Qt 状态机编程，双层状态机，实现停息恢复

流程设计状态图

1. #ifndef WORKMACHINE_H
2. #define WORKMACHINE_H
4. #include <QObject>
5. #include <QStateMachine>
6. #include <QHistoryState>
7. #include <QFinalState>
9. #include "WorkThread.h"
11. class WorkMachine : public QObject
12. {
13.     Q_OBJECT
14. public:
15.     explicit WorkMachine(QObject *parent = nullptr);
16.     ~WorkMachine();
18.     void startMachine();
19.     void runMachineWorkFlow();
20.     void pauseMachine();
21.     void resumeMachine();
23. signals:
24.     void sigMachineLog(QString log);
25.     void sigNextState();
26.     void sigPauseMachine();
27.     void sigResumeMachine();
28.     void sigMachineState(int state);
30. private:
31.     void initMachine();
32.     void initStateTrans();
33.     void initWork();
35. private:
36.     // 待机-》 (开门-》关门-》清洗-》甩干-》)  结束
37.     QStateMachine   m_machine;
38.     QState          *m_idleState;
39.     QState          *m_stateOpen;
40.     QState          *m_stateClose;
41.     QState          *m_groupStateWork;
42.     QState          *m_stateWash;
43.     QState          *m_stateDry;
44.     QState          *m_statePause;
45.     QHistoryState   *m_stateHistoryWork;
46.     bool            m_isPause;
47.     WorkThread      *m_workThread;
48. };
50. #endif // WORKMACHINE_H

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1. #include "WorkMachine.h"
2. #include <QDebug>
4. WorkMachine::WorkMachine(QObject *parent)
5.     : QObject{parent}
6. {
7.     initMachine();
8.     initStateTrans();
9.     initWork();
10.     m_isPause = false;
11. }
13. WorkMachine::~WorkMachine()
14. {
15.     m_groupStateWork->deleteLater();
16. }
18. void WorkMachine::startMachine()
19. {
20.     if (m_machine.isRunning()) {
21.         qDebug() << " ********* stop **********";
22.         m_machine.stop();
23.         emit sigMachineState(0);
24.     }
25.     else {
26.         qDebug() << "******** machine start work ********";
27.         m_machine.start();
28.         emit sigMachineState(1);
29.         //emit sigMachineLog("******** machine start work ********")
30.     }
31. }
33. void WorkMachine::runMachineWorkFlow()
34. {
35.     emit sigNextState();
36. }
38. void WorkMachine::pauseMachine()
39. {
40.     emit sigPauseMachine();
42.     m_isPause = true;
43. }
45. void WorkMachine::resumeMachine()
46. {
47.     emit sigResumeMachine();
48.     m_isPause = false;
49. }
51. void WorkMachine::initMachine()
52. {
53.     m_workThread = new WorkThread();
55.     m_idleState = new QState(&m_machine);
56.     m_idleState->setObjectName("initialState");
57.     m_statePause = new QState(&m_machine);
58.     m_statePause->setObjectName("pauseState");
60.     m_groupStateWork = new QState(&m_machine);
61.     m_groupStateWork->setObjectName("stateWork");
63.     m_stateOpen = new QState(m_groupStateWork);
64.     m_stateOpen->setObjectName("openState");
66.     QState *open1 = new QState(m_stateOpen);
67.     open1->setObjectName("open1State");
68.     QState *open2 = new QState(m_stateOpen);
69.     QFinalState *openFinal  = new QFinalState(m_stateOpen);
71.     open2->setObjectName("open2State");
72.     m_stateOpen->setInitialState(open1);
73.     open1->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigNextState, open2);
74.     open2->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigNextState, openFinal);
75.     connect(open1, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
76.         m_workThread->startTask("step 1 open1", 500);
77.     });
78.     connect(open2, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
79.         m_workThread->startTask("step 1 open2", 500);
80.     });
82.     m_stateClose = new QState(m_groupStateWork);
83.     m_stateClose->setObjectName("closeState");
85.     m_stateWash = new QState(m_groupStateWork);
86.     m_stateWash->setObjectName("stateWash");
88.     m_stateDry = new QState(m_groupStateWork);
89.     m_stateDry->setObjectName("stateDry");
91.     m_stateHistoryWork = new QHistoryState(m_groupStateWork);
92.     m_stateHistoryWork->setObjectName("historyState");
93.     m_stateHistoryWork->setDefaultState(m_stateWash);
94.     m_stateHistoryWork->setHistoryType(QHistoryState::DeepHistory);
96.     m_groupStateWork->setChildMode(QState::ExclusiveStates);
97.     m_groupStateWork->setInitialState(m_stateHistoryWork);
98.     m_machine.setInitialState(m_idleState);
99. }
101. void WorkMachine::initStateTrans()
102. {
103.     m_groupStateWork->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigPauseMachine, m_statePause);
104.     m_statePause->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigResumeMachine, m_stateHistoryWork);
106.     connect(m_workThread, &WorkThread::finished, this, [this](){
107.         if (m_isPause) {
109.         }
110.         else {
111.             emit sigNextState();
112.         }
113.     });
115.     m_idleState->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigNextState, m_stateOpen);
116.     //m_stateOpen->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigNextState, m_stateClose);
117.     m_stateOpen->addTransition(m_stateOpen, &QState::finished, m_stateClose);
118.     m_stateClose->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigNextState, m_stateWash);
119.     m_stateWash->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigNextState, m_stateDry);
120.     m_stateDry->addTransition(this, &WorkMachine::sigNextState, m_idleState);
121. }
123. void WorkMachine::initWork()
124. {
125.     connect(m_idleState, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
126.         qDebug() << "init state";
127.     });
129.     connect(m_stateHistoryWork, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
130.         qDebug() << "m_stateHistoryWork state enter";
131.     });
133.     connect(m_stateOpen, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
134.         m_workThread->startTask("step 1 Open");
135.     });
137.     connect(m_stateClose, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
138.         m_workThread->startTask("step 2 Close");
139.     });
141.     connect(m_groupStateWork, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
142.         qDebug() << "Work state enter";
143.     });
145.     connect(m_stateWash, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
146.         m_workThread->startTask("step 3 Wash", 2000);
147.     });
149.     connect(m_stateDry, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
150.         m_workThread->startTask("step 4 Dry", 2000);
151.     });
153.     connect(m_statePause, &QState::entered, this, [this](){
154.         qDebug() << "pause";
155.     });
156. }

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1. #ifndef WORKTHREAD_H
2. #define WORKTHREAD_H
4. #include <QObject>
5. #include <QThread>
7. class WorkThread: public QThread
8. {
9. public:
10.     WorkThread();
11.     void startTask(QString log, int timems=500);
12.     void run() override;
14. private:
15.     QString   m_log;
16.     int       m_time;
17. };
19. #endif // WORKTHREAD_H

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1. #include "WorkThread.h"
2. #include <QDebug>
4. WorkThread::WorkThread() {
6. }
8. void WorkThread::startTask(QString log, int timems)
9. {
10.     m_log = log;
11.     m_time = timems;
12.     this->start();
13. }
15. void WorkThread::run()
16. {
17.     QThread::msleep(100);
18.     qDebug() << m_log  + " start running ...";
20.     QThread::msleep(m_time);
21.     qDebug() << m_log  + " end";
22. }

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UI 控制类

1. #ifndef WIDGET_H
2. #define WIDGET_H
4. #include <QWidget>
5. #include "WorkMachine.h"
7. QT_BEGIN_NAMESPACE
8. namespace Ui {
9. class Widget;
10. }
11. QT_END_NAMESPACE
13. class Widget : public QWidget
14. {
15.     Q_OBJECT
17. public:
18.     Widget(QWidget *parent = nullptr);
19.     ~Widget();
21. private slots:
22.     void on_btnRun_clicked();
24. private:
25.     Ui::Widget *ui;
26.     WorkMachine  m_machine;
27. };
28. #endif // WIDGET_H

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1. #include "widget.h"
2. #include "ui_widget.h"
4. Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent)
5.     : QWidget(parent)
6.     , ui(new Ui::Widget)
7. {
8.     ui->setupUi(this);
10.     connect(ui->btnStart, &QPushButton::clicked, this, [this](){
11.         m_machine.startMachine();
12.     });
14.     connect(ui->btnPause, &QPushButton::clicked, this, [this](){
15.         m_machine.pauseMachine();
16.     });
18.     connect(ui->btnResume, &QPushButton::clicked, this, [this](){
19.         m_machine.resumeMachine();
20.     });
22.     connect(&m_machine, &WorkMachine::sigMachineState, this, [this](bool isRun){
23.         ui->btnPause->setEnabled(isRun);
24.     });
25. }
27. Widget::~Widget()
28. {
29.     delete ui;
30. }
32. void Widget::on_btnRun_clicked()
33. {
34.     m_machine.runMachineWorkFlow();
35. }

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设计思绪：
1 .每个状态对应一个流程
2. 每个状态进入后开始执行流程动作
3. 状态进入流程开始执行，执行结束线程结束
4. 线程结束信号控制转移到下一个状态，也就是下一个流程继续往下走
5. 停息时候主动触发 pause 信号状态机从 work 状态跳出到 pause 状态
6. 恢复时候从 pause 状态回到 history 状态，根据必要设置汗青状态深浅，是否记载子状态，还是只记载第一层状态
7. 每个子状态流程末尾使用 final 状态标记，使用他的finished 信号进行状态转移
8. 每个子状态设置初始状态，也就是子状态第一个状态

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