用C++实现停车场管理系统

该系统具有以下功能：
  - 停车：输入车牌号和进入时间，自动分配停车位编号，如果停车场已满则提示停车场已满。
  - 离开停车场结算停车费用：输入停车位编号和离开时间，自动盘算停车费用，如果已结算则提示已结算。
  - 显示停车记录：按照停车位编号顺序显示停车记录，包括车牌号、进入时间、离开时间和停车费用。
  - 退出系统：结束程序。
  该程序通过利用 vector 存储停车记录，动态分配停车位编号，并通过 switch-case 语句实现菜单选择功能。

1. #include <iostream>
2. #include <vector>
3. #include <string>
4. using namespace std;
6. const int MAX_CAPACITY = 100;
8. // 停车记录结构体
9. struct ParkingRecord {
10.     int id;                 // 停车位编号
11.     string licensePlate;    // 车牌号
12.     int timeIn;             // 进入时间
13.     int timeOut;            // 离开时间
14.     float cost;             // 停车费用
15. };
17. // 停车场类
18. class ParkingLot {
19. public:
20.     ParkingLot();
22.     // 显示菜单
23.     void showMenu();
25.     // 停车
26.     void parkCar();
28.     // 离开停车场结算停车费用
29.     void checkOutCar();
31.     // 显示停车记录
32.     void showParkingRecords();
34. private:
35.     vector<ParkingRecord> parkingLot;   // 停车场
36.     int currentCapacity;                // 当前停车场容量
37. };
39. // 构造函数
40. ParkingLot::ParkingLot() {
41.     currentCapacity = 0;
42. }
44. // 显示菜单
45. void ParkingLot::showMenu() {
46.     cout << "Welcome to the Parking Lot Management System!" << endl;
47.     cout << "1. Park a car" << endl;
48.     cout << "2. Check out a car" << endl;
49.     cout << "3. Show parking records" << endl;
50.     cout << "4. Exit" << endl;
51.     cout << "Please enter your choice: ";
52. }
54. // 停车
55. void ParkingLot::parkCar() {
56.     if (currentCapacity >= MAX_CAPACITY) {
57.         cout << "Sorry, the parking lot is full." << endl;
58.         return;
59.     }
61.     ParkingRecord newRecord;
62.     cout << "Please enter the license plate number (up to 9 characters): ";
63.     cin >> newRecord.licensePlate;
64.     cout << "Please enter the time in (in minutes since 00:00): ";
65.     cin >> newRecord.timeIn;
67.     newRecord.id = currentCapacity + 1;
68.     parkingLot.push_back(newRecord);
69.     currentCapacity++;
71.     cout << "The car is parked at spot " << newRecord.id << "." << endl;
72. }
74. // 离开停车场结算停车费用
75. void ParkingLot::checkOutCar() {
76.     int id;
77.     cout << "Please enter the parking spot number: ";
78.     cin >> id;
80.     if (id < 1 || id > currentCapacity) {
81.         cout << "Invalid parking spot number." << endl;
82.         return;
83.     }
85.     ParkingRecord *record = &parkingLot[id-1];
86.     if (record->timeOut > 0) {
87.         cout << "The car has already been checked out." << endl;
88.         return;
89.     }
91.     cout << "Please enter the time out (in minutes since 00:00): ";
92.     cin >> record->timeOut;
94.     float hours = (record->timeOut - record->timeIn) / 60.0;
95.     record->cost = hours * 1.5;
97.     cout << "The cost for parking is $" << record->cost << "." << endl;
98. }
100. // 显示停车记录
101. void ParkingLot::showParkingRecords() {
102.     if (currentCapacity == 0) {
103.         cout << "There is no car parked in the parking lot." << endl;
104.         return;
105.     }
107.     cout << "Parking records:" << endl;
108.     cout << "ID\tLicense Plate\tTime In\tTime Out\tCost" << endl;
109.     for (int i = 0; i < currentCapacity; i++) {
110.     ParkingRecord record = parkingLot[i];
111.     cout << record.id << "\t" << record.licensePlate << "\t\t"
112.          << record.timeIn << "\t" << record.timeOut << "\t"
113.          << record.cost << endl;
114.     }
116. // 主函数
117. int main() {
118. ParkingLot parkingLot;
119. int choice;
120. do {
121.     parkingLot.showMenu();
122.     cin >> choice;
124.     switch (choice) {
125.         case 1:
126.             parkingLot.parkCar();
127.             break;
128.         case 2:
129.             parkingLot.checkOutCar();
130.             break;
131.         case 3:
132.             parkingLot.showParkingRecords();
133.             break;
134.         case 4:
135.             cout << "Thank you for using the Parking Lot Management System." << endl;
136.             break;
137.         default:
138.             cout << "Invalid choice." << endl;
139.             break;
140.     }
142.     cout << endl;
143. } while (choice != 4);
145. return 0;

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