Linux学习-Ansible（一）

情况- Rocky-Linux8.6

安装部署Ansible

1. # 安装ansible
2. [root@harbor ansible]# dnf install -y ansible-core
3. #查看安装信息
4. [root@harbor ansible]# ansible-doc --version
5. ansible-doc [core 2.12.2]
6.   config file = /root/ansible/ansible.cfg
7.   configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
8.   ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3.8/site-packages/ansible
9.   ansible collection location = /root/.ansible/collections:/usr/share/ansible/collections
10.   executable location = /usr/bin/ansible-doc
11.   python version = 3.8.12 (default, May 10 2022, 23:46:40) [GCC 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-10)]
12.   jinja version = 2.10.3
13.   libyaml = True
15. : << EOF
16. Ansible认证方式有密码认证和公私钥认证两种方式
17. EOF
18. # 为“ssh”生成、管理和转换认证密钥,它支持RSA和DSA两种认证密钥,默认RSA
19. [root@harbor ansible]# ssh-keygen
20. Generating public/private rsa key pair.
21. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
22. /root/.ssh/id_rsa already exists.
23. Overwrite (y/n)?
24. #ssh-copy-id可以把本地主机的公钥复制到远程主机的authorized_keys文件上
25. [root@harbor ansible]# ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa 192.168.29.161
26. /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: "/root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub"
27. The authenticity of host '192.168.29.161 (192.168.29.161)' can't be established.
28. ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:77a8CWnJMqyZH4QnCrcwH81FefxPv38r7+pw5yO0OJI.
29. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
30. /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
31. /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
32. root@192.168.29.161's password:
34. Number of key(s) added: 1
36. Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh '192.168.29.161'"
37. and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
39. [root@harbor ansible]# pwd
40. /root/ansible
41. #配置Ansible配置文件和主机列表
42. [root@harbor ansible]# ls
43. ansible.cfg  hostlist
44. [root@harbor ansible]# cat ansible.cfg hostlist
45. [defaults]
46. inventory         = hostlist        #主机清单列表文件
47. host_key_checking = False           #Ansible连接客户端时的SSH主机密钥检查，避免第一次连接到新主机时出现连接确认，即首交连接是否需要key认证
48. #主机清单文件中可以是IP地址或主机名
49. [web]
50. 192.168.29.161
51. 192.168.29.162
52. # 查看web组下的主机列表
53. [root@harbor ansible]# ansible web --list
54.   hosts (2):
55.     192.168.29.161
56.     192.168.29.162
57. # 向web主机组下主机发送ping命令
58. [root@harbor ansible]# ansible web -m ping
59. 192.168.29.161 | SUCCESS => {
60.     "ansible_facts": {
61.         "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
62.     },
63.     "changed": false,
64.     "ping": "pong"
65. }
66. 192.168.29.162 | SUCCESS => {
67.     "ansible_facts": {
68.         "discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/libexec/platform-python"
69.     },
70.     "changed": false,
71.     "ping": "pong"
72. }

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