Solana 开发学习之Solana 基础知识

Solana 开发学习之Solana 基础知识

Install the Solana CLI

相关链接

• https://docs.solanalabs.com/cli/install
  
• https://solanacookbook.com/zh/getting-started/installation.html#安装命令行工具
  
• https://www.solanazh.com/course/1-4
  
• https://solana.com/zh/developers/guides/getstarted/setup-local-development
  

实操

• 安装
  

1. sh -c "$(curl -sSfL https://release.solana.com/v1.18.2/install)"
3. downloading v1.18.2 installer
4.   ✨ 1.18.2 initialized
5. Adding
6. export PATH="/Users/qiaopengjun/.local/share/solana/install/active_release/bin:$PATH" to /Users/qiaopengjun/.profile
7. Adding
8. export PATH="/Users/qiaopengjun/.local/share/solana/install/active_release/bin:$PATH" to /Users/qiaopengjun/.zprofile
9. Adding
10. export PATH="/Users/qiaopengjun/.local/share/solana/install/active_release/bin:$PATH" to /Users/qiaopengjun/.bash_profile
12. Close and reopen your terminal to apply the PATH changes or run the following in your existing shell:
14. export PATH="/Users/qiaopengjun/.local/share/solana/install/active_release/bin:$PATH"

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• 配置环境变量
  

1. vim .zshrc
3. # 复制并粘贴下面命令以更新 PATH
4. export PATH="/Users/qiaopengjun/.local/share/solana/install/active_release/bin:$PATH"

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• 通过运行以下命令确认您已安装了所需的 Solana 版本：
  

1. solana --version
3. # 实操
4. solana --version
5. solana-cli 1.18.2 (src:13656e30; feat:3352961542, client:SolanaLabs)

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• 切换版本
  

1. solana-install init 1.16.4

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设置网络环境

官方RPC地址分别是：

• DevNet: https://api.devnet.solana.com
  
• TestNet: https://api.testnet.solana.com
  
• MainNet: https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
  

相关链接

• https://solana.com/zh/rpc
  

实操

1. solana config set --url https://api.devnet.solana.com
3. Config File: /Users/qiaopengjun/.config/solana/cli/config.yml
4. RPC URL: https://api.devnet.solana.com
5. WebSocket URL: wss://api.devnet.solana.com/ (computed)
6. Keypair Path: /Users/qiaopengjun/.config/solana/id.json
7. Commitment: confirmed

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创建账号

相关链接

• https://docs.solanalabs.com/cli/wallets/paper
  

Check your installation

运行以下命令检查 solana-keygen 是否安装正确:

1. solana-keygen --version
3. # 实操
4. solana-keygen --version
5. solana-keygen 1.18.2 (src:13656e30; feat:3352961542, client:SolanaLabs)

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使用 solana-keygen 工具，可以生成新的种子短语，以及从现有的种子短语和(可选的)密码短语派生一个密钥对。
种子短语和口令短语可以作为纸钱包一起使用。只要您保持您的种子短语和密码存储安全，您可以使用它们访问您的帐户。
For full usage details, run:

1. solana-keygen new --help
3. solana-keygen-new
4. Generate new keypair file from a random seed phrase and optional BIP39 passphrase
6. USAGE:
7.     solana-keygen new [OPTIONS]
9. OPTIONS:
10.     -C, --config <FILEPATH>
11.             Configuration file to use [default: /Users/qiaopengjun/.config/solana/cli/config.yml]
13.         --derivation-path [<DERIVATION_PATH>...]
14.             Derivation path. All indexes will be promoted to hardened. If arg is not presented then
15.             derivation path will not be used. If arg is presented with empty DERIVATION_PATH value
16.             then m/44'/501'/0'/0' will be used.
18.     -f, --force
19.             Overwrite the output file if it exists
21.     -h, --help
22.             Print help information
24.         --language <LANGUAGE>
25.             Specify the mnemonic language that will be present in the generated seed phrase
26.             [default: english] [possible values: english, chinese-simplified, chinese-traditional,
27.             japanese, spanish, korean, french, italian]
29.         --no-bip39-passphrase
30.             Do not prompt for a BIP39 passphrase
32.         --no-outfile
33.             Only print a seed phrase and pubkey. Do not output a keypair file
35.     -o, --outfile <FILEPATH>
36.             Path to generated file
38.     -s, --silent
39.             Do not display seed phrase. Useful when piping output to other programs that prompt for
40.             user input, like gpg
42.         --word-count <NUMBER>
43.             Specify the number of words that will be present in the generated seed phrase [default:
44.             12] [possible values: 12, 15, 18, 21, 24]

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实操

1. sosolana-keygen new --force
3. Generating a new keypair
5. For added security, enter a BIP39 passphrase
7. NOTE! This passphrase improves security of the recovery seed phrase NOT the
8. keypair file itself, which is stored as insecure plain text
10. BIP39 Passphrase (empty for none):
12. Wrote new keypair to /Users/qiaopengjun/.config/solana/id.json
13. =================================================================================
14. pubkey: 账号的地址
15. =================================================================================
16. Save this seed phrase and your BIP39 passphrase to recover your new keypair:
17. 对应的BIP39的助记词
18. =================================================================================

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查看当前账号的地址，Keypair文件的中的公钥：

1. solana-keygen pubkey

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申请水龙头

1. solana airdrop 1
3. Requesting airdrop of 1 SOL
5. Signature: GTVSLYa9Vm1FfjBSDVxf8cBL6D47caXHuETRbdD3eQ5C36ZA261MLJXBxzWU2HoiaedAAmBdiy17YFnSaiWsvW3
7. 1 SOL

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Solana CLI Reference and Usage

查看当前账号的余额

1. solana balance
2. 1 SOL

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• https://solscan.io/tx/GTVSLYa9Vm1FfjBSDVxf8cBL6D47caXHuETRbdD3eQ5C36ZA261MLJXBxzWU2HoiaedAAmBdiy17YFnSaiWsvW3?cluster=devnet
  
• https://explorer.solana.com/tx/GTVSLYa9Vm1FfjBSDVxf8cBL6D47caXHuETRbdD3eQ5C36ZA261MLJXBxzWU2HoiaedAAmBdiy17YFnSaiWsvW3?cluster=devnet
  

查看 config

1. cat .config/solana/cli/config.yml
2. ---
3. json_rpc_url: https://api.devnet.solana.com
4. websocket_url: ''
5. keypair_path: /Users/qiaopengjun/.config/solana/id.json
6. address_labels:
7.   '11111111111111111111111111111111': System Program
8. commitment: confirmed

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转账

1. solana transfer --allow-unfunded-recipient H6Su7YsGK5mMASrZvJ51nt7oBzD88V8FKSBPNnRG1u3k 0.01
3. Signature: 5t9ysYELu2Gv1jc7SDXzmZotLUDhkUwuSd48tH2QSqJy8iTYkXD7Sf9fNVxXhkcUZsCy7s7WvsddRbxrfK3tKmEg

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• https://explorer.solana.com/tx/5t9ysYELu2Gv1jc7SDXzmZotLUDhkUwuSd48tH2QSqJy8iTYkXD7Sf9fNVxXhkcUZsCy7s7WvsddRbxrfK3tKmEg?cluster=devnet
  

• https://solscan.io/tx/5t9ysYELu2Gv1jc7SDXzmZotLUDhkUwuSd48tH2QSqJy8iTYkXD7Sf9fNVxXhkcUZsCy7s7WvsddRbxrfK3tKmEg?cluster=devnet
  

练习

通过命令行，发行一个代币。并给自己账号mint一定数量的代币。 并通过插件钱包或者命令行的方式给其他同学空投该代币

• 设置环境为开发环境
  
• 创建账号
  
• 申请水龙头
  
• 创建Token
  

1. spl-token create-token
2. Creating token E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx under program TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA
4. Address:  E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx
5. Decimals:  9
7. Signature: 51yuJ91agCKxYWEbLgMfEq5BWBTaFZoezxfnKVoTmrGi59S44q7nKkfVjsCpMJNVLwW8AKuiNbNKb4JSUzLHQy9d

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• https://solscan.io/token/E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx?cluster=devnet
  
• https://solscan.io/tx/51yuJ91agCKxYWEbLgMfEq5BWBTaFZoezxfnKVoTmrGi59S44q7nKkfVjsCpMJNVLwW8AKuiNbNKb4JSUzLHQy9d?cluster=devnet
  

• 创建Token Account
  

1. spl-token create-account E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx
2. Creating account HDv1RgdHjrjSdnTFJsMqQGPcKTiuF7zLjhNaSd7ihbKh
4. Signature: 3shwWeUAiFYTE2qfARofhyPRtHvtGBRNf2oB8AoxsAX11mEbUsxk2q35YSmWBcBQEnhS2t2LsBnQ9bjt4m2WR3qt

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• https://solscan.io/tx/3shwWeUAiFYTE2qfARofhyPRtHvtGBRNf2oB8AoxsAX11mEbUsxk2q35YSmWBcBQEnhS2t2LsBnQ9bjt4m2WR3qt?cluster=devnet
  

• Token Account Mint
  

1. spl-token mint E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx 100 HDv1RgdHjrjSdnTFJsMqQGPcKTiuF7zLjhNaSd7ihbKh
2. Minting 100 tokens
3.   Token: E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx
4.   Recipient: HDv1RgdHjrjSdnTFJsMqQGPcKTiuF7zLjhNaSd7ihbKh
6. Signature: 4XdNt4yotJdcKN1JGSqm4CL8tQ8vELzGLNGT8ChucQWmofSBpSz2jU8gHmET18PBu2Z3ZGt9RkzRAwuZ5DdBEzba

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• https://solscan.io/tx/4XdNt4yotJdcKN1JGSqm4CL8tQ8vELzGLNGT8ChucQWmofSBpSz2jU8gHmET18PBu2Z3ZGt9RkzRAwuZ5DdBEzba?cluster=devnet
  

• 查询余额
  

1. spl-token balance E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx
2. 100

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• 转账
  

1. spl-token transfer --fund-recipient E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx 10 H6Su7YsGK5mMASrZvJ51nt7oBzD88V8FKSBPNnRG1u3k
2. Transfer 10 tokens
3.   Sender: HDv1RgdHjrjSdnTFJsMqQGPcKTiuF7zLjhNaSd7ihbKh
4.   Recipient: H6Su7YsGK5mMASrZvJ51nt7oBzD88V8FKSBPNnRG1u3k
5.   Recipient associated token account: HY1GfCQabyUMFRGpDu3eFoVW3ny8ifHKVZ8LbvzbDPsK
6.   Funding recipient: HY1GfCQabyUMFRGpDu3eFoVW3ny8ifHKVZ8LbvzbDPsK
8. Signature: 4jbcoJYS6ZGPcUmHpqTnxeLHfQxvUqQQnzgoJCgWWA1LpKkKWRA5y2FZ7rDQ2v4NBBcuUJqh37A9p92mvbTmS6iY

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• https://solscan.io/tx/4jbcoJYS6ZGPcUmHpqTnxeLHfQxvUqQQnzgoJCgWWA1LpKkKWRA5y2FZ7rDQ2v4NBBcuUJqh37A9p92mvbTmS6iY?cluster=devnet
  

• 查询余额
  

1. spl-token balance E7eHC3g4QsFXuaBe3X2wVr54yEvHK8K8fq6qrgB64djx
2. 90

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