Linux|服务器|简单纪录备忘VMware虚拟机开启桌面失败报错：VMware: No 3D e ...

一，
VMware虚拟机 Linux操作系统，centos7版本，安装完桌面后，执行startx 命令后 ，报错：VMware: No 3D enabled (0, Success).   桌面没有启动成功
完整日志输出如下：

1. [root@node4 ~]# startx
2. xauth:  file /root/.serverauth.2982 does not exist
5. X.Org X Server 1.19.3
6. Release Date: 2017-03-15
7. X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
8. Build Operating System:  3.10.0-514.16.1.el7.x86_64
9. Current Operating System: Linux node4 3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Aug 7 18:08:02 UTC 2019 x86_64
10. Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/centos-root ro rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
11. Build Date: 05 August 2017  06:19:43AM
12. Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.19.3-11.el7
13. Current version of pixman: 0.34.0
14.         Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
15.         to make sure that you have the latest version.
16. Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
17.         (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
18.         (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
19. (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Sat Jan  6 13:29:56 2024
20. (==) Using config directory: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d"
21. (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
22. VMware: No 3D enabled (0, Success).
23. touch: cannot touch ‘/root/.cache/imsettings/log’: No such file or directory
24. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
25. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
26. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
27. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
28. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
29. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
30. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
31. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
32. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
33. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
34. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
35. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
36. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
37. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
39. (imsettings-check:3091): IMSettings-WARNING **: 13:29:56.382: Failed to execute child process “dbus-launch” (No such file or directory)
41. (imsettings-check:3091): GLib-GIO-CRITICAL **: 13:29:56.382: g_dbus_proxy_call_sync_internal: assertion 'G_IS_DBUS_PROXY (proxy)' failed
42. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
43. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
44. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
45. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
46. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
47. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
48. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
49. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
50. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
51. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
52. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
53. /usr/libexec/imsettings-functions: line 37: /root/.cache/imsettings/log: No such file or directory
54. xinit: connection to X server lost
56. waiting for X server to shut down (II) Server terminated successfully (0). Closing log file.

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解决方案：

VMware虚拟机关闭后，把这个勾打上，然后在启动虚拟机，再次执行startx命令，成功进入桌面

二，
多个桌面是否可以同时存在？
答案是肯定的，多个桌面可以同时存在，比方GNOME和KDE是可以共存的，只是在使用桌面的时候需要指定使用哪个桌面而已。
三，
GNOME和KDE安装时的应注意事项
通常桌面不需要外部yum源，只使用操作系统ISO搭建的当地堆栈，如果有依靠报错，必须手动排撤除，不能强制安装。
四，
GNOME桌面的安装：

1. yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop"

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KDE桌面的安装：

1. yum groupinstall "GNOME Desktop"

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五，
桌面启动的方式
GNOME前台启动方式在centos7下是 startx 命令（如果是在xshell下面）
GNOME后台启动方式在centos7下是systemctl isolate graphical.target（如果是在xshell下面）
KDE前台启动方式：

1. [root@centos4 ~]# echo "exec startkde">>~/.xinitrc
2. [root@centos4 ~]# startx

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启动后前台持续打印日志：

1. xauth:  file /root/.serverauth.1713 does not exist
4. X.Org X Server 1.20.4
5. X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
6. Build Operating System:  3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64
7. Current Operating System: Linux centos4 3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Aug 7 18:08:02 UTC 2019 x86_64
8. Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/vmlinuz-3.10.0-1062.el7.x86_64 root=/dev/mapper/centos-root ro rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rhgb quiet LANG=en_US.UTF-8
9. Build Date: 09 August 2019  03:27:09AM
10. Build ID: xorg-x11-server 1.20.4-7.el7
11. Current version of pixman: 0.34.0
12.         Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
13.         to make sure that you have the latest version.
14. Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
15.         (++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
16.         (WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
17. (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Sat Jan  6 19:14:49 2024
18. (==) Using config directory: "/etc/X11/xorg.conf.d"
19. (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
20. VMware: No 3D enabled (0, Success).
21. startkde: Starting up...
22. Connecting to deprecated signal QDBusConnectionInterface::serviceOwnerChanged(QString,QString,QString)
23. 。。。。。。。略略略。。。。。。

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