278. -rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1676 Aug  7 07:13 private_key.pem
279. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql      452 Aug  7 07:13 public_key.pem
280. -rw-r--r--. 1 mysql mysql     1112 Aug  7 07:13 server-cert.pem
281. -rw-------. 1 mysql mysql     1680 Aug  7 07:13 server-key.pem
282. drwxr-x---. 2 mysql mysql     8192 Aug  7 07:13 sys
283. [root@localhost data]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
284. chown: cannot access ‘/var/lib/mysql’: No such file or directory
285. [root@localhost data]# mkdir -p /var//lib/mysql
286. [root@localhost data]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/lib/mysql
287. [root@localhost data]# systemctl start mysql
288. Failed to start mysql.service: Unit not found.
289. [root@localhost data]# systemctl start mysqld
290. Failed to start mysqld.service: Unit not found.
291. [root@localhost data]# service mysqld start
292. Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.
293. SUCCESS!
294. [root@localhost data]# chkconfig --level 35 mysqld on
295. [root@localhost data]# chkconfig --list mysqld
297. Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
298.       systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
299.       systemd configuration.
301.       If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
302.       To see services enabled on particular target use
303.       'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
305. mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
306. [root@localhost data]# service mysqld status
307. SUCCESS! MySQL running (16587)
308. [root@localhost data]# vim /etc/profile
309. [root@localhost data]# source /etc/profile
310. [root@localhost data]#  cat /root/.mysql_secret
311. # Password set for user 'root@localhost' at 2022-08-07 07:13:23
312. SBjo&twpMd>K
313. [root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
314. Enter password:
315. mysql: Character set 'utf8-mb4' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the '/usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/Index.xml' file
316. mysql: Character set 'utf8-mb4' is not a compiled character set and is not specified in the '/usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/Index.xml' file
317. ERROR 2019 (HY000): <strong>Can't initialize character set utf8-mb4 (path: /usr/local/mysql/share/charsets/)</strong>
318. [root@localhost data]# vim /etc/my.cnf
319. [root@localhost data]# systemctl restart mysql
320. [root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
321. Enter password:
322. ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
323. [root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
324. Enter password:
325. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
326. Your MySQL connection id is 7
327. Server version: 5.7.36
329. Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
331. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
332. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
333. owners.
335. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
337. mysql> set PASSWORD = PASSWORD('MGuoDu2022');
338. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
340. mysql> flush privileges;
341. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
343. mysql>exit;
344. Bye<br><br>
345. [root@localhost data]# mysql -uroot -p
346. Enter password:
347. Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
348. Your MySQL connection id is 9
349. Server version: 5.7.36 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
351. Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
353. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
354. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
355. owners.
357. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
359. mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'MGuoDu2022' WITH GRANT OPTION;
360. Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.06 sec)
362. mysql> select host,user from user;
363. ERROR 1046 (3D000): No database selected
364. mysql> service mysqld restart
365. mysql> exit;
366. Bye<br>
367. [root@localhost data]# service mysqld restart
368. Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
369. Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
370. [root@localhost data]# systemctl status firewalld
371. ● firewalld.service - firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon
372.    Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/firewalld.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
373.    Active: active (running) since Sun 2022-08-07 06:50:58 PDT; 39min ago
374.      Docs: man:firewalld(1)
375. Main PID: 696 (firewalld)
376.     Tasks: 2
377.    Memory: 10.6M
378.    CGroup: /system.slice/firewalld.service
379.            └─696 /usr/bin/python2 -Es /usr/sbin/firewalld --nofork --nopid
381. Aug 07 06:50:57 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon...
382. Aug 07 06:50:58 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started firewalld - dynamic firewall daemon.
383. Aug 07 06:50:58 localhost.localdomain firewalld[696]: WARNING: AllowZoneDrifting is enabled. This is considered an insec... now.
384. Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
385. [root@localhost data]#
386. [root@localhost data]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=3506/tcp
387. success
388. [root@localhost data]#
389. [root@localhost data]# firewall-cmd --reload
390. success
391. [root@localhost data]# vim /etc/my.cnf
392. [root@localhost data]# systemctl restart mysql
393. [root@localhost data]#

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