在vscode的ESP-IDF中利用自界说组件

以hello-world为例，演示步骤和注意事项
1、新建ESP-IDF项目

选择模板

从hello-world模板创建
2、打开项目

3、编译结果没错

1. 正在执行任务: /home/azhu/.espressif/python_env/idf5.1_py3.10_env/bin/python /home/azhu/esp/v5.1/esp-idf/tools/idf_size.py /home/azhu/ESP32/test/use_componet/build/use_componet.map
3. Total sizes:
4. Used static DRAM:   10664 bytes ( 170072 remain, 5.9% used)
5.       .data size:    8472 bytes
6.       .bss  size:    2192 bytes
7. Used static IRAM:   48958 bytes (  82114 remain, 37.4% used)
8.       .text size:   47931 bytes
9.    .vectors size:    1027 bytes
10. Used Flash size :  118107 bytes
11.            .text:   80723 bytes
12.          .rodata:   37128 bytes
13. Total image size:  175537 bytes (.bin may be pa

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4、烧写运行

1. '/home/azhu/.espressif/python_env/idf5.1_py3.10_env/bin/python' '/home/azhu/esp/v5.1/esp-idf/tools/idf_monitor.py' -p /dev/ttyUSB0 -b 115200 --toolchain-prefix xtensa-esp32-elf- --target esp32 '/home/azhu/ESP32/test/use_componet/build/use_componet.elf'
2. --- esp-idf-monitor 1.5.0 on /dev/ttyUSB0 115200
3. --- Quit: Ctrl+] | Menu: Ctrl+T | Help: Ctrl+T followed by Ctrl+H
4. ets Jul 29 2019 12:21:46
6. rst:0x1 (POWERON_RESET),boot:0x13 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT)
7. configsip: 0, SPIWP:0xee
8. clk_drv:0x00,q_drv:0x00,d_drv:0x00,cs0_drv:0x00,hd_drv:0x00,wp_drv:0x00
9. mode:DIO, clock div:2
10. load:0x3fff0030,len:7128
11. load:0x40078000,len:15624
12. load:0x40080400,len:4
13. --- 0x40080400: _init at ??:?
15. load:0x40080404,len:3876
16. entry 0x4008064c
17. I (29) boot: ESP-IDF v5.1.5-346-g41a885bb2d 2nd stage bootloader
18. I (29) boot: compile time Dec 24 2024 14:24:47
19. I (31) boot: Multicore bootloader
20. I (35) boot: chip revision: v3.0
21. I (39) boot.esp32: SPI Speed      : 40MHz
22. I (43) boot.esp32: SPI Mode       : DIO
23. I (48) boot.esp32: SPI Flash Size : 2MB
24. I (52) boot: Enabling RNG early entropy source...
25. I (58) boot: Partition Table:
26. I (61) boot: ## Label            Usage          Type ST Offset   Length
27. I (69) boot:  0 nvs              WiFi data        01 02 00009000 00006000
28. I (76) boot:  1 phy_init         RF data          01 01 0000f000 00001000
29. I (84) boot:  2 factory          factory app      00 00 00010000 00100000
30. I (91) boot: End of partition table
31. I (95) esp_image: segment 0: paddr=00010020 vaddr=3f400020 size=09208h ( 37384) map
32. I (117) esp_image: segment 1: paddr=00019230 vaddr=3ffb0000 size=02118h (  8472) load
33. I (121) esp_image: segment 2: paddr=0001b350 vaddr=40080000 size=04cc8h ( 19656) load
34. I (131) esp_image: segment 3: paddr=00020020 vaddr=400d0020 size=13b54h ( 80724) map
35. I (161) esp_image: segment 4: paddr=00033b7c vaddr=40084cc8 size=07278h ( 29304) load
36. I (179) boot: Loaded app from partition at offset 0x10000
37. I (179) boot: Disabling RNG early entropy source...
38. I (191) cpu_start: Multicore app
39. I (192) cpu_start: Pro cpu up.
40. I (192) cpu_start: Starting app cpu, entry point is 0x400810f4
41. --- 0x400810f4: call_start_cpu1 at /home/azhu/esp/v5.1/esp-idf/components/esp_system/port/cpu_start.c:160
43. I (0) cpu_start: App cpu up.
44. I (209) cpu_start: Pro cpu start user code
45. I (209) cpu_start: cpu freq: 160000000 Hz
46. I (209) cpu_start: Application information:
47. I (214) cpu_start: Project name:     use_componet
48. I (219) cpu_start: App version:      1
49. I (224) cpu_start: Compile time:     Dec 24 2024 14:24:22
50. I (230) cpu_start: ELF file SHA256:  7a0e0699229a74e2...
51. I (236) cpu_start: ESP-IDF:          v5.1.5-346-g41a885bb2d
52. I (242) cpu_start: Min chip rev:     v0.0
53. I (247) cpu_start: Max chip rev:     v3.99
54. I (252) cpu_start: Chip rev:         v3.0
55. I (257) heap_init: Initializing. RAM available for dynamic allocation:
56. I (264) heap_init: At 3FFAE6E0 len 00001920 (6 KiB): DRAM
57. I (270) heap_init: At 3FFB29A8 len 0002D658 (181 KiB): DRAM
58. I (276) heap_init: At 3FFE0440 len 00003AE0 (14 KiB): D/IRAM
59. I (282) heap_init: At 3FFE4350 len 0001BCB0 (111 KiB): D/IRAM
60. I (289) heap_init: At 4008BF40 len 000140C0 (80 KiB): IRAM
61. I (296) spi_flash: detected chip: gd
62. I (299) spi_flash: flash io: dio
63. W (303) spi_flash: Detected size(4096k) larger than the size in the binary image header(2048k). Using the size in the binary image header.
64. I (317) app_start: Starting scheduler on CPU0
65. I (321) app_start: Starting scheduler on CPU1
66. I (321) main_task: Started on CPU0
67. I (331) main_task: Calling app_main()
68. Hello world!
69. This is esp32 chip with 2 CPU core(s), WiFi/BTBLE, silicon revision v3.0, 2MB external flash
70. Minimum free heap size: 301172 bytes
71. Restarting in 10 seconds...

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5、添加组件，功能为再输出一行笔墨
COMMAND->Create ESP-IDF Compontent
最上方输入本身的组件名称然后回车，这里输入 mycomp
ESP-IDF自动创建compontents文件夹，然后在下面有mycomp文件夹，内里有mycomp.c，include/mycomp.h

编写代码，mycomp.c

1. #include <stdio.h>
2. #include "mycomp.h"
4. void func(void)
5. {
6.     printf("call by mycomp\n");
7. }

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main/hello_world_main.c，只加两行

1. ......
2. #include "esp_flash.h"
3. #include "mycomp.h"        //add
5. void app_main(void)
6. {
7.     ......
8.     printf("Restarting now.\n");
9.     func();                //add
10.     fflush(stdout);

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6、再次编译，不出意外的话，一定报错：

1. ............../use_componet/main/hello_world_main.c
2. /home/azhu/ESP32/test/use_componet/main/hello_world_main.c:14:10: fatal error: mycomp.h: No such file or directory
3.    14 | #include "mycomp.h"
4.       |          ^~~~~~~~~~
5. compilation terminated.
6. ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.

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7、关键要点！
原因是main没有包含本身写的组件，或者说依赖，把main/CMakeLists.txt修改为

1. idf_component_register(SRCS "hello_world_main.c"
2.                     INCLUDE_DIRS "")
3. 改成如下：
5. idf_component_register(SRCS "main.c"
6.                     INCLUDE_DIRS ""
7.                     PRIV_REQUIRES mycomp
8.                     )

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再编译，错误变了

1. /use_componet/main/hello_world_main.c:13:10: fatal error: esp_flash.h: No such file or directory
2.    13 | #include "esp_flash.h"
3.       |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~
4. compilation terminated.
5. [902/910] Building C object esp-id...provisioning.dir/src/manager.c.obj
6. ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.

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继续修改main/CMakeLists.txt，右键点#include "esp_flash.h"，然后转到界说，可以看到esp_flash.h位于esp_flash模块，以是加上spi_flash组件

1. idf_component_register(SRCS "hello_world_main.c"
2.                     INCLUDE_DIRS ""
3.                     PRIV_REQUIRES spi_flash mycomp
4.                     )

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所有的include都有组件支持了，编译无错，运行后可以看到输出了 call by mycomp

1. I (331) main_task: Calling app_main()
2. Hello world!
3. This is esp32 chip with 2 CPU core(s), WiFi/BTBLE, silicon revision v3.0, 2MB external flash
4. Minimum free heap size: 301172 bytes
5. Restarting in 10 seconds...
6. ......
7. Restarting in 0 seconds...
8. Restarting now.
9. call by mycomp
10. ets Jul 29 2019 12:21:46
12. rst:0xc (SW_CPU_RESET),boot:0x13 (SPI_FAST_FLASH_BOOT)
13. .....

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8、如果本身的组件中不止一个源文件怎么办，方法是编辑组件根下的CMakeLists.txt，这里示例为components/mycomp/CMakeLists.txt，有两个方法可以组织源文件和头文件

1. file(GLOB_RECURSE SOURCES *.c */*.c)
3. set(include_dirs
4.     ""
5.     "include"
6. )
7. idf_component_register(SRCS ${SOURCES}
8.                     INCLUDE_DIRS ${include_dirs})
10. # idf_component_register(SRCS "mycomp.c" "mycomp2.c"
11. #                     INCLUDE_DIRS "include")

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这里简单示例，mycomp2.c和mycomp.c功能差不多，最后在主程序func();背面加了行func2();
运行结果：

1. I (331) main_task: Calling app_main()
2. Hello world!
3. This is esp32 chip with 2 CPU core(s), WiFi/BTBLE, silicon revision v3.0, 2MB external flash
4. Minimum free heap size: 301172 bytes
5. Restarting in 10 seconds...
6. ....
7. Restarting in 0 seconds...
8. Restarting now.
9. call by mycomp
10. call by mycomp---2
11. ets Jul 29 2019 12:21:46

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9、小结
如果main模块编译出错，需要编辑同级CMakeLists.txt，如果组件编译出错，也要编辑同级CMakeLists.txt
如果需要，执行COMMAND->Full Clean

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