Linux查看硬盘信息的几种下令包罗df、du、lsblk、fdisk、smartctl。
一、 df下令
df -h 是最常见的磁盘问看下令。它可以表现文件体系的总大小、已用空间、可用空间和挂载点等信息。
- [root@FZCTP-DB ~]# df -h
- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
- /dev/mapper/centos-root 110G 46G 65G 42% /
- /dev/mapper/centos-data 1.9T 1.5T 389G 80% /data
- /dev/vda2 1014M 196M 819M 20% /boot
- /dev/vdb1 1.0T 14G 1011G 2% /backup
- tmpfs 41G 12G 30G 29% /dev/shm
- tmpfs 32G 2.2G 30G 7% /run
- tmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
- tmpfs 6.3G 40K 6.3G 1% /run/user/0
- tmpfs 6.3G 0 6.3G 0% /run/user/1001
- /dev/sr0 4.3G 4.3G 0 100% /mnt/cdrom
- devtmpfs 32G 0 32G 0% /dev
复制代码 “Size”表示文件体系总大小,“Used”表示已使用大小,“Avail”表示可用空间linux启动盘制作工具,“Use%”表示已使用百分比
二、du 下令
du下令是用于查看目录或文件占用磁盘空间的下令。
常用下令和选项,统计当前目录下的文件和目录占用空间
- [root@FZCTP-DB ~]# du -sh *
- 4.0K anaconda-ks.cfg
- 4.0K Desktop
- 4.0K Documents
- 20K Downloads
- 64K install.log
- 12K install.log.syslog
- 11G logs
- 4.0K Music
- 4.0K Pictures
- 4.0K Public
- 436K soft
复制代码- -s, --summarize 仅显示总计,只列出最后加总的值。
- -h, --human-readable 以K,M,G为单位,提高信息的可读性。
复制代码 常看指定目录下全部文件的大小(会遍历全部文件)
- [root@FZCTP-DB tomcat]# du -h apache-tomcat-9.0.36/
- 6.5M apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/applets
- 16K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/dorado/uploader/resolver
- 20K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/dorado/uploader
- 16K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/dorado/view/output
- 20K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/dorado/view/resolver
- 48K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/dorado/view
- 12K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/dorado/web/resolver
- 16K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/dorado/web
- 88K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/dorado
- 36K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/bdf2/export/excel
- 12K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/bdf2/export/csv
- 8.0K apache-tomcat-9.0.36/webapps/java/WEB-INF/classes/com/bstek/bdf2/export/pdf/model
复制代码 将文件从大到小排序
三、lsblk下令
lsblk该下令可以列出体系中全部块设备(如硬盘、SSD 等)的信息,包罗设备名称、容量、挂载点等。通过这个下令可以方便地了解体系硬件配置和磁盘分区环境。
- [root@FZCTP-DB ~]# lsblk
- NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
- sda 8:0 0 558.9G 0 disk
- |-sda1 8:1 0 500M 0 part /boot/efi
- |-sda2 8:2 0 500M 0 part /boot
- `-sda3 8:3 0 557.9G 0 part
- |-vg_fzctpdb-LogVol00_swap (dm-0) 253:0 0 64G 0 lvm [SWAP]
- |-vg_fzctpdb-LogVol04_root (dm-1) 253:1 0 453.9G 0 lvm /
- |-vg_fzctpdb-LogVol03_var (dm-2) 253:2 0 20G 0 lvm /var
- |-vg_fzctpdb-LogVol02_usr (dm-3) 253:3 0 10G 0 lvm /usr
- `-vg_fzctpdb-LogVol01_tmp (dm-4) 253:4 0 10G 0 lvm /tmp
复制代码 四、fdisk下令
fdisk 下令可以表现体系中全部硬盘的分区环境,包罗分区范例、容量、起始位置等信息。通过这个下令可以查看体系磁盘的物理结构和分布环境。
- [root@FZ-DB ~]# fdisk -l
- Disk /dev/sda: 600.1 GB, 600093712384 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 72957 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 262144 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
- /dev/sda1 1 72958 586029015+ ee GPT
- Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
- Disk /dev/mapper/vg_fzctpdb-LogVol00_swap: 68.7 GB, 68719476736 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 8354 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 262144 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- Disk /dev/mapper/vg_fzctpdb-LogVol04_root: 487.4 GB, 487369736192 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 59252 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 262144 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- Disk /dev/mapper/vg_fzctpdb-LogVol03_var: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 262144 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- Disk /dev/mapper/vg_fzctpdb-LogVol02_usr: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 262144 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
- Disk /dev/mapper/vg_fzctpdb-LogVol01_tmp: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
- 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
- Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
- Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
- I/O size (minimum/optimal): 262144 bytes / 262144 bytes
- Disk identifier: 0x00000000
复制代码 五、smartctl下令
smartctl下令是用于检测硬盘健康状态并表现相关信息的下令。它可以表现硬盘的温度、寿命预测、错误记录等信息。
- [root@FZ-DB ~]# smartctl -a /dev/sda
- smartctl 5.43 2016-09-28 r4347 [x86_64-linux-2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64] (local build)
- Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
- Vendor: HP
- Product: LOGICAL VOLUME
- Revision: 5.52
- User Capacity: 600,093,712,384 bytes [600 GB]
- Logical block size: 512 bytes
- Logical Unit id: 0x600508b1001c13ef256161d9825110ea
- Serial number: PDNLH0BRH981LP
- Device type: disk
- Local Time is: Wed Jun 19 10:24:12 2024 CST
- Device supports SMART and is Enabled
- Temperature Warning Disabled or Not Supported
- SMART Health Status: OK
- Error Counter logging not supported
- Device does not support Self Test logging
复制代码 https://www.linuxcool.com/lypkjzkmlff
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/688628108
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