Spring boot + Hibernate + MySQL实现用户管理示例

安装MySQL

Windows 11 Mysql 安装及常用命令_windows11 mysql-CSDN博客
整体目次

pom.xml

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
3.          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
4.     <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
5.     <parent>
6.         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
7.         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
8.         <version>3.4.0</version>
9.         <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
10.     </parent>
11.     <groupId>com.test</groupId>
12.     <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
13.         <artifactId>mservice-sql</artifactId>
14.           <name>mservice-sql</name>
15.           <description>mservice-sql</description>
16.     <url/>
17.     <licenses>
18.         <license/>
19.     </licenses>
20.     <developers>
21.         <developer/>
22.     </developers>
23.     <scm>
24.         <connection/>
25.         <developerConnection/>
26.         <tag/>
27.         <url/>
28.     </scm>
29.     <properties>
30.         <java.version>21</java.version>
31.         <spring-cloud.version>2024.0.0</spring-cloud.version>
32.     </properties>
33.     <dependencies>
34.         <dependency>
35.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
36.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
37.         </dependency>
38.         
39.    
41.         <dependency>
42.             <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
43.             <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
44.             <scope>test</scope>
45.         </dependency>
46.         
47.         <dependency>
48.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
49.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
50.             </dependency>
51.    
52.             <dependency>
53.                         <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
54.                         <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>               
55.                 </dependency>
58.            
59.     </dependencies>
60.     <dependencyManagement>
61.         <dependencies>
62.             <dependency>
63.                 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
64.                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
65.                 <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
66.                 <type>pom</type>
67.                 <scope>import</scope>
68.             </dependency>
69.         </dependencies>
70.     </dependencyManagement>
72.     <build>
73.         <plugins>
74.             <plugin>
75.                 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
76.                 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
77.             </plugin>
78.         </plugins>
79.     </build>
81. </project>

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application.properties

设置端标语和MySQL连接

1. server.port=8000
2. #数据库连接
3. spring.datasource.primary.jdbc-url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/数据库名
4. #数据库用户名
5. spring.datasource.primary.username=用户名
6. #数据库密码
7. spring.datasource.primary.password=密码
8. #自动更新数据库
9. spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update
10. #显示sql
11. spring.jpa.show-sql=true
12. #在视图渲染过程中不执行数据库查询
13. spring.jpa.open-in-view=false

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SqlApplication.java

1. package com.test;
3. import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
4. import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
7. @SpringBootApplication
8. public class SqlApplication {
10.     public static void main(String[] args) {
11.         SpringApplication.run(SqlApplication.class, args);
12.     }
14. }

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User.java
注意：import jakarta.persistence.*;

1. package com.test.entity;
4. import java.io.Serializable;
6. import jakarta.persistence.*;
8. @Entity
9. @Table(name = "users")
10. public class User implements Serializable {
12.     @Id
13.     @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
14.     private Long id;
16.     private String username;
18.     private String password;
20.     // Getters and Setters
21.     public Long getId() {
22.         return id;
23.     }
25.     public void setId(Long id) {
26.         this.id = id;
27.     }
29.     public String getUsername() {
30.         return username;
31.     }
33.     public void setUsername(String username) {
34.         this.username = username;
35.     }
37.     public String getPassword() {
38.         return password;
39.     }
41.     public void setPassword(String password) {
42.         this.password = password;
43.     }
44. }

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UserRepository

1. package com.test.dao;
5. import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
6. import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;
7. import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
9. import com.test.entity.User;
11. public interface UserRepository {
12.     User findById(Long id);
13.     User save(String username,String password);
14.    
15. }

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UserDao

注解@PersistenceContext(unitName = "primaryEntityManager")须与PrimaryDbConfig中同等。

1. package com.test.dao;
3. import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
4. import org.hibernate.Session;
5. import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
7. import com.test.entity.User;
9. import jakarta.persistence.EntityManager;
10. import jakarta.persistence.PersistenceContext;
12. @Repository
14. public class UserDao implements UserRepository{
15.        
16.         @PersistenceContext(unitName = "primaryEntityManager")
17.     private EntityManager entityManager;
18.        
20.         @Override
21.         public User findById( Long id) {
22.         try {     
23.             User user = entityManager.find(User.class, id);
24.                         return user;
25.                 }catch(HibernateException e) {
26.                         e.printStackTrace();
27.                 }
29.                 return null;
30.         }
33.         @Override
34.         public User save(String username,String password) {
35.                 User user = new User();
36.         user.setUsername(username);
37.         user.setPassword(password);
38.         try {   
39.             entityManager.persist(user);
40.                         return user;
41.                 }catch(HibernateException e) {
42.                         e.printStackTrace();
43.                 }
45.                 return user;
46.         }
48. }

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PrimaryDbConfig

其中："com.test.dao"是Dao路径；"com.test.entity"是实体路径。

1. package com.test.conf;
3. import org.slf4j.Logger;
4. import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
5. import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
6. import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
7. import org.springframework.boot.orm.jpa.EntityManagerFactoryBuilder;
8. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
9. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
10. import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;
11. import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;
12. import org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager;
13. import org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean;
14. import org.springframework.transaction.PlatformTransactionManager;
16. import javax.sql.DataSource;
18. /*
19. *
20. * 数据库配置
21. *
22. * basePackages：JPA扫描配置
23. * entityManagerFactoryRef：实体扫描配置
24. * transactionManagerRef：事务配置
25. *
26. * */
27. @Configuration
28. @EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = "com.test.dao", entityManagerFactoryRef = "primaryEntityManager", transactionManagerRef = "primaryTransactionManager")
29. public class PrimaryDbConfig {
31.     private final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
33.     private DataSource dataSource;
35.     private LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManager;
37.     /*
38.      * 创建数据库连接
39.      * @Primary 配置多个数据源时，用于标记主库
40.      * @ConfigurationProperties 指定配置文件中的属性前缀
41.      *
42.      * */
43.     @Primary
44.     @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.primary")
45.     @Bean(name = "primaryDataSource")
46.     public DataSource primaryDataSource() {
47.         dataSource = DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
48.         log.info("正在连接数据库1...");
49.         return dataSource;
50.     }
52.     /*
53.      * 实体扫描配置
54.      *
55.      * 方法名与类注解中的entityManagerFactoryRef的值保持一致，配置多个数据源时方法名不能相同
56.      *
57.      * */
58.     @Bean
59.     @Primary
60.     LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean primaryEntityManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
61.         log.info("正在扫描接数据库1的实体类...");
62.         entityManager = builder.dataSource(dataSource).packages("com.test.entity")
63.                 .persistenceUnit("primaryPersistenceUnit").build();
64.         return entityManager;
65.     }
67.     /*
68.      * 事务配置
69.      *
70.      * 方法名与类注解中的transactionManagerRef的值保持一致，配置多个数据源时方法名不能相同
71.      *
72.      * */
73.     @Bean
74.     @Primary
75.     PlatformTransactionManager primaryTransactionManager(EntityManagerFactoryBuilder builder) {
76.         log.info("正在配置接数据库1的事务管理器...");
77.         return new JpaTransactionManager(entityManager.getObject());
78.     }
79. }

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UserController：

注意：save接口的注解@Transactional(value = "primaryTransactionManager")

1. package com.test.controller;
4. import com.test.entity.User;
5. import com.test.dao.*;
8. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
9. import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
10. import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
11. import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
15. @Controller
16. @RequestMapping("/api/users")
17. public class UserController {
19.     @Autowired
20.     private UserRepository userService;
22.     @RequestMapping("/id")
23.     @ResponseBody
24.     public User getUserById( Long id) {   
25.         return userService.findById(id);
26.     }
27.    
28.     @RequestMapping("/save")
29.     @ResponseBody
30.     @Transactional(value = "primaryTransactionManager")
31.     public User save(String name,String password) {
32.             return userService.save(name, password);
33.     }
36. }

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启动步伐：

此时数据库中自动创建了数据表users。
浏览器测试：
添加用户：
http://localhost:8000/api/users/save?name=test&password=12345

查询用户：
http://localhost:8000/api/users/id?id=1

Navicat检察MySQL：

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