Chocolatey离线（offline）安装流程

首先要确定你能下载什么版本的chocolatey，详细版本对照参考该网址：
Chocolatey Software Docs | Chocolatey Components Dependencies and Support Lifecycle
从这个网站可以找到安装和卸载的详细说明。
Chocolatey Software Docs | Setup / Install
详细步调如下：
步调 1：下载 Chocolatey 安装包

Chocolatey Software | Chocolatey 2.3.0

​
点击左下角的download下载你想要的副本，记着你的安装路径。
步调2：转移文件位置

为了制止C盘爆满，将下载的 .nupkg 文件复制到离线机器上的某个目录。例如，将文件复制到 C:\offline-choco 目录。博主转移到了D:\user-unity3D\user-chocolatey。
步调3：创建和运行安装脚本

①将你提供的脚本生存为一个.ps1文件，例如 install_choco_offline.ps1。

1. # Download and install Chocolatey nupkg from an OData (HTTP/HTTPS) url such as Artifactory, Nexus, ProGet (all of these are recommended for organizational use), or Chocolatey.Server (great for smaller organizations and POCs)
2. # This is where you see the top level API - with xml to Packages - should look nearly the same as https://community.chocolatey.org/api/v2/
3. # If you are using Nexus, always add the trailing slash or it won't work
4. # === EDIT HERE ===
5. $packageRepo = '<INSERT ODATA REPO URL>'
7. # If the above $packageRepo repository requires authentication, add the username and password here. Otherwise these leave these as empty strings.
8. $repoUsername = ''    # this must be empty is NOT using authentication
9. $repoPassword = ''    # this must be empty if NOT using authentication
11. # Determine unzipping method
12. # 7zip is the most compatible, but you need an internally hosted 7za.exe.
13. # Make sure the version matches for the arguments as well.
14. # Built-in does not work with Server Core, but if you have PowerShell 5
15. # it uses Expand-Archive instead of COM
16. $unzipMethod = 'builtin'
17. #$unzipMethod = '7zip'
18. #$7zipUrl = 'https://chocolatey.org/7za.exe' (download this file, host internally, and update this to internal)
20. # === ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES YOU CAN SET ===
21. # Prior to running this script, in a PowerShell session, you can set the
22. # following environment variables and it will affect the output
24. # - $env:ChocolateyEnvironmentDebug = 'true' # see output
25. # - $env:chocolateyIgnoreProxy = 'true' # ignore proxy
26. # - $env:chocolateyProxyLocation = '' # explicit proxy
27. # - $env:chocolateyProxyUser = '' # explicit proxy user name (optional)
28. # - $env:chocolateyProxyPassword = '' # explicit proxy password (optional)
30. # === NO NEED TO EDIT ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE ===
31. # Ensure we can run everything
32. Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force
33. ;
35. # If the repository requires authentication, create the Credential object
36. if ((-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($repoUsername)) -and (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($repoPassword))) {
37.     $securePassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $repoPassword -AsPlainText -Force
38.     $repoCreds = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ($repoUsername, $securePassword)
39. }
41. $searchUrl = ($packageRepo.Trim('/'), 'Packages()?$filter=(Id%20eq%20%27chocolatey%27)%20and%20IsLatestVersion') -join '/'
43. # Reroute TEMP to a local location
44. New-Item $env:ALLUSERSPROFILE\choco-cache -ItemType Directory -Force
45. $env:TEMP = "$env:ALLUSERSPROFILE\choco-cache"
47. $localChocolateyPackageFilePath = Join-Path $env:TEMP 'chocolatey.nupkg'
48. $ChocoInstallPath = "$($env:SystemDrive)\ProgramData\Chocolatey\bin"
49. $env:ChocolateyInstall = "$($env:SystemDrive)\ProgramData\Chocolatey"
50. $env:Path += ";$ChocoInstallPath"
51. $DebugPreference = 'Continue';
53. # PowerShell v2/3 caches the output stream. Then it throws errors due
54. # to the FileStream not being what is expected. Fixes "The OS handle's
55. # position is not what FileStream expected. Do not use a handle
56. # simultaneously in one FileStream and in Win32 code or another
57. # FileStream."
58. function Fix-PowerShellOutputRedirectionBug {
59.   $poshMajorVerion = $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major
61.   if ($poshMajorVerion -lt 4) {
62.     try{
63.       # http://www.leeholmes.com/blog/2008/07/30/workaround-the-os-handles-position-is-not-what-filestream-expected/ plus comments
64.       $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetField"
65.       $objectRef = $host.GetType().GetField("externalHostRef", $bindingFlags).GetValue($host)
66.       $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetProperty"
67.       $consoleHost = $objectRef.GetType().GetProperty("Value", $bindingFlags).GetValue($objectRef, @())
68.       [void] $consoleHost.GetType().GetProperty("IsStandardOutputRedirected", $bindingFlags).GetValue($consoleHost, @())
69.       $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetField"
70.       $field = $consoleHost.GetType().GetField("standardOutputWriter", $bindingFlags)
71.       $field.SetValue($consoleHost, [Console]::Out)
72.       [void] $consoleHost.GetType().GetProperty("IsStandardErrorRedirected", $bindingFlags).GetValue($consoleHost, @())
73.       $field2 = $consoleHost.GetType().GetField("standardErrorWriter", $bindingFlags)
74.       $field2.SetValue($consoleHost, [Console]::Error)
75.     } catch {
76.       Write-Output 'Unable to apply redirection fix.'
77.     }
78.   }
79. }
81. Fix-PowerShellOutputRedirectionBug
83. # Attempt to set highest encryption available for SecurityProtocol.
84. # PowerShell will not set this by default (until maybe .NET 4.6.x). This
85. # will typically produce a message for PowerShell v2 (just an info
86. # message though)
87. try {
88.   # Set TLS 1.2 (3072), then TLS 1.1 (768), then TLS 1.0 (192), finally SSL 3.0 (48)
89.   # Use integers because the enumeration values for TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.1 won't
90.   # exist in .NET 4.0, even though they are addressable if .NET 4.5+ is
91.   # installed (.NET 4.5 is an in-place upgrade).
92.   [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = 3072 -bor 768 -bor 192 -bor 48
93. } catch {
94.   Write-Output 'Unable to set PowerShell to use TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.1 due to old .NET Framework installed. If you see underlying connection closed or trust errors, you may need to upgrade to .NET Framework 4.5+ and PowerShell v3+.'
95. }
97. function Get-Downloader {
98. param (
99.   [string]$url
100. )
101.   $downloader = new-object System.Net.WebClient
103.   $defaultCreds = [System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultCredentials
104.   if (Test-Path -Path variable:repoCreds) {
105.     Write-Debug "Using provided repository authentication credentials."
106.     $downloader.Credentials = $repoCreds
107.   } elseif ($defaultCreds -ne $null) {
108.     Write-Debug "Using default repository authentication credentials."
109.     $downloader.Credentials = $defaultCreds
110.   }
112.   $ignoreProxy = $env:chocolateyIgnoreProxy
113.   if ($ignoreProxy -ne $null -and $ignoreProxy -eq 'true') {
114.     Write-Debug 'Explicitly bypassing proxy due to user environment variable.'
115.     $downloader.Proxy = [System.Net.GlobalProxySelection]::GetEmptyWebProxy()
116.   } else {
117.     # check if a proxy is required
118.     $explicitProxy = $env:chocolateyProxyLocation
119.     $explicitProxyUser = $env:chocolateyProxyUser
120.     $explicitProxyPassword = $env:chocolateyProxyPassword
121.     if ($explicitProxy -ne $null -and $explicitProxy -ne '') {
122.       # explicit proxy
123.       $proxy = New-Object System.Net.WebProxy($explicitProxy, $true)
124.       if ($explicitProxyPassword -ne $null -and $explicitProxyPassword -ne '') {
125.         $passwd = ConvertTo-SecureString $explicitProxyPassword -AsPlainText -Force
126.         $proxy.Credentials = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ($explicitProxyUser, $passwd)
127.       }
129.       Write-Debug "Using explicit proxy server '$explicitProxy'."
130.       $downloader.Proxy = $proxy
132.     } elseif (!$downloader.Proxy.IsBypassed($url)) {
133.       # system proxy (pass through)
134.       $creds = $defaultCreds
135.       if ($creds -eq $null) {
136.         Write-Debug 'Default credentials were null. Attempting backup method'
137.         $cred = get-credential
138.         $creds = $cred.GetNetworkCredential();
139.       }
141.       $proxyaddress = $downloader.Proxy.GetProxy($url).Authority
142.       Write-Debug "Using system proxy server '$proxyaddress'."
143.       $proxy = New-Object System.Net.WebProxy($proxyaddress)
144.       $proxy.Credentials = $creds
145.       $downloader.Proxy = $proxy
146.     }
147.   }
149.   return $downloader
150. }
152. function Download-File {
153. param (
154.   [string]$url,
155.   [string]$file
156. )
157.   $downloader = Get-Downloader $url
158.   $downloader.DownloadFile($url, $file)
159. }
161. function Download-Package {
162. param (
163.   [string]$packageODataSearchUrl,
164.   [string]$file
165. )
166.   $downloader = Get-Downloader $packageODataSearchUrl
168.   Write-Output "Querying latest package from $packageODataSearchUrl"
169.   [xml]$pkg = $downloader.DownloadString($packageODataSearchUrl)
170.   $packageDownloadUrl = $pkg.feed.entry.content.src
172.   Write-Output "Downloading $packageDownloadUrl to $file"
173.   $downloader.DownloadFile($packageDownloadUrl, $file)
174. }
176. function Install-ChocolateyFromPackage {
177. param (
178.   [string]$chocolateyPackageFilePath = ''
179. )
181.   if ($chocolateyPackageFilePath -eq $null -or $chocolateyPackageFilePath -eq '') {
182.     throw "You must specify a local package to run the local install."
183.   }
185.   if (!(Test-Path($chocolateyPackageFilePath))) {
186.     throw "No file exists at $chocolateyPackageFilePath"
187.   }
189.   $chocTempDir = Join-Path $env:TEMP "chocolatey"
190.   $tempDir = Join-Path $chocTempDir "chocInstall"
191.   if (![System.IO.Directory]::Exists($tempDir)) {[System.IO.Directory]::CreateDirectory($tempDir)}
192.   $file = Join-Path $tempDir "chocolatey.zip"
193.   Copy-Item $chocolateyPackageFilePath $file -Force
195.   # unzip the package
196.   Write-Output "Extracting $file to $tempDir..."
197.   if ($unzipMethod -eq '7zip') {
198.     $7zaExe = Join-Path $tempDir '7za.exe'
199.     if (-Not (Test-Path ($7zaExe))) {
200.       Write-Output 'Downloading 7-Zip commandline tool prior to extraction.'
201.       # download 7zip
202.       Download-File $7zipUrl "$7zaExe"
203.     }
205.     $params = "x -o`"$tempDir`" -bd -y `"$file`""
206.     # use more robust Process as compared to Start-Process -Wait (which doesn't
207.     # wait for the process to finish in PowerShell v3)
208.     $process = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process
209.     $process.StartInfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo($7zaExe, $params)
210.     $process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
211.     $process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = $false
212.     $process.StartInfo.WindowStyle = [System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle]::Hidden
213.     $process.Start() | Out-Null
214.     $process.BeginOutputReadLine()
215.     $process.WaitForExit()
216.     $exitCode = $process.ExitCode
217.     $process.Dispose()
219.     $errorMessage = "Unable to unzip package using 7zip. Perhaps try setting `$env:chocolateyUseWindowsCompression = 'true' and call install again. Error:"
220.     switch ($exitCode) {
221.       0 { break }
222.       1 { throw "$errorMessage Some files could not be extracted" }
223.       2 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip encountered a fatal error while extracting the files" }
224.       7 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip command line error" }
225.       8 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip out of memory" }
226.       255 { throw "$errorMessage Extraction cancelled by the user" }
227.       default { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip signalled an unknown error (code $exitCode)" }
228.     }
229.   } else {
230.     if ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -lt 5) {
231.       try {
232.         $shellApplication = new-object -com shell.application
233.         $zipPackage = $shellApplication.NameSpace($file)
234.         $destinationFolder = $shellApplication.NameSpace($tempDir)
235.         $destinationFolder.CopyHere($zipPackage.Items(),0x10)
236.       } catch {
237.         throw "Unable to unzip package using built-in compression. Set `$env:chocolateyUseWindowsCompression = 'false' and call install again to use 7zip to unzip. Error: `n $_"
238.       }
239.     } else {
240.       Expand-Archive -Path "$file" -DestinationPath "$tempDir" -Force
241.     }
242.   }
244.   # Call Chocolatey install
245.   Write-Output 'Installing chocolatey on this machine'
246.   $toolsFolder = Join-Path $tempDir "tools"
247.   $chocInstallPS1 = Join-Path $toolsFolder "chocolateyInstall.ps1"
249.   & $chocInstallPS1
251.   Write-Output 'Ensuring chocolatey commands are on the path'
252.   $chocInstallVariableName = 'ChocolateyInstall'
253.   $chocoPath = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($chocInstallVariableName)
254.   if ($chocoPath -eq $null -or $chocoPath -eq '') {
255.     $chocoPath = 'C:\ProgramData\Chocolatey'
256.   }
258.   $chocoExePath = Join-Path $chocoPath 'bin'
260.   if ($($env:Path).ToLower().Contains($($chocoExePath).ToLower()) -eq $false) {
261.     $env:Path = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path',[System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine);
262.   }
264.   Write-Output 'Ensuring chocolatey.nupkg is in the lib folder'
265.   $chocoPkgDir = Join-Path $chocoPath 'lib\chocolatey'
266.   $nupkg = Join-Path $chocoPkgDir 'chocolatey.nupkg'
267.   if (!(Test-Path $nupkg)) {
268.     Write-Output 'Copying chocolatey.nupkg is in the lib folder'
269.     if (![System.IO.Directory]::Exists($chocoPkgDir)) { [System.IO.Directory]::CreateDirectory($chocoPkgDir); }
270.     Copy-Item "$file" "$nupkg" -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
271.   }
272. }
274. # Idempotence - do not install Chocolatey if it is already installed
275. if (!(Test-Path $ChocoInstallPath)) {
276.   # download the package to the local path
277.   if (!(Test-Path $localChocolateyPackageFilePath)) {
278.     Download-Package $searchUrl $localChocolateyPackageFilePath
279.   }
281.   # Install Chocolatey
282.   Install-ChocolateyFromPackage $localChocolateyPackageFilePath
283. }

复制代码

• 修改$localChocolateyPackageFilePath = ‘你的安装路径’，这个在46行。例如我修改成：$localChocolateyPackageFilePath = ‘D:\user-unity3D\user-chocolatey\chocolatey.2.3.0.nupkg’
  
• 注释掉：Download-Package $searchUrl $localChocolateyPackageFilePath。这个在277行。
  

②打开离线机器上的powershell（以管理员身份运行）
按Windows键快捷输入powershell，右键管理员运行。实行：iex "你的ps1文件生存路径\install_choco_offline.ps1"

1. iex "D:\user-unity3D\user-chocolatey\install_choco_offline.ps1"

复制代码

大概5-10s后出现如下图所示内容，则安装完毕：

这样就安装完毕啦！
可以通过如下命令检查是否安装成功：

1. choco -v

复制代码

输出版本号：

也可以通过如下命令输出安装路径：

1. [System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('ChocolateyInstall', [System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine)

复制代码

输出路径则成功：

可能出现的问题：

尽管你已经以管理员身份运行PowerShell，实行策略仍然可能阻止脚本的运行。
暂时设置实行策略：

• 在管理员模式下的PowerShell窗口中，输入以下命令来暂时绕过实行策略，然后再实行上面的iex命令：
  
• 1. Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force

  复制代码

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