linux离线安装Ollama并完成大模子配置（无网络）

这篇文章主要分享两方面内容：
1）在纯内网环境下如何部署ollama
2）在纯内网环境下如何配置大模子
话不多说直接开始。
①离线部署ollama

一、通过欣赏器访问ollama官方安装脚本，获取脚本内容。复制里面的内容。
在Linux中执行vi install.sh，将复制的内容粘贴进去。
https://ollama.com/install.sh

https://ollama.com/install.sh
二、修改install.sh安装脚本，下面是完整的脚本，也可以忽略第一步直接复制这里的内容写入install.sh。这里主要改动的地方是联网获取ollama的部分为从本地获取。

1. #!/bin/sh
2. # This script installs Ollama on Linux.
3. # It detects the current operating system architecture and installs the appropriate version of Ollama.
5. set -eu
8. status() { echo ">>> $*" >&2; }
9. error() { echo "ERROR $*"; exit 1; }
10. warning() { echo "WARNING: $*"; }
12. TEMP_DIR=$(mktemp -d)
13. cleanup() { rm -rf $TEMP_DIR; }
14. trap cleanup EXIT
16. available() { command -v $1 >/dev/null; }
17. require() {
18.     local MISSING=''
19.     for TOOL in $*; do
20.         if ! available $TOOL; then
21.             MISSING="$MISSING $TOOL"
22.         fi
23.     done
25.     echo $MISSING
26. }
28. [ "$(uname -s)" = "Linux" ] || error 'This script is intended to run on Linux only.'
30. ARCH=$(uname -m)
31. case "$ARCH" in
32.     x86_64) ARCH="amd64" ;;
33.     aarch64|arm64) ARCH="arm64" ;;
34.     *) error "Unsupported architecture: $ARCH" ;;
35. esac
37. IS_WSL2=false
39. KERN=$(uname -r)
40. case "$KERN" in
41.     *icrosoft*WSL2 | *icrosoft*wsl2) IS_WSL2=true;;
42.     *icrosoft) error "Microsoft WSL1 is not currently supported. Please use WSL2 with 'wsl --set-version <distro> 2'" ;;
43.     *) ;;
44. esac
46. VER_PARAM="${OLLAMA_VERSION:+?version=$OLLAMA_VERSION}"
48. SUDO=
49. if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then
50.     # Running as root, no need for sudo
51.     if ! available sudo; then
52.         error "This script requires superuser permissions. Please re-run as root."
53.     fi
55.     SUDO="sudo"
56. fi
58. NEEDS=$(require curl awk grep sed tee xargs)
59. if [ -n "$NEEDS" ]; then
60.     status "ERROR: The following tools are required but missing:"
61.     for NEED in $NEEDS; do
62.         echo "  - $NEED"
63.     done
64.     exit 1
65. fi
67. for BINDIR in /usr/local/bin /usr/bin /bin; do
68.     echo $PATH | grep -q $BINDIR && break || continue
69. done
70. OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR=$(dirname ${BINDIR})
72. status "Installing ollama to $OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
73. $SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 -d $BINDIR
74. $SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 -d "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
75. #if curl -I --silent --fail --location "https://ollama.com/download/ollama-linux-${ARCH}.tgz${VER_PARAM}" >/dev/null ; then
76. #注释掉以下代码
77. #    status "Downloading Linux ${ARCH} bundle"
78. #    curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar \
79. #        "https://ollama.com/download/ollama-linux-${ARCH}.tgz${VER_PARAM}" | \
80. #        $SUDO tar -xzf - -C "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
81. #    BUNDLE=1
82. #    if [ "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/bin/ollama" != "$BINDIR/ollama" ] ; then
83. #        status "Making ollama accessible in the PATH in $BINDIR"
84. #        $SUDO ln -sf "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/ollama" "$BINDIR/ollama"
85. #    fi
86. #else
87. #    status "Downloading Linux ${ARCH} CLI"
88. #    curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar -o "$TEMP_DIR/ollama"\
89. #    "https://ollama.com/download/ollama-linux-${ARCH}${VER_PARAM}"
90. #    $SUDO install -o0 -g0 -m755 $TEMP_DIR/ollama $OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/ollama
91. #    BUNDLE=0
92. #    if [ "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/ollama" != "$BINDIR/ollama" ] ; then
93. #        status "Making ollama accessible in the PATH in $BINDIR"
94. #        $SUDO ln -sf "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/ollama" "$BINDIR/ollama"
95. #    fi
96. #fi
97. #新增以下代码
98. LOCAL_OLLAMA_TGZ="./ollama-linux-${ARCH}.tgz${VER_PARAM}"
99. if [ -f "$LOCAL_OLLAMA_TGZ" ]; then
100.     status "Installing from local file $LOCAL_OLLAMA_TGZ"
101.     $SUDO tar -xzf "$LOCAL_OLLAMA_TGZ" -C "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
102.     BUNDLE=1
103.     if [ ! -e "$BINDIR/ollama" ]; then
104.         status "Making ollama accessible in the PATH in $BINDIR"
105.         $SUDO ln -sf "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR/ollama" "$BINDIR/ollama"
106.     fi
107. else
108.     echo "Error: The local file $LOCAL_OLLAMA_TGZ does not exist."
109.     exit 1
110. fi
113. install_success() {
114.     status 'The Ollama API is now available at 127.0.0.1:11434.'
115.     status 'Install complete. Run "ollama" from the command line.'
116. }
117. trap install_success EXIT
119. # Everything from this point onwards is optional.
121. configure_systemd() {
122.     if ! id ollama >/dev/null 2>&1; then
123.         status "Creating ollama user..."
124.         $SUDO useradd -r -s /bin/false -U -m -d /usr/share/ollama ollama
125.     fi
126.     if getent group render >/dev/null 2>&1; then
127.         status "Adding ollama user to render group..."
128.         $SUDO usermod -a -G render ollama
129.     fi
130.     if getent group video >/dev/null 2>&1; then
131.         status "Adding ollama user to video group..."
132.         $SUDO usermod -a -G video ollama
133.     fi
135.     status "Adding current user to ollama group..."
136.     $SUDO usermod -a -G ollama $(whoami)
138.     status "Creating ollama systemd service..."
139.     cat <<EOF | $SUDO tee /etc/systemd/system/ollama.service >/dev/null
140. [Unit]
141. Description=Ollama Service
142. After=network-online.target
144. [Service]
145. ExecStart=$BINDIR/ollama serve
146. User=ollama
147. Group=ollama
148. Restart=always
149. RestartSec=3
150. Environment="PATH=$PATH"
152. [Install]
153. WantedBy=default.target
154. EOF
155.     SYSTEMCTL_RUNNING="$(systemctl is-system-running || true)"
156.     case $SYSTEMCTL_RUNNING in
157.         running|degraded)
158.             status "Enabling and starting ollama service..."
159.             $SUDO systemctl daemon-reload
160.             $SUDO systemctl enable ollama
162.             start_service() { $SUDO systemctl restart ollama; }
163.             trap start_service EXIT
164.             ;;
165.     esac
166. }
168. if available systemctl; then
169.     configure_systemd
170. fi
172. # WSL2 only supports GPUs via nvidia passthrough
173. # so check for nvidia-smi to determine if GPU is available
174. if [ "$IS_WSL2" = true ]; then
175.     if available nvidia-smi && [ -n "$(nvidia-smi | grep -o "CUDA Version: [0-9]*\.[0-9]*")" ]; then
176.         status "Nvidia GPU detected."
177.     fi
178.     install_success
179.     exit 0
180. fi
182. # Install GPU dependencies on Linux
183. if ! available lspci && ! available lshw; then
184.     warning "Unable to detect NVIDIA/AMD GPU. Install lspci or lshw to automatically detect and install GPU dependencies."
185.     exit 0
186. fi
188. check_gpu() {
189.     # Look for devices based on vendor ID for NVIDIA and AMD
190.     case $1 in
191.         lspci)
192.             case $2 in
193.                 nvidia) available lspci && lspci -d '10de:' | grep -q 'NVIDIA' || return 1 ;;
194.                 amdgpu) available lspci && lspci -d '1002:' | grep -q 'AMD' || return 1 ;;
195.             esac ;;
196.         lshw)
197.             case $2 in
198.                 nvidia) available lshw && $SUDO lshw -c display -numeric -disable network | grep -q 'vendor: .* \[10DE\]' || return 1 ;;
199.                 amdgpu) available lshw && $SUDO lshw -c display -numeric -disable network | grep -q 'vendor: .* \[1002\]' || return 1 ;;
200.             esac ;;
201.         nvidia-smi) available nvidia-smi || return 1 ;;
202.     esac
203. }
205. if check_gpu nvidia-smi; then
206.     status "NVIDIA GPU installed."
207.     exit 0
208. fi
210. if ! check_gpu lspci nvidia && ! check_gpu lshw nvidia && ! check_gpu lspci amdgpu && ! check_gpu lshw amdgpu; then
211.     install_success
212.     warning "No NVIDIA/AMD GPU detected. Ollama will run in CPU-only mode."
213.     exit 0
214. fi
216. if check_gpu lspci amdgpu || check_gpu lshw amdgpu; then
217.     if [ $BUNDLE -ne 0 ]; then
218.         status "Downloading Linux ROCm ${ARCH} bundle"
219.         curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar \
220.             "https://ollama.com/download/ollama-linux-${ARCH}-rocm.tgz${VER_PARAM}" | \
221.             $SUDO tar -xzf - -C "$OLLAMA_INSTALL_DIR"
223.         install_success
224.         status "AMD GPU ready."
225.         exit 0
226.     fi
227.     # Look for pre-existing ROCm v6 before downloading the dependencies
228.     for search in "${HIP_PATH:-''}" "${ROCM_PATH:-''}" "/opt/rocm" "/usr/lib64"; do
229.         if [ -n "${search}" ] && [ -e "${search}/libhipblas.so.2" -o -e "${search}/lib/libhipblas.so.2" ]; then
230.             status "Compatible AMD GPU ROCm library detected at ${search}"
231.             install_success
232.             exit 0
233.         fi
234.     done
236.     status "Downloading AMD GPU dependencies..."
237.     $SUDO rm -rf /usr/share/ollama/lib
238.     $SUDO chmod o+x /usr/share/ollama
239.     $SUDO install -o ollama -g ollama -m 755 -d /usr/share/ollama/lib/rocm
240.     curl --fail --show-error --location --progress-bar "https://ollama.com/download/ollama-linux-amd64-rocm.tgz${VER_PARAM}" \
241.         | $SUDO tar zx --owner ollama --group ollama -C /usr/share/ollama/lib/rocm .
242.     install_success
243.     status "AMD GPU ready."
244.     exit 0
245. fi
247. CUDA_REPO_ERR_MSG="NVIDIA GPU detected, but your OS and Architecture are not supported by NVIDIA.  Please install the CUDA driver manually https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/"
248. # ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-7-centos-7
249. # ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-8-rocky-8
250. # ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#rhel-9-rocky-9
251. # ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#fedora
252. install_cuda_driver_yum() {
253.     status 'Installing NVIDIA repository...'
254.    
255.     case $PACKAGE_MANAGER in
256.         yum)
257.             $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install yum-utils
258.             if curl -I --silent --fail --location "https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-$1$2.repo" >/dev/null ; then
259.                 $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER-config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-$1$2.repo
260.             else
261.                 error $CUDA_REPO_ERR_MSG
262.             fi
263.             ;;
264.         dnf)
265.             if curl -I --silent --fail --location "https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-$1$2.repo" >/dev/null ; then
266.                 $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER config-manager --add-repo https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-$1$2.repo
267.             else
268.                 error $CUDA_REPO_ERR_MSG
269.             fi
270.             ;;
271.     esac
273.     case $1 in
274.         rhel)
275.             status 'Installing EPEL repository...'
276.             # EPEL is required for third-party dependencies such as dkms and libvdpau
277.             $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-$2.noarch.rpm || true
278.             ;;
279.     esac
281.     status 'Installing CUDA driver...'
283.     if [ "$1" = 'centos' ] || [ "$1$2" = 'rhel7' ]; then
284.         $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install nvidia-driver-latest-dkms
285.     fi
287.     $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install cuda-drivers
288. }
290. # ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#ubuntu
291. # ref: https://docs.nvidia.com/cuda/cuda-installation-guide-linux/index.html#debian
292. install_cuda_driver_apt() {
293.     status 'Installing NVIDIA repository...'
294.     if curl -I --silent --fail --location "https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb" >/dev/null ; then
295.         curl -fsSL -o $TEMP_DIR/cuda-keyring.deb https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/$1$2/$(uname -m | sed -e 's/aarch64/sbsa/')/cuda-keyring_1.1-1_all.deb
296.     else
297.         error $CUDA_REPO_ERR_MSG
298.     fi
300.     case $1 in
301.         debian)
302.             status 'Enabling contrib sources...'
303.             $SUDO sed 's/main/contrib/' < /etc/apt/sources.list | $SUDO tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/contrib.list > /dev/null
304.             if [ -f "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources" ]; then
305.                 $SUDO sed 's/main/contrib/' < /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.sources | $SUDO tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/contrib.sources > /dev/null
306.             fi
307.             ;;
308.     esac
310.     status 'Installing CUDA driver...'
311.     $SUDO dpkg -i $TEMP_DIR/cuda-keyring.deb
312.     $SUDO apt-get update
314.     [ -n "$SUDO" ] && SUDO_E="$SUDO -E" || SUDO_E=
315.     DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive $SUDO_E apt-get -y install cuda-drivers -q
316. }
318. if [ ! -f "/etc/os-release" ]; then
319.     error "Unknown distribution. Skipping CUDA installation."
320. fi
322. . /etc/os-release
324. OS_NAME=$ID
325. OS_VERSION=$VERSION_ID
327. PACKAGE_MANAGER=
328. for PACKAGE_MANAGER in dnf yum apt-get; do
329.     if available $PACKAGE_MANAGER; then
330.         break
331.     fi
332. done
334. if [ -z "$PACKAGE_MANAGER" ]; then
335.     error "Unknown package manager. Skipping CUDA installation."
336. fi
338. if ! check_gpu nvidia-smi || [ -z "$(nvidia-smi | grep -o "CUDA Version: [0-9]*\.[0-9]*")" ]; then
339.     case $OS_NAME in
340.         centos|rhel) install_cuda_driver_yum 'rhel' $(echo $OS_VERSION | cut -d '.' -f 1) ;;
341.         rocky) install_cuda_driver_yum 'rhel' $(echo $OS_VERSION | cut -c1) ;;
342.         fedora) [ $OS_VERSION -lt '39' ] && install_cuda_driver_yum $OS_NAME $OS_VERSION || install_cuda_driver_yum $OS_NAME '39';;
343.         amzn) install_cuda_driver_yum 'fedora' '37' ;;
344.         debian) install_cuda_driver_apt $OS_NAME $OS_VERSION ;;
345.         ubuntu) install_cuda_driver_apt $OS_NAME $(echo $OS_VERSION | sed 's/\.//') ;;
346.         *) exit ;;
347.     esac
348. fi
350. if ! lsmod | grep -q nvidia || ! lsmod | grep -q nvidia_uvm; then
351.     KERNEL_RELEASE="$(uname -r)"
352.     case $OS_NAME in
353.         rocky) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel kernel-headers ;;
354.         centos|rhel|amzn) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel-$KERNEL_RELEASE kernel-headers-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
355.         fedora) $SUDO $PACKAGE_MANAGER -y install kernel-devel-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
356.         debian|ubuntu) $SUDO apt-get -y install linux-headers-$KERNEL_RELEASE ;;
357.         *) exit ;;
358.     esac
360.     NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION=$($SUDO dkms status | awk -F: '/added/ { print $1 }')
361.     if [ -n "$NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION" ]; then
362.         $SUDO dkms install $NVIDIA_CUDA_VERSION
363.     fi
365.     if lsmod | grep -q nouveau; then
366.         status 'Reboot to complete NVIDIA CUDA driver install.'
367.         exit 0
368.     fi
370.     $SUDO modprobe nvidia
371.     $SUDO modprobe nvidia_uvm
372. fi
374. # make sure the NVIDIA modules are loaded on boot with nvidia-persistenced
375. if available nvidia-persistenced; then
376.     $SUDO touch /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia.conf
377.     MODULES="nvidia nvidia-uvm"
378.     for MODULE in $MODULES; do
379.         if ! grep -qxF "$MODULE" /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia.conf; then
380.             echo "$MODULE" | $SUDO tee -a /etc/modules-load.d/nvidia.conf > /dev/null
381.         fi
382.     done
383. fi
385. status "NVIDIA GPU ready."
386. install_success

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三、下载ollama安装包
下载地址：https://github.com/ollama/ollama/releases/下载对应的包
详细需要什么型号的可通过 lscpu 下令 查看自己的cpu架构

1. x86_64 CPU 选择下载 ollama-linux-amd64.tgz aarch64
2. arm64 CPU 选择下载 ollama-linux-arm64.tgz

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四、运行install.sh脚本举行安装

1. 进入install.sh所在目录
2. chmod +x install.sh    #给脚本赋予执行权限
3. ./install.sh
4. # 如果报错误： bash: ./build_android.sh：/bin/sh^M：解释器错误: 没有那个文件或目录，执行
5. sed -i 's/\r$//' install.sh

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②离线安装大模子

因为我们的服务器是完全内网环境，以是即便安装ollama后也无法下载大模子，因此需要我们手动将模子放到ollama可以识别的地方。
默认情况下ollama模子的地点路径为：

1. macOS: ~/.ollama/models
2. Linux: **/usr/share/ollama/.ollama/models**
3. Windows: C:Users<username>.ollamamodels

复制代码

自己在服务器上创建一个路径，打开ollama配置文件/etc/systemd/system/ollama.service
在里面加入你新创建的路径

接下来，找一个可以上网的主机，执行ollama run ***,当大模子下载完成后，找到models目录，将整个目录拷贝到服务器你新创建的路径下。
重启ollama，之后再执行ollama list下令，假如看到有模子了，证明搞定。

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