HarmonyOS Next开发----使用XComponent自定义绘制

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XComponent组件作为一种绘制组件,通常用于满意用户复杂的自定义绘制需求,其重要有两种类型"surface和component。对于surface类型可以将相关数据传入XComponent单独拥有的NativeWindow来渲染画面。

由于上层UI是采用arkTS开发,那么想要使用XComponent的话,就必要一个桥接和native层交互,类似Android的JNI,鸿蒙应用可以使用napi接口来处理js和native层的交互。
1. 编写CMAKELists.txt文件

  1. # the minimum version of CMake.
  2. cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.4.1)
  3. project(XComponent) #项目名称
  4. set(NATIVERENDER_ROOT_PATH ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR})
  5. #头文件查找路径
  6. include_directories(
  7.     ${NATIVERENDER_ROOT_PATH}
  8.     ${NATIVERENDER_ROOT_PATH}/include
  9. )
  10. # 编译目标so动态库
  11. add_library(nativerender SHARED
  12.     samples/minute_view.cpp
  13.     plugin/plugin_manager.cpp
  14.     common/HuMarketMinuteData.cpp
  15.     common/MinuteItem.cpp
  16.     napi_init.cpp
  17. )
  18. # 查找需要的公共库
  19. find_library(
  20.     # Sets the name of the path variable.
  21.     hilog-lib
  22.     # Specifies the name of the NDK library that
  23.     # you want CMake to locate.
  24.     hilog_ndk.z
  25. )
  26. #编译so所需要的依赖
  27. target_link_libraries(nativerender PUBLIC
  28.     libc++.a
  29.     ${hilog-lib}
  30.     libace_napi.z.so
  31.     libace_ndk.z.so
  32.     libnative_window.so
  33.     libnative_drawing.so
  34. )
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2. Napi模块注册

  1. #include <hilog/log.h>
  2. #include "plugin/plugin_manager.h"
  3. #include "common/log_common.h"
  4. EXTERN_C_START
  5. static napi_value Init(napi_env env, napi_value exports)
  6. {
  7.     OH_LOG_Print(LOG_APP, LOG_INFO, LOG_PRINT_DOMAIN, "Init", "Init begins");
  8.     if ((nullptr == env) || (nullptr == exports)) {
  9.         OH_LOG_Print(LOG_APP, LOG_ERROR, LOG_PRINT_DOMAIN, "Init", "env or exports is null");
  10.         return nullptr;
  11.     }
  12.     PluginManager::GetInstance()->Export(env, exports);
  13.     return exports;
  14. }
  15. EXTERN_C_END
  16. static napi_module nativerenderModule = {
  17.     .nm_version = 1,
  18.     .nm_flags = 0,
  19.     .nm_filename = nullptr,
  20.     .nm_register_func = Init,
  21.     .nm_modname = "nativerender",
  22.     .nm_priv = ((void *)0),
  23.     .reserved = { 0 }
  24. };
  25. extern "C" __attribute__((constructor)) void RegisterModule(void)
  26. {
  27.     napi_module_register(&nativerenderModule);
  28. }
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定义napi_module信息,里面包含模块名称(和arkts侧使用时的libraryname要保持划一),加载模块时的回调函数即Init()。然后注册so模块napi_module_register(&nativerenderModule), 接口Init()函数会收到回调,在Init()有两个参数:


  • env: napi上下文环境;
  • exports: 用于挂载native函数将其导出,会通过js引擎绑定到js层的一个js对象;
3.解析XComponent组件的NativeXComponent实例

  1. if ((env == nullptr) || (exports == nullptr)) {
  2.         DRAWING_LOGE("Export: env or exports is null");
  3.         return;
  4.     }
  5.     napi_value exportInstance = nullptr;
  6.      // 用来解析出被wrap了NativeXComponent指针的属性
  7.     if (napi_get_named_property(env, exports, OH_NATIVE_XCOMPONENT_OBJ, &exportInstance) != napi_ok) {
  8.         DRAWING_LOGE("Export: napi_get_named_property fail");
  9.         return;
  10.     }
  11.     OH_NativeXComponent *nativeXComponent = nullptr;
  12.     // 通过napi_unwrap接口,解析出NativeXComponent的实例指针
  13.     if (napi_unwrap(env, exportInstance, reinterpret_cast<void **>(&nativeXComponent)) != napi_ok) {
  14.         DRAWING_LOGE("Export: napi_unwrap fail");
  15.         return;
  16.     }
  17.     char idStr[OH_XCOMPONENT_ID_LEN_MAX + 1] = {'\0'};
  18.     uint64_t idSize = OH_XCOMPONENT_ID_LEN_MAX + 1;
  19.     if (OH_NativeXComponent_GetXComponentId(nativeXComponent, idStr, &idSize) != OH_NATIVEXCOMPONENT_RESULT_SUCCESS) {
  20.         DRAWING_LOGE("Export: OH_NativeXComponent_GetXComponentId fail");
  21.         return;
  22.     }
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4.注册XComponent事件回调

  1. void MinuteView::RegisterCallback(OH_NativeXComponent *nativeXComponent) {
  2.     DRAWING_LOGI("register callback");
  3.     renderCallback_.OnSurfaceCreated = OnSurfaceCreatedCB;
  4.     renderCallback_.OnSurfaceDestroyed = OnSurfaceDestroyedCB;
  5.     renderCallback_.DispatchTouchEvent = nullptr;
  6.     renderCallback_.OnSurfaceChanged = OnSurfaceChanged;
  7.     // 注册XComponent事件回调
  8.     OH_NativeXComponent_RegisterCallback(nativeXComponent, &renderCallback_);
  9. }
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在事件回调中可以获取组件的宽高信息:
  1. tatic void OnSurfaceCreatedCB(OH_NativeXComponent *component, void *window) {
  2.     DRAWING_LOGI("OnSurfaceCreatedCB");
  3.     if ((component == nullptr) || (window == nullptr)) {
  4.         DRAWING_LOGE("OnSurfaceCreatedCB: component or window is null");
  5.         return;
  6.     }
  7.     char idStr[OH_XCOMPONENT_ID_LEN_MAX + 1] = {'\0'};
  8.     uint64_t idSize = OH_XCOMPONENT_ID_LEN_MAX + 1;
  9.     if (OH_NativeXComponent_GetXComponentId(component, idStr, &idSize) != OH_NATIVEXCOMPONENT_RESULT_SUCCESS) {
  10.         DRAWING_LOGE("OnSurfaceCreatedCB: Unable to get XComponent id");
  11.         return;
  12.     }
  13.     std::string id(idStr);
  14.     auto render = MinuteView::GetInstance(id);
  15.     OHNativeWindow *nativeWindow = static_cast<OHNativeWindow *>(window);
  16.     render->SetNativeWindow(nativeWindow);
  17.     uint64_t width;
  18.     uint64_t height;
  19.     int32_t xSize = OH_NativeXComponent_GetXComponentSize(component, window, &width, &height);
  20.     if ((xSize == OH_NATIVEXCOMPONENT_RESULT_SUCCESS) && (render != nullptr)) {
  21.         render->SetHeight(height);
  22.         render->SetWidth(width);
  23.     }
  24. }
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5.导出Native函数

  1. void MinuteView::Export(napi_env env, napi_value exports) {
  2.     if ((env == nullptr) || (exports == nullptr)) {
  3.         DRAWING_LOGE("Export: env or exports is null");
  4.         return;
  5.     }
  6.     napi_property_descriptor desc[] = {
  7.         {"draw", nullptr, MinuteView::NapiDraw, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, napi_default, nullptr}};
  8.     napi_define_properties(env, exports, sizeof(desc) / sizeof(desc[0]), desc);
  9.     if (napi_define_properties(env, exports, sizeof(desc) / sizeof(desc[0]), desc) != napi_ok) {
  10.         DRAWING_LOGE("Export: napi_define_properties failed");
  11.     }
  12. }
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6.在NapiDraw中绘制分时图



  • 1.读取arkts侧透传过来的数据
  1. vector<HuMarketMinuteData *> myVector;
  2.     size_t argc = 3;
  3.     napi_value args[3] = {nullptr};
  4.     napi_get_cb_info(env, info, &argc, args, nullptr, nullptr);
  5.     napi_value vec = args[0];    // vector
  6.     napi_value vecNum = args[1]; // length
  7.     uint32_t vecCNum = 0;
  8.     napi_get_value_uint32(env, vecNum, &vecCNum);
  9.     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < vecCNum; i++) {
  10.         napi_value vecData;
  11.         napi_get_element(env, vec, i, &vecData);
  12.         HuMarketMinuteData *minuteData = new HuMarketMinuteData(&env, vecData);
  13.         myVector.push_back(minuteData);
  14.     }
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  1. #include "HuMarketMinuteData.h"
  2. #include "common/MinuteItem.h"
  3. #include "napi/native_api.h"
  4. HuMarketMinuteData::HuMarketMinuteData(napi_env *env, napi_value value) {
  5.     napi_value api_date, api_isDateChanged, api_yclosePrice, api_minuteItems;
  6.     napi_get_named_property(*env, value, "date", &api_date);
  7.     napi_get_named_property(*env, value, "isDateChanged", &api_isDateChanged);
  8.     napi_get_named_property(*env, value, "yClosePrice", &api_yclosePrice);
  9.     napi_get_named_property(*env, value, "minuteList", &api_minuteItems);
  10.     uint32_t *uint32_date;
  11.     napi_get_value_uint32(*env, api_date, uint32_date);
  12.     date = int(*uint32_date);
  13.     napi_get_value_double(*env, api_yclosePrice, &yClosePrice);
  14.     uint32_t length;
  15.     napi_get_array_length(*env, api_minuteItems, &length);
  16.     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < length; i++) {
  17.         napi_value api_minuteItem;
  18.         napi_get_element(*env, api_minuteItems, i, &api_minuteItem);
  19.         MinuteItem *minuteItem = new MinuteItem(env, api_minuteItem);
  20.         minuteList.push_back(minuteItem);
  21.     }
  22. }
  23. HuMarketMinuteData::~HuMarketMinuteData() {
  24.     for (MinuteItem *item : minuteList) {
  25.         delete item;
  26.         item = nullptr;
  27.     }
  28. }
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  • 2.绘制分时图
  1. void MinuteView::Drawing2(vector<HuMarketMinuteData *>& minuteDatas) {
  2.     if (nativeWindow_ == nullptr) {
  3.         DRAWING_LOGE("nativeWindow_ is nullptr");
  4.         return;
  5.     }
  6.     int ret = OH_NativeWindow_NativeWindowRequestBuffer(nativeWindow_, &buffer_, &fenceFd_);
  7.     DRAWING_LOGI("request buffer ret = %{public}d", ret);
  8.     bufferHandle_ = OH_NativeWindow_GetBufferHandleFromNative(buffer_);
  9.     mappedAddr_ = static_cast<uint32_t *>(
  10.         mmap(bufferHandle_->virAddr, bufferHandle_->size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, bufferHandle_->fd, 0));
  11.     if (mappedAddr_ == MAP_FAILED) {
  12.         DRAWING_LOGE("mmap failed");
  13.     }
  14.    
  15.     // 创建一个bitmap对象
  16.     cBitmap_ = OH_Drawing_BitmapCreate();
  17.     // 定义bitmap的像素格式
  18.     OH_Drawing_BitmapFormat cFormat{COLOR_FORMAT_RGBA_8888, ALPHA_FORMAT_OPAQUE};
  19.     // 构造对应格式的bitmap,width的值必须为 bufferHandle->stride / 4
  20.     OH_Drawing_BitmapBuild(cBitmap_, width_, height_, &cFormat);
  21.     // 创建一个canvas对象
  22.     cCanvas_ = OH_Drawing_CanvasCreate();
  23.     // 将画布与bitmap绑定,画布画的内容会输出到绑定的bitmap内存中
  24.     OH_Drawing_CanvasBind(cCanvas_, cBitmap_);
  25.     // 清除画布内容
  26.     OH_Drawing_CanvasClear(cCanvas_, OH_Drawing_ColorSetArgb(0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF));
  27.    
  28.     float padding = 30, with = width_, height = height_ / 2;
  29.     float ltX = padding, ltY = 1, rtX = with - padding,rtY = 1,lbX = padding,lbY = height - 1,rbX = with - padding,rbY = height - 1;
  30.    
  31.     // 创建一个path对象
  32.     cPath_ = OH_Drawing_PathCreate();
  33.     // 指定path的起始位置
  34.     OH_Drawing_PathMoveTo(cPath_, ltX, ltY);
  35.     // 用直线连接到目标点
  36.     OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(cPath_, rtX, rtY);
  37.     OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(cPath_, rbX, rbY);
  38.     OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(cPath_, lbX, lbY);
  39.     // 闭合形状,path绘制完毕
  40.     OH_Drawing_PathClose(cPath_);
  41.     OH_Drawing_PathMoveTo(cPath_, padding, height / 2);
  42.     OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(cPath_, with - padding, height / 2);
  43.     OH_Drawing_PathMoveTo(cPath_, with / 2, 1);
  44.     OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(cPath_, with / 2, height - 1);
  45.     // 创建一个画笔Pen对象,Pen对象用于形状的边框线绘制
  46.     cPen_ = OH_Drawing_PenCreate();
  47.     OH_Drawing_PenSetAntiAlias(cPen_, true);
  48.     OH_Drawing_PenSetColor(cPen_, OH_Drawing_ColorSetArgb(0xFF, 0xE6, 0xE6, 0xE6));
  49.     OH_Drawing_PenSetWidth(cPen_, 2.0);
  50.     OH_Drawing_PenSetJoin(cPen_, LINE_ROUND_JOIN);
  51.     // 将Pen画笔设置到canvas中
  52.     OH_Drawing_CanvasAttachPen(cCanvas_, cPen_);
  53.     OH_Drawing_CanvasDrawPath(cCanvas_, cPath_);
  54.     double minPrice, maxPrice;
  55.     computeMaxMin(minuteDatas, &minPrice, &maxPrice);
  56.     OH_Drawing_Path *pricePath_ = OH_Drawing_PathCreate();
  57.     OH_Drawing_Path *avgPath_ = OH_Drawing_PathCreate();
  58.     // 指定path的起始位置
  59.     HuMarketMinuteData *minuteData = minuteDatas[0];
  60.     // 单位长度
  61.     float unitHeight = height / (maxPrice - minPrice);
  62.     float itemWidth = (with - 2 * padding) / (240 * minuteDatas.size());
  63.     float pointX = padding;
  64.     float pointY = 0;
  65.     float avg_pointX = padding;
  66.     float avg_pointY = 0;
  67.     bool isFirst = true;
  68.     float yClosePrice = 0;
  69.     for (int i = 0; i < minuteDatas.size(); i++) {
  70.         HuMarketMinuteData *minuteData = minuteDatas[i];
  71.         if (i == 0) {
  72.             yClosePrice = minuteData->yClosePrice;
  73.         }
  74.         if (minuteData != nullptr) {
  75.             for (int j = 0; j < minuteData->minuteList.size(); j++) {
  76.                 MinuteItem *minuteItem = minuteData->minuteList[j];
  77.                 if (minuteItem != nullptr) {
  78.                     pointY = (maxPrice - minuteItem->nowPrice) * unitHeight;
  79.                     avg_pointY = (maxPrice - minuteItem->avgPrice) * unitHeight;
  80.                     if (isFirst) {
  81.                         isFirst = false;
  82.                         OH_Drawing_PathMoveTo(pricePath_, pointX, pointY);
  83.                         OH_Drawing_PathMoveTo(avgPath_, avg_pointX, avg_pointY);
  84.                     } else {
  85.                         OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(pricePath_, pointX, pointY);
  86.                         OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(avgPath_, avg_pointX, avg_pointY);
  87.                     }
  88.                     pointX += itemWidth;
  89.                     avg_pointX += itemWidth;
  90.                 }
  91.             }
  92.         }
  93.     }
  94.     // 创建一个画笔Pen对象,Pen对象用于形状的边框线绘制
  95.     cPen_ = OH_Drawing_PenCreate();
  96.     OH_Drawing_PenSetAntiAlias(cPen_, true);
  97.     OH_Drawing_PenSetColor(cPen_, OH_Drawing_ColorSetArgb(0xFF, 0x22, 0x77, 0xcc));
  98.     OH_Drawing_PenSetWidth(cPen_, 5.0);
  99.     OH_Drawing_PenSetJoin(cPen_, LINE_ROUND_JOIN);
  100.     // 将Pen画笔设置到canvas中
  101.     OH_Drawing_CanvasAttachPen(cCanvas_, cPen_);
  102.     // 在画布上画Price
  103.     OH_Drawing_CanvasDrawPath(cCanvas_, pricePath_);
  104.     OH_Drawing_PenSetColor(cPen_, OH_Drawing_ColorSetArgb(0xFF, 0xFF, 0x9D, 0x03));
  105.     OH_Drawing_CanvasAttachPen(cCanvas_, cPen_);
  106.     OH_Drawing_CanvasDrawPath(cCanvas_, avgPath_);
  107.     OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(pricePath_, pointX, height);
  108.     OH_Drawing_PathLineTo(pricePath_, padding, height);
  109.     OH_Drawing_PathClose(pricePath_);
  110.     OH_Drawing_CanvasDrawShadow(cCanvas_, pricePath_, {5, 5, 5}, {15, 15, 15}, 30,
  111.                                 OH_Drawing_ColorSetArgb(0x00, 0xFF, 0xff, 0xff),
  112.                                 OH_Drawing_ColorSetArgb(0x33, 0x22, 0x77, 0xcc), SHADOW_FLAGS_TRANSPARENT_OCCLUDER);
  113.     // 选择从左到右/左对齐等排版属性
  114.     OH_Drawing_TypographyStyle *typoStyle = OH_Drawing_CreateTypographyStyle();
  115.     OH_Drawing_SetTypographyTextDirection(typoStyle, TEXT_DIRECTION_LTR);
  116.     OH_Drawing_SetTypographyTextAlign(typoStyle, TEXT_ALIGN_LEFT);
  117.     // 设置文字颜色,例如黑色
  118.     OH_Drawing_TextStyle *txtStyle = OH_Drawing_CreateTextStyle();
  119.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleColor(txtStyle, OH_Drawing_ColorSetArgb(0xFF, 0xFF, 0x9D, 0x03));
  120.     // 设置文字大小、字重等属性
  121.     double fontSize = width_ / 15;
  122.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleFontSize(txtStyle, fontSize);
  123.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleFontWeight(txtStyle, FONT_WEIGHT_400);
  124.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleBaseLine(txtStyle, TEXT_BASELINE_ALPHABETIC);
  125.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleFontHeight(txtStyle, 1);
  126.     // 如果需要多次测量,建议fontCollection作为全局变量使用,可以显著减少内存占用
  127.     OH_Drawing_FontCollection *fontCollection = OH_Drawing_CreateSharedFontCollection();
  128.     // 注册自定义字体
  129.     const char *fontFamily = "myFamilyName"; // myFamilyName为自定义字体的family name
  130.     const char *fontPath = "/data/storage/el2/base/haps/entry/files/myFontFile.ttf"; // 设置自定义字体所在的沙箱路径
  131.     OH_Drawing_RegisterFont(fontCollection, fontFamily, fontPath);
  132.     // 设置系统字体类型
  133.     const char *systemFontFamilies[] = {"Roboto"};
  134.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleFontFamilies(txtStyle, 1, systemFontFamilies);
  135.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleFontStyle(txtStyle, FONT_STYLE_NORMAL);
  136.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleLocale(txtStyle, "en");
  137.     // 设置自定义字体类型
  138.     auto txtStyle2 = OH_Drawing_CreateTextStyle();
  139.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleFontSize(txtStyle2, fontSize);
  140.     const char *myFontFamilies[] = {"myFamilyName"}; // 如果已经注册自定义字体,填入自定义字体的family
  141.                                                      // name使用自定义字体
  142.     OH_Drawing_SetTextStyleFontFamilies(txtStyle2, 1, myFontFamilies);
  143.     OH_Drawing_TypographyCreate *handler = OH_Drawing_CreateTypographyHandler(typoStyle, fontCollection);
  144.     OH_Drawing_TypographyHandlerPushTextStyle(handler, txtStyle);
  145.     OH_Drawing_TypographyHandlerPushTextStyle(handler, txtStyle2);
  146.     // 设置文字内容
  147.     const char *text = doubleToStringWithPrecision(yClosePrice, 2).c_str();
  148.     OH_Drawing_TypographyHandlerAddText(handler, text);
  149.     OH_Drawing_TypographyHandlerPopTextStyle(handler);
  150.     OH_Drawing_Typography *typography = OH_Drawing_CreateTypography(handler);
  151.     // 设置页面最大宽度
  152.     double maxWidth = width_;
  153.     OH_Drawing_TypographyLayout(typography, maxWidth);
  154.     // 设置文本在画布上绘制的起始位置
  155.     double position[2] = {100, height / 2.0};
  156.     // 将文本绘制到画布上
  157.     OH_Drawing_TypographyPaint(typography, cCanvas_, position[0], position[1]);
  158.    
  159.     void *bitmapAddr = OH_Drawing_BitmapGetPixels(cBitmap_);
  160.     uint32_t *value = static_cast<uint32_t *>(bitmapAddr);
  161.     uint32_t *pixel = static_cast<uint32_t *>(mappedAddr_);
  162.     if (pixel == nullptr) {
  163.         DRAWING_LOGE("pixel is null");
  164.         return;
  165.     }
  166.     if (value == nullptr) {
  167.         DRAWING_LOGE("value is null");
  168.         return;
  169.     }
  170.     for (uint32_t x = 0; x < width_; x++) {
  171.         for (uint32_t y = 0; y < height_; y++) {
  172.             *pixel++ = *value++;
  173.         }
  174.     }
  175.     Region region{nullptr, 0};
  176.     OH_NativeWindow_NativeWindowFlushBuffer(nativeWindow_, buffer_, fenceFd_, region);
  177.     int result = munmap(mappedAddr_, bufferHandle_->size);
  178.     if (result == -1) {
  179.         DRAWING_LOGE("munmap failed!");
  180.     }
  181. }
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绘制流程:


  • 向OHNativeWindow申请一块buffer, 并获取这块buffer的handle,然后映射内存;
  • 创建画布Canvas, 将bitmap和画布绑定;
  • 使用Canvas相关api绘制内容;
  • 将bitmap转换成像素数据,并通过之前映射的buffer句柄,将bitmap数据写到buffer中;
  • 将内容放回到Buffer队列,在下次Vsync信号就会将buffer中的内容绘制到屏幕上;
  • 取消映射内存;
7.ArkTS侧使用XComponent



  • 添加so依赖
  1.   "devDependencies": {
  2.    "@types/libnativerender.so": "file:./src/main/cpp/types/libnativerender"
  3. }
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  • 定义native接口
  1. export default interface XComponentContext {
  2. draw(minuteData: UPMarketMinuteData[], length: number): void;
  3. };
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  • 使用XComponent并获取XComponentContext, 通过它可以调用native层函数
  1.       XComponent({
  2.          id: 'xcomponentId',
  3.          type: 'surface',
  4.          libraryname: 'nativerender'
  5.        })
  6.          .onLoad((xComponentContext) => {
  7.            if (xComponentContext) {
  8.              this.xComponentContext = xComponentContext as XComponentContext;
  9.            }
  10.          })
  11.          .width('100%')
  12.          .height(600)
  13.          .backgroundColor(Color.Gray)
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  • 调用native函数绘制分时图
  1.     this.monitor.subscribeRTMinuteData(this.TAG_REQUEST_MINUTE, param, (rsp) => {
  2.      if (rsp.isSuccessful() && rsp.result != null && rsp.result.length > 0 && this.xComponentContext) {
  3.        this.xComponentContext.draw(rsp.result!, rsp.result.length)
  4.      }
  5.    })
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